Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2/2016

09-09-2015 | Original Paper

Ultra-Rapid Categorization of Meaningful Real-Life Scenes in Adults With and Without ASD

Auteurs: Steven Vanmarcke, Ruth Van Der Hallen, Kris Evers, Ilse Noens, Jean Steyaert, Johan Wagemans

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 2/2016

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

In comparison to typically developing (TD) individuals, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear to be worse in the fast extraction of the global meaning of a situation or picture. Ultra-rapid categorization [paradigm developed by Thorpe et al. (Nature 381:520–522, 1996)] involves such global information processing. We therefore tested a group of adults with and without ASD, without intellectual disability, on a set of ultra-rapid categorization tasks. Individuals with ASD performed equally well as TD individuals except when the task required the categorization of social interactions. These results argue against a general deficit in ultra-rapid gist perception in people with ASD, while suggesting a more specific problem with the fast processing of information about social relations.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference Ahissar, M., & Hochstein, S. (2004). The reverse hierarchy theory of visual perceptual learning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 457–464.CrossRefPubMed Ahissar, M., & Hochstein, S. (2004). The reverse hierarchy theory of visual perceptual learning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 457–464.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Aitkin, M. (1999). A general maximum likelihood analysis of variance components in generalized linear models. Biometrics, 55, 117–128.CrossRefPubMed Aitkin, M. (1999). A general maximum likelihood analysis of variance components in generalized linear models. Biometrics, 55, 117–128.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Akaike, H. (1973). Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. In B. N. Petrov & F. Csáki (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on information theory (pp. 267–281). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Akaike, H. (1973). Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. In B. N. Petrov & F. Csáki (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on information theory (pp. 267–281). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
go back to reference Allison, T., Puce, A., & McCarthy, G. (2000). Social perception from visual cues: Role of the STS region. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 267–278.CrossRefPubMed Allison, T., Puce, A., & McCarthy, G. (2000). Social perception from visual cues: Role of the STS region. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 267–278.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR (4th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR (5th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR (5th ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric.
go back to reference Auyeung, B., Wheelwright, S., Allison, C., Atkinson, M., Samarawickrema, N., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2009). The children’s empathy quotient and systemizing quotient: Sex differences in typical development and in autism spectrum conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39, 1509–1521.CrossRefPubMed Auyeung, B., Wheelwright, S., Allison, C., Atkinson, M., Samarawickrema, N., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2009). The children’s empathy quotient and systemizing quotient: Sex differences in typical development and in autism spectrum conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39, 1509–1521.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bacon-Macé, N., Macé, M. J.-M., Fabre-Thorpe, M., & Thorpe, S. J. (2005). The time course of visual processing: Backward masking and natural scene categorisation. Vision Research, 45, 1459–1469.CrossRefPubMed Bacon-Macé, N., Macé, M. J.-M., Fabre-Thorpe, M., & Thorpe, S. J. (2005). The time course of visual processing: Backward masking and natural scene categorisation. Vision Research, 45, 1459–1469.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). Theory of mind and autism: A review. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 23, 169–184.CrossRef Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). Theory of mind and autism: A review. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 23, 169–184.CrossRef
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 241–251.CrossRefPubMed Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Hill, J., Raste, Y., & Plumb, I. (2001). The “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 241–251.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bates, D. (2005). Fitting linear models in R. R News, 5, 27–30. Bates, D. (2005). Fitting linear models in R. R News, 5, 27–30.
go back to reference Batty, M., & Taylor, M. J. (2001). Visual categorization during childhood: An ERP study. Psychophysiology, 39, 482–490.CrossRef Batty, M., & Taylor, M. J. (2001). Visual categorization during childhood: An ERP study. Psychophysiology, 39, 482–490.CrossRef
go back to reference Begeer, S., Malle, B. F., Nieuwland, M. S., & Keysar, B. (2010). Using theory of mind to represent and take part in social interactions: Comparing individuals with high-functioning autism and typically developing controls. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 104–122.CrossRef Begeer, S., Malle, B. F., Nieuwland, M. S., & Keysar, B. (2010). Using theory of mind to represent and take part in social interactions: Comparing individuals with high-functioning autism and typically developing controls. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 104–122.CrossRef
go back to reference Behrmann, M., Thomas, C., & Humphreys, K. (2006). Seeing it differently: Visual processing in autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 258–264.CrossRefPubMed Behrmann, M., Thomas, C., & Humphreys, K. (2006). Seeing it differently: Visual processing in autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 258–264.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Blair, R. J. R., Frith, U., Smith, N., Abell, F., & Cipolotti, L. (2002). Fractionation of visual memory: Agency detection and its impairment in autism. Neuropsychologia, 40, 108–118.CrossRefPubMed Blair, R. J. R., Frith, U., Smith, N., Abell, F., & Cipolotti, L. (2002). Fractionation of visual memory: Agency detection and its impairment in autism. Neuropsychologia, 40, 108–118.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bowler, D. M. (1992). “Theory of mind” in Asperger’s Syndrome. Journal of Child Pyschology and Psychiatry, 33, 877–893.CrossRef Bowler, D. M. (1992). “Theory of mind” in Asperger’s Syndrome. Journal of Child Pyschology and Psychiatry, 33, 877–893.CrossRef
go back to reference Burnett, H. G., Panis, S., Wagemans, J., & Jellema, T. (2014). Impaired identification of impoverished animate but not inanimate objects in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research, 1, 1–9. doi:10.1002/aur.1412.CrossRef Burnett, H. G., Panis, S., Wagemans, J., & Jellema, T. (2014). Impaired identification of impoverished animate but not inanimate objects in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research, 1, 1–9. doi:10.​1002/​aur.​1412.CrossRef
go back to reference Carlson, S. M., Koenig, M. A., & Harms, A. B. (2013). Theory of mind. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4, 391–402.PubMed Carlson, S. M., Koenig, M. A., & Harms, A. B. (2013). Theory of mind. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 4, 391–402.PubMed
go back to reference Chaminade, T., Fonseca, D. D., Rosset, D., Cheng, G., & Deruelle, C. (2015). Atypical modulation of hypothalamic activity by social context in ASD. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 10, 41–50.CrossRef Chaminade, T., Fonseca, D. D., Rosset, D., Cheng, G., & Deruelle, C. (2015). Atypical modulation of hypothalamic activity by social context in ASD. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 10, 41–50.CrossRef
go back to reference Church, B., Krauss, M. S., Lopata, C., Toomey, J. A., Thomeer, M. L., et al. (2010). Atypical categorization in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17, 864–868.CrossRef Church, B., Krauss, M. S., Lopata, C., Toomey, J. A., Thomeer, M. L., et al. (2010). Atypical categorization in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17, 864–868.CrossRef
go back to reference Crouzet, S. M., Joubert, O. R., Thorpe, S. J., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2012). Animal detection precedes access to scene category. PLoS One, 7, 1–9.CrossRef Crouzet, S. M., Joubert, O. R., Thorpe, S. J., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2012). Animal detection precedes access to scene category. PLoS One, 7, 1–9.CrossRef
go back to reference Dahlgren, S. O., & Trillingsgaard, A. (1996). Theory of mind in nonretarded children with autism and Asperger’s syndrome. A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 759–763.CrossRefPubMed Dahlgren, S. O., & Trillingsgaard, A. (1996). Theory of mind in nonretarded children with autism and Asperger’s syndrome. A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 759–763.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Edgin, J. O., & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Spatial cognition in autism spectrum disorders: Superior, impaired or just intact? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 729–745.CrossRefPubMed Edgin, J. O., & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Spatial cognition in autism spectrum disorders: Superior, impaired or just intact? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 729–745.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Edwards, D. J., Perlman, A., & Reed, P. (2012). Unsupervised categorization in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 1264–1269.CrossRefPubMed Edwards, D. J., Perlman, A., & Reed, P. (2012). Unsupervised categorization in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 1264–1269.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Evers, K., Panis, S., Torfs, K., Steyaert, J., Noens, I., & Wagemans, J. (2014). Disturbed interplay between mid-and high-level vision in ASD? Evidence from a contour identification task with everyday objects. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44, 801–815.CrossRefPubMed Evers, K., Panis, S., Torfs, K., Steyaert, J., Noens, I., & Wagemans, J. (2014). Disturbed interplay between mid-and high-level vision in ASD? Evidence from a contour identification task with everyday objects. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44, 801–815.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Falck-Ytter, T., & von Hofsten, C. (2011). How special is social looking in ASD: A review. Progress in Brain Research, 189, 46–55. Falck-Ytter, T., & von Hofsten, C. (2011). How special is social looking in ASD: A review. Progress in Brain Research, 189, 46–55.
go back to reference Fletcher-Watson, S., Leekam, S. R., Benson, V., Frank, M. C., & Findlay, J. M. (2009). Eye-movements reveal attention to social information in autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia, 47, 248–257.CrossRefPubMed Fletcher-Watson, S., Leekam, S. R., Benson, V., Frank, M. C., & Findlay, J. M. (2009). Eye-movements reveal attention to social information in autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia, 47, 248–257.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Frith, U. (2003). Autism: Explaining the enigma (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. Frith, U. (2003). Autism: Explaining the enigma (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
go back to reference Froehlich, A. L., Anderson, J. S., Bigler, E. D., Miller, J. S., Lange, N. T., DuBray, M. B., et al. (2012). Intact prototype formation but impaired generalization in autism. Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6, 921–930.CrossRef Froehlich, A. L., Anderson, J. S., Bigler, E. D., Miller, J. S., Lange, N. T., DuBray, M. B., et al. (2012). Intact prototype formation but impaired generalization in autism. Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6, 921–930.CrossRef
go back to reference Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., Hill, J. J., & Golan, Y. (2006). The “reading the mind in films” task: Complex emotion recognition in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions. Social Neuroscience, 1, 111–123. doi:10.1080/17470910600980986.CrossRefPubMed Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., Hill, J. J., & Golan, Y. (2006). The “reading the mind in films” task: Complex emotion recognition in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions. Social Neuroscience, 1, 111–123. doi:10.​1080/​1747091060098098​6.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Guillon, Q., Hadjikhani, N., Baduel, S., & Rogé, B. (2014). Visual social attention in autism spectrum disorder: Insights from eye tracking studies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 42, 279–297. doi:10.3758/BF03193726.CrossRefPubMed Guillon, Q., Hadjikhani, N., Baduel, S., & Rogé, B. (2014). Visual social attention in autism spectrum disorder: Insights from eye tracking studies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 42, 279–297. doi:10.​3758/​BF03193726.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Happé, F., & Booth, R. (2008). The power of the positive: Revisiting weak coherence in autism spectrum disorders. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 50–63.CrossRefPubMed Happé, F., & Booth, R. (2008). The power of the positive: Revisiting weak coherence in autism spectrum disorders. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 50–63.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2006). The weak coherence account: Detail-focused cognitive style in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 5–25.CrossRefPubMed Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2006). The weak coherence account: Detail-focused cognitive style in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 5–25.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Heavey, L., Phillips, W., Baron-Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (2000). The awkward moments test: A naturalistic measure of social understanding in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 225–236.CrossRefPubMed Heavey, L., Phillips, W., Baron-Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (2000). The awkward moments test: A naturalistic measure of social understanding in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 225–236.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hochstein, S., & Ahissar, M. (2002). View from the top: Hierarchies and reverse hierarchies in the visual system. Neuron, 36, 791–804.CrossRefPubMed Hochstein, S., & Ahissar, M. (2002). View from the top: Hierarchies and reverse hierarchies in the visual system. Neuron, 36, 791–804.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Jensen, A. R. (2006). Clocking the mind: Mental chronometry and individual differences. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Jensen, A. R. (2006). Clocking the mind: Mental chronometry and individual differences. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
go back to reference Joubert, O. R., Rousselet, G. A., Fabre-Thorpe, M., & Fize, D. (2009). Rapid visual categorization of natural scene contexts with equalized amplitude spectrum and increasing phase noise. Journal of Vision, 9, 1–16. doi:10.1167/9.1.2.CrossRefPubMed Joubert, O. R., Rousselet, G. A., Fabre-Thorpe, M., & Fize, D. (2009). Rapid visual categorization of natural scene contexts with equalized amplitude spectrum and increasing phase noise. Journal of Vision, 9, 1–16. doi:10.​1167/​9.​1.​2.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Joubert, O. R., Rousselet, G. A., Fize, D., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2007). Processing scene context: Fast categorization and object interference. Vision Research, 47, 3286–3297.CrossRefPubMed Joubert, O. R., Rousselet, G. A., Fize, D., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2007). Processing scene context: Fast categorization and object interference. Vision Research, 47, 3286–3297.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Koldewyn, K., Jiang, Y. V., Weigelt, S., & Kanwisher, N. (2013). Global/local processing in autism: Not a disability, but a disinclination. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 2329–2340.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Koldewyn, K., Jiang, Y. V., Weigelt, S., & Kanwisher, N. (2013). Global/local processing in autism: Not a disability, but a disinclination. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 2329–2340.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P. C., & Risi, S. (1999). Autism diagnostic observation schedule. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services. Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P. C., & Risi, S. (1999). Autism diagnostic observation schedule. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
go back to reference Loschky, L. C., & Larson, A. M. (2008). Localized information is necessary for scene categorization, including the natural/man-made distinction. Journal of Vision, 8, 1–9. doi:10.1167/8.1.4.CrossRefPubMed Loschky, L. C., & Larson, A. M. (2008). Localized information is necessary for scene categorization, including the natural/man-made distinction. Journal of Vision, 8, 1–9. doi:10.​1167/​8.​1.​4.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mackinlay, R., Charman, T., & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2006). High functioning children with autism spectrum disorder: A novel test of multitasking. Brain and Cognition, 61, 14–24.CrossRefPubMed Mackinlay, R., Charman, T., & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2006). High functioning children with autism spectrum disorder: A novel test of multitasking. Brain and Cognition, 61, 14–24.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference McArdle, B. H. (1987). The significance of differences between means. A simulation study. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 87A, 979–982.CrossRef McArdle, B. H. (1987). The significance of differences between means. A simulation study. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 87A, 979–982.CrossRef
go back to reference McCullagh, P. (1984). Generalized linear models. European Journal of Operational Research, 6, 285–292.CrossRef McCullagh, P. (1984). Generalized linear models. European Journal of Operational Research, 6, 285–292.CrossRef
go back to reference Mottron, L., & Burack, J. (2006). Autism: A different perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 1–3.CrossRef Mottron, L., & Burack, J. (2006). Autism: A different perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 1–3.CrossRef
go back to reference Mottron, L., Dawson, M., Soulières, I., Hubert, B., & Burack, J. (2006). Enhanced perceptual functioning in autism: An update, and eight principles of autistic perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 27–43.CrossRefPubMed Mottron, L., Dawson, M., Soulières, I., Hubert, B., & Burack, J. (2006). Enhanced perceptual functioning in autism: An update, and eight principles of autistic perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 27–43.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Noens, I., De la Marche, W., & Scholte, E. (2012). SRS-A—Screeningslijst voor autismespectrumstoornissen Handleiding. Amsterdam: Hogrefe Uitgevers B.V. Noens, I., De la Marche, W., & Scholte, E. (2012). SRS-A—Screeningslijst voor autismespectrumstoornissen Handleiding. Amsterdam: Hogrefe Uitgevers B.V.
go back to reference Plaisted, K. C. (2001). Reduced generalization in autism: An alternative to weak central coherence. In J. A. Burack, T. Charman, N. Yirmiya, & P. R. Zelazo (Eds.), The development of autism: Perspectives from theories and research (pp. 149–169). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Plaisted, K. C. (2001). Reduced generalization in autism: An alternative to weak central coherence. In J. A. Burack, T. Charman, N. Yirmiya, & P. R. Zelazo (Eds.), The development of autism: Perspectives from theories and research (pp. 149–169). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Plaisted, K. C., O’Riordan, M. A., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1998). Enhanced discrimination of novel highly similar stimuli by adults with autism during a perceptual learning task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39, 765–775.CrossRefPubMed Plaisted, K. C., O’Riordan, M. A., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1998). Enhanced discrimination of novel highly similar stimuli by adults with autism during a perceptual learning task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39, 765–775.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Poncet, M., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2014). Stimulus duration and diversity do not reverse the advantage for superordinate-level representations: The animal is seen before the bird. European Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 1508–1516.CrossRef Poncet, M., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2014). Stimulus duration and diversity do not reverse the advantage for superordinate-level representations: The animal is seen before the bird. European Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 1508–1516.CrossRef
go back to reference R Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. ISBN: 3-900051-07-0. R Core Team. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. ISBN: 3-900051-07-0.
go back to reference Rosch, E., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M., & Boyes-Braem, P. (1976). Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 382–439.CrossRef Rosch, E., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M., & Boyes-Braem, P. (1976). Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 382–439.CrossRef
go back to reference Rousselet, G., Joubert, O., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2005). How long to get to the ‘gist’ of real world natural scenes? Visual Cognition, 12, 852–877.CrossRef Rousselet, G., Joubert, O., & Fabre-Thorpe, M. (2005). How long to get to the ‘gist’ of real world natural scenes? Visual Cognition, 12, 852–877.CrossRef
go back to reference Sattler, J. M. (2001). Assessment of children: Cognitive applications (4th ed.). San Diego, CA: Jerome M. Sattler. Sattler, J. M. (2001). Assessment of children: Cognitive applications (4th ed.). San Diego, CA: Jerome M. Sattler.
go back to reference Schneider, D., Slaughter, V. P., Bayliss, A. P., & Dux, P. E. (2013). A temporally sustained implicit theory of mind deficit in autism spectrum disorders. Cognition, 129, 410–417.CrossRefPubMed Schneider, D., Slaughter, V. P., Bayliss, A. P., & Dux, P. E. (2013). A temporally sustained implicit theory of mind deficit in autism spectrum disorders. Cognition, 129, 410–417.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Scholte, E., & Noens, I. (2011). BRIEF-A. Vragenlijst over executieve functies bij volwassenen. Amsterdam: Hogrefe Uitgevers B.V. Scholte, E., & Noens, I. (2011). BRIEF-A. Vragenlijst over executieve functies bij volwassenen. Amsterdam: Hogrefe Uitgevers B.V.
go back to reference Schwarz, G. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6, 461–466.CrossRef Schwarz, G. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6, 461–466.CrossRef
go back to reference Schyns, P. G., & Oliva, A. (1994). From blobs to boundary edges: Evidence for time- and spatial-scale-dependent scene recognition. Psychological Science, 5, 195–200.CrossRef Schyns, P. G., & Oliva, A. (1994). From blobs to boundary edges: Evidence for time- and spatial-scale-dependent scene recognition. Psychological Science, 5, 195–200.CrossRef
go back to reference Seltzer, M. M., Shattuck, P., Abbeduto, L., & Greenberg, J. S. (2004). Trajectory of development in adolescents and adults with autism. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 10, 234–247.CrossRefPubMed Seltzer, M. M., Shattuck, P., Abbeduto, L., & Greenberg, J. S. (2004). Trajectory of development in adolescents and adults with autism. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 10, 234–247.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Senju, A., Southgate, V., Miura, Y., Matsui, T., Hasegawa, T., Tojo, Y., et al. (2010). Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 353–360.CrossRefPubMed Senju, A., Southgate, V., Miura, Y., Matsui, T., Hasegawa, T., Tojo, Y., et al. (2010). Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 353–360.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Simmons, D. R., Robertson, A. E., McKay, L. S., Toal, E., McAleer, P., & Pollick, F. E. (2009). Vision in autism spectrum disorders. Vision Research, 49, 2705–2739.CrossRefPubMed Simmons, D. R., Robertson, A. E., McKay, L. S., Toal, E., McAleer, P., & Pollick, F. E. (2009). Vision in autism spectrum disorders. Vision Research, 49, 2705–2739.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S. J., Ursu, S., Ravizza, S., Cummings, N., Ly, S., et al. (2009). The neural substrates of cognitive control deficits in autism spectrum disorders. Neuropsychologia, 47, 2515–2526.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S. J., Ursu, S., Ravizza, S., Cummings, N., Ly, S., et al. (2009). The neural substrates of cognitive control deficits in autism spectrum disorders. Neuropsychologia, 47, 2515–2526.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
go back to reference South, M., Ozonoff, S., & McMahon, W. M. (2007). The relationship between executive functioning, central coherence, and repetitive behaviors in the high-functioning autism spectrum. Autism, 11, 437–451.CrossRefPubMed South, M., Ozonoff, S., & McMahon, W. M. (2007). The relationship between executive functioning, central coherence, and repetitive behaviors in the high-functioning autism spectrum. Autism, 11, 437–451.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Spek, A. A., Scholte, E. M., & Van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. (2011). Local information processing in adults with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: The usefulness of neuropsychological tests and self-reports. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 859–869.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Spek, A. A., Scholte, E. M., & Van Berckelaer-Onnes, I. A. (2011). Local information processing in adults with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: The usefulness of neuropsychological tests and self-reports. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 859–869.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C. (1996). Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature, 381, 520–522.CrossRefPubMed Thorpe, S., Fize, D., & Marlot, C. (1996). Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature, 381, 520–522.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Tyler, L. K., Stamatakis, E., Bright, P., Acres, K., Abdallah, S., Rodd, J. M., et al. (2004). Processing objects at different levels of specificity. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 351–362. Tyler, L. K., Stamatakis, E., Bright, P., Acres, K., Abdallah, S., Rodd, J. M., et al. (2004). Processing objects at different levels of specificity. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 351–362.
go back to reference Uljarevic, M., & Hamilton, A. (2013). Recognition of emotions in autism: A formal meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 1517–1526.CrossRefPubMed Uljarevic, M., & Hamilton, A. (2013). Recognition of emotions in autism: A formal meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 1517–1526.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Van der Hallen, R., Evers, K., Brewaeys, K., Van Den Noortgate, W., & Wagemans, J. (2015). Global processing takes time: A meta-analysis on local-global visual processing in ASD. Psychological Bulletin, 141, 549–573. doi:10.1037/bul0000004.CrossRefPubMed Van der Hallen, R., Evers, K., Brewaeys, K., Van Den Noortgate, W., & Wagemans, J. (2015). Global processing takes time: A meta-analysis on local-global visual processing in ASD. Psychological Bulletin, 141, 549–573. doi:10.​1037/​bul0000004.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Van Ravenzwaaij, D., Brown, S., & Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2011). An integrated perspective on the relation between response speed and intelligence. Cognition, 119, 381–393.CrossRefPubMed Van Ravenzwaaij, D., Brown, S., & Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2011). An integrated perspective on the relation between response speed and intelligence. Cognition, 119, 381–393.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Vanmarcke, S., & Wagemans, J. (2015). Rapid gist perception of meaningful real-life scenes: Exploring individual and gender differences in multiple categorization tasks. i-Perception, 6, 17–38. doi:10.1068/i0682.CrossRef Vanmarcke, S., & Wagemans, J. (2015). Rapid gist perception of meaningful real-life scenes: Exploring individual and gender differences in multiple categorization tasks. i-Perception, 6, 17–38. doi:10.​1068/​i0682.CrossRef
go back to reference VanRullen, R., & Thorpe, S. J. (2001). Is it a bird? Is it a plane? Ultra-rapid visual categorisation of natural and artifactual objects. Perception, 30, 655–668.CrossRefPubMed VanRullen, R., & Thorpe, S. J. (2001). Is it a bird? Is it a plane? Ultra-rapid visual categorisation of natural and artifactual objects. Perception, 30, 655–668.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2009). Methodological and empirical developments for the Ratcliff diffusion model of response times and accuracy. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 114, 830–841. Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2009). Methodological and empirical developments for the Ratcliff diffusion model of response times and accuracy. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 114, 830–841.
go back to reference Wald, A. (1943). Tests of statistical hypotheses concerning several parameters when the number of observations is large. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 54, 426–482.CrossRef Wald, A. (1943). Tests of statistical hypotheses concerning several parameters when the number of observations is large. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 54, 426–482.CrossRef
go back to reference Wallace, G. L., Case, L. K., Harms, M. B., Silvers, J. A., Kenworthy, L., & Martin, A. (2011). Diminished sensitivity to sad facial expressions in high functioning autism spectrum disorders is associated with symptomatology and adaptive functioning. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 1475–1486. doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1170-0.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Wallace, G. L., Case, L. K., Harms, M. B., Silvers, J. A., Kenworthy, L., & Martin, A. (2011). Diminished sensitivity to sad facial expressions in high functioning autism spectrum disorders is associated with symptomatology and adaptive functioning. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 1475–1486. doi:10.​1007/​s10803-010-1170-0.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler adult intelligence scale (3rd ed.). San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation. Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler adult intelligence scale (3rd ed.). San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation.
go back to reference Wheelwright, S., Baron-Cohen, S., Goldenfeld, N., Delaney, J., Fine, D., Smith, R., et al. (2006). Predicting autism spectrum quotient (AQ) from the systemizing quotient-revised (SQ-R) and empathy quotient (EQ). Brain Research, 1079, 47–56.CrossRefPubMed Wheelwright, S., Baron-Cohen, S., Goldenfeld, N., Delaney, J., Fine, D., Smith, R., et al. (2006). Predicting autism spectrum quotient (AQ) from the systemizing quotient-revised (SQ-R) and empathy quotient (EQ). Brain Research, 1079, 47–56.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wichmann, F. A., Braun, D. I., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2006). Phase noise and the classification of natural images. Vision Research, 46, 1520–1529.CrossRefPubMed Wichmann, F. A., Braun, D. I., & Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2006). Phase noise and the classification of natural images. Vision Research, 46, 1520–1529.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Zilbovicius, M., Meresse, I., Chabane, N., Brunelle, F., Samson, Y., & Boddaert, N. (2006). Autism, the superior temporal sulcus and social perception. Trends in Neurosciences, 29, 359–366.CrossRefPubMed Zilbovicius, M., Meresse, I., Chabane, N., Brunelle, F., Samson, Y., & Boddaert, N. (2006). Autism, the superior temporal sulcus and social perception. Trends in Neurosciences, 29, 359–366.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Ultra-Rapid Categorization of Meaningful Real-Life Scenes in Adults With and Without ASD
Auteurs
Steven Vanmarcke
Ruth Van Der Hallen
Kris Evers
Ilse Noens
Jean Steyaert
Johan Wagemans
Publicatiedatum
09-09-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 2/2016
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2583-6

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2016

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2/2016 Naar de uitgave