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29-09-2015 | Original Article

The Interactive Effects of the Capability for Suicide and Major Depressive Episodes on Suicidal Behavior in a Military Sample

Auteurs: Carol Chu, Matthew C. Podlogar, Christopher R. Hagan, Jennifer M. Buchman-Schmitt, Caroline Silva, Bruno Chiurliza, Jennifer L. Hames, Ian H. Stanley, Ingrid C. Lim, Thomas E. Joiner

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 1/2016

Abstract

Major depressive symptoms are associated with increased risk for suicidal ideation and behavior. Suicide is fearsome; as such, the interpersonal theory of suicide proposes that individuals who engage in suicidal behavior possess not only the desire to die, but also the acquired capability (AC) for suicide. This study examined whether major depressive episodes (MDEs) may be particularly relevant to suicidal behavior when considered in the context of AC. History of MDEs, AC, and suicide attempt history were examined in a large (n = 3377) sample of military members. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results indicated that among individuals with high AC, the number of MDEs was significantly, positively associated with number of previous suicide attempts; MDEs were not significantly related to suicide attempt history among individuals with low AC. Findings held in the presence of robust covariates associated with suicidal behavior. Findings suggest that a history of MDEs alone may not indicate severe suicide risk—increased AC for suicide appears necessary for increased suicide risk. Implications for suicide treatment and prevention in military personnel are discussed.

vorige artikel Support Systems: How Post-Deployment Support Impacts Suicide Risk Factors in the United States Army National Guard

volgende artikel Thwarted Belongingness Mediates the Relationship Between Fear of Negative Evaluation and Suicidal Ideation

Given previous research indicating strong internal consistency (Joiner et al. 2002; Ribeiro et al. 2012), a moderate alpha coefficient is notable. The lower alpha in the given sample may suggest an underreporting of suicide symptom severity (Nock et al. 2008).

Given that suicide attempt history may be treated as a count variable, we examined our data using poisson regression. In this model, the predictors (acquired capability, MDEs, and their interaction), the criterion variable (suicide attempt history), and covariates were entered. The results from the poisson regression supported our findings: significant effects of acquired capability, MDEs, and their interaction were found (all p < 0.001). However, the goodness-of-fit Chi-squared test was statistically significant, which suggests that the poisson regression results do not fit our data well (Deviance = 123.99, df = 3289, p = 0.038). Thus, multiple regression was selected to characterize the relationship between study variables.

Levels of acquired capability are traditionally higher among military personnel (Bryan et al. 2010). Thus, the interaction was probed at 1.5 SD to capture individuals with lower and higher levels of acquired capability. Notably, interactions were probed at 1 SD, and the pattern of results was the same, such that the simple effect of number of MDEs on suicide attempt history was greater at high levels of acquired capability.

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Titel: The Interactive Effects of the Capability for Suicide and Major Depressive Episodes on Suicidal Behavior in a Military Sample
Auteurs: Carol Chu
Matthew C. Podlogar
Christopher R. Hagan
Jennifer M. Buchman-Schmitt
Caroline Silva
Bruno Chiurliza
Jennifer L. Hames
Ian H. Stanley
Ingrid C. Lim
Thomas E. Joiner
Publicatiedatum: 29-09-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9727-z

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