Top

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

01-03-2013 | Original paper

The Impact of Parenting Stress: A Meta-analysis of Studies Comparing the Experience of Parenting Stress in Parents of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Auteurs: Stephanie A. Hayes, Shelley L. Watson

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 3/2013

Abstract

Researchers commonly report that families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience more parenting stress than families of typically developing (TD) children or those diagnosed with other disabilities [e.g., Down syndrome (DS), cerebral palsy, intellectual disability]. The authors reexamined the research using comparison groups to investigate parenting stress and conducted a meta-analysis to pool results across studies. The experience of stress in families of children with ASD versus families of TD children resulted in a large effect size. Comparisons between families of children of ASD and families with other disabilities also generated a large effect size however, this result should be interpreted with caution as it may be associated with the specific experience of parenting a child with DS.

vorige artikel Emotional Resonance Deficits in Autistic Children

volgende artikel Reliability and Validity of Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, Japanese Version

References marked with an asterisk (*) indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.

Abbeduto, L., Seltzer, M. M., Shattuck, P., Krauss, M. W., Orsmond, G., & Murphy, M. M. (2004). Psychological well-being and coping in mothers of youths with autism, down syndrome, or fragile X syndrome. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 109(3), 237–254.PubMedCrossRef

Abidin, R. R. (1983). Parenting Stress Index-manual. Charlottesville, VA: Pediatric Psychology Press.

Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting stress index third edition: Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

Bayat, M. (2007). Evidence of resilience in families of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 702–714.PubMedCrossRef

Bebko, J. M., Konstantareas, M. M., & Springer, J. (1987). Parent and professional evaluations of family stress associated with characteristics of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 17, 565–576.PubMedCrossRef

Benson, P. R., & Karlof, K. L. (2009). Anger, stress proliferation, and depressed mood among parents of children with ASD: A longitudinal replication. Journal of Autism Developmental Disorders, 39, 350–362.CrossRef

Blacher, J., & Baker, B. L. (2007). Positive impact of intellectual disability on families. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 112(5), 330–348.PubMedCrossRef

*Blacher, J., & McIntyre, L. L. (2006). Syndrome specificity and behavioral disorders in young adults with intellectual disability: Cultural differences in family impact. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50, 184–198.PubMedCrossRef

Borenstein, M., Hedges, L., & Rothstein, H. (2007). Introduction to meta-analysis. Retrieved from www.meta-analysis.com.

*Bouma, R., & Schweitzer, R. (1990). The impact of chronic childhood illness on family stress: A comparison between autism and cystic fibrosis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46, 722–730.PubMedCrossRef

*Brobst, J. B., Clopton, J. R., & Hendrick, S. S. (2009). Parenting children with autism spectrum disorders: The couple’s relationship. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 24(1), 38–49.CrossRef

Cameron, S. J., Dobson, L. A., & Day, D. M. (1991). Stress in parents of developmentally delayed and non-delayed preschool children. Canada’s Mental Health, 39(1), 13–17.

Carpenter, B. N., & Steffen, P. R. (2004). Stress. In L. J. Haas (Ed.), Handbook of primary care psychology (pp. 563–577). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159.PubMedCrossRef

Dabrowska, A., & Pisula, E. (2010). Parenting stress and coping styles in mothers and fathers of pre-school children with autism and Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54, 266–280.PubMedCrossRef

Davis, N. O., & Carter, A. S. (2008). Parenting stress in mothers and fathers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: Associations with child characteristics. Journal of Autism Developmental Disorders, 38, 1278–1291.CrossRef

Deater-Deckard, K. (1998). Parenting stress and child adjustment: Some old hypotheses and new questions. Clinical Psychology, Science and Practice, 5, 314–332.CrossRef

Donenberg, G., & Baker, B. L. (1993). The impact of young children with externalizing behaviors on their families. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21(2), 178–198.CrossRef

Dumas, J. E., Wolf, L. C., Fisman, S. N., & Culligan, A. (1991). Parenting stress, child behavior problems, and dysphoria in parents of children with autism, Down syndrome, behavior disorders, and normal development. Exceptionality, 2(2), 97–110.CrossRef

Dykens, E. M. (2006). Toward a positive psychology of mental retardation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76, 185–193.PubMedCrossRef

Dykens, E. M., & Hodapp, R. M. (2001). Research in mental retardation: Toward an etiologic approach. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42(1), 49–71.PubMedCrossRef

*Eisenhower, A. S., Baker, B. L., & Blacher, J. (2005). Preschool children with intellectual disability: Syndrome specificity, behaviour problems, and maternal well-being. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 657–671.PubMedCrossRef

Ekas, N., & Whitman, T. L. (2010). Autism symptom topography and maternal socioemotional functioning. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 115(3), 234–249.PubMedCrossRef

Esbensen, A. J., & Seltzer, M. M. (2011). Accounting for the “Down syndrome advantage”. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 116(1), 3–15.PubMedCrossRef

*Estes, A., Munson, J., Dawson, G., Koehler, E., Zhou, X., & Abbott, R. (2009). Parenting stress and psychological functioning among mothers of preschool children with autism and developmental delay. Autism, 13, 375–387.PubMedCrossRef

Fedele, D. A., Grant, D. M., Wolfe-Christensen, C., Mullins, L. L., & Ryan, J. L. (2010). An examination of the factor structure of parenting capacity measures in chronic illness populations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 1083–1092.PubMedCrossRef

Field, A. P., & Gillett, R. (2009). How to do a meta-analysis. Retrieved from http://www.statisticshell.com/meta_analysis/How_To_Do_Meta-Analysis.html.

Field, A. P., & Gillett, R. (2010). How to do a meta-analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 63, 665–694.PubMedCrossRef

Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 150–170.PubMedCrossRef

Friedrich, W. N., Greenberg, M. T., & Crnic, K. (1983). A short form of the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 88, 41–48.PubMed

Gabriels, R. L., Cuccaro, M. L., Hill, D. E., Ivers, B. J., & Goldson, E. (2005). Repetitive behaviors in autism: Relationships with associated clinical features. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 26, 169–181.PubMedCrossRef

Gerstein, E. D., Crnic, K. A., Blacher, J., & Baker, B. L. (2009). Resilience and the course of daily parenting stress in families of young children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53, 981–997.PubMedCrossRef

*Griffith, G. M., Hastings, R. P., Nash, S., & Hill, C. (2010). Using matched groups to explore child behavior problems and maternal well-being in children with Down syndrome and autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 610–619.PubMedCrossRef

*Guess, P. E. (1996). Parental perceptions of stress and coping: Families of preschoolers with and without disabilities (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 9823088).

Gupta, V. B. (2007). Comparison of parenting stress in different developmental disabilities. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 19, 417–425.CrossRef

*Hamlyn-Wright, S., Draghi-Lorenz, R., & Ellis, J. (2007). Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder. Autism, 11, 489–501.PubMedCrossRef

Hastings, R. P., Allen, R., McDermott, K., & Still, D. (2002). Factors related to positive perceptions in mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15, 269–275.CrossRef

Hastings, R. P., Daley, D., Burns, C., & Beck, A. (2006). Maternal distress and expressed emotion: Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with behavior problems of children with intellectual disabilities. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 111(1), 48–61.PubMedCrossRef

Hastings, R. P., Kovshoff, H., Ward, N. J., Espinosa, F. D., Brown, T., & Remington, B. (2005). Systems analysis of stress and positive perceptions in mothers and fathers of pre-school children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 635–644.PubMedCrossRef

Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc.

Hedges, L. V., & Vevea, J. L. (1998). Fixed- and random-effects models in meta-analysis. Psychological Methods, 3, 486–504.CrossRef

Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 21, 1539–1558.PubMedCrossRef

Hodapp, R. M., Fidler, D. J., & Smith, A. C. (1998). Stress and coping in families of children with Smith-Magenis Syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 42, 331–340.PubMedCrossRef

*Hoffman, C. D., Sweeney, D. P., Hodge, D., Lopez-Wagner, M. C., & Looney, L. (2009). Parenting stress and closeness: Mothers of typically developing children and mothers of children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 24(3), 178–787.CrossRef

Holroyd, J. (1974). The Questionnaire on Resources and Stress: An instrument to measure family response to a handicapped family member. Journal of Community Psychology, 2, 92–94.CrossRef

Holroyd, J. (1987). Questionnaire on Resources and Stress for families with chronically ill or handicapped members. Brandon, VT: Clinical Psychology Publishing Company, Inc.

Holroyd, J. (1988). A review of criterion validation research on the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress for families with chronically ill or handicapped members. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44, 335–354.PubMedCrossRef

Honey, E., Hastings, R. P., & McConachie, H. (2005). Use of the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress (QRS-F) with parents of young children with autism. Autism, 9, 246–255.PubMedCrossRef

Huedo-Medina, T., Sanchez-Meca, J., Marin-Martinez, F., & Botella, J. (2006). Assessing heterogeneity in metaanalysis: Q statistic or I² index? Center for Health, Intervention, and Prevention Documents. Paper 19. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/chip_docs/19.

Kasari, C., & Sigman, M. (1997). Linking parental perceptions to interactions in young children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27(1), 39–57.PubMedCrossRef

Kayfitz, A. D., Gragg, M. N., & Orr, R. R. (2010). Positive experiences of mothers and fathers of children with autism. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 337–343.CrossRef

Kim, J. A., Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Streiner, D. L., & Wilson, F. J. (2000). The prevalence of anxiety and mood problems among children with autism and Asperger syndrome. Autism, 4(2), 117–132.CrossRef

Koegel, R. L., Schreibman, L., Loos, L. M., Dirlich-Wilhelm, H., Dunalp, G., Robbins, F. R., et al. (1992). Consistent stress profiles in mothers of children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 205–216.PubMedCrossRef

Konstantareas, M. M., Homatidis, S., & Plowright, C. M. S. (1992). Assessing resources and stress in parents of severely dysfunctional children through the Clarke modification of Holroyd’s Questionnaire on Resources and Stress. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 217–234.PubMedCrossRef

Lecavalier, L., Leone, S., & Wiltz, J. (2006). The impact of behaviour problems on caregiver stress in young people with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50, 172–183.PubMedCrossRef

*Lee, G. K., Lopata, C., Volker, M. A., Thomeer, M. L., Nida, R. E., Toomey, J. A., et al. (2009). Health-related quality of life of parents of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 24(4), 227–239.CrossRef

Leyfer, O. T., Folstein, S. E., Bacalman, S., Davis, N. O., Dinh, E., Morgan, J., et al. (2006). Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: Interview development and rates of disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 849–861.PubMedCrossRef

Loyd, B. H., & Abidin, R. R. (1985). Revision of the parenting stress index. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 10(2), 169–177.PubMedCrossRef

*Markham, E. V. (2000). Parenting stress in a clinical sample: Assessment and implications (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3000484).

Mayes, S. D., Calhoun, S. L., Murray, M. J., Ahuja, M., & Smith, L. A. (2011). Anxiety, depression, and irritability in children with autism relative to other neuropsychiatric disorders and typical development. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 474–485.CrossRef

Minnes, P. (1988). Family stress associated with a developmentally handicapped child. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 15, 195–226.CrossRef

Pisula, E. (2003). Parents of children with autism—review of current research. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 5(4), 51–63.

Pisula, E. (2007). A comparative study of stress profiles in mothers of children with autism and those of children with Down’s syndrome. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20, 274–278.CrossRef

Quintero, N., & McIntyre, L. L. (2010). Sibling adjustment and maternal well-being: An examination of families with and without an autism spectrum disorder. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 25(1), 37–46.PubMed

*Rao, P. A., & Beidel, D. C. (2009). The impact of children with high-functioning autism on parental stress, sibling adjustment, and family functioning. Behavior Modification, 33(4), 437–451.PubMedCrossRef

*Richardson, L. L. (2010). The relationship of repetitive behavior and sensory behavior to parenting stress in mothers of boys with autism and mothers of boys with fragile X syndrome. (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3402825).

Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta-analysis: A review. Psychosomatic Medicine, 53, 247–271.PubMed

Rosenthal, R. (1995). Writing meta-analytic reviews. Psychological Bulletin, 118(2), 183–192.CrossRef

Sanders, J. L., & Morgan, S. B. (1997). Family stress and adjustment as perceived by parents of children with autism or Down syndrome: Implications for intervention. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 19(4), 15–32.CrossRef

Scorgie, K., & Sobsey, D. (2000). Transformational outcomes associated with parenting children who have disabilities. Mental Retardation, 38(3), 195–206.PubMedCrossRef

Scott, R. L., Thompson, B., & Sexton, D. (1989). Structure of a short form of the Questionnaire on Resources and Stress: A bootstrap factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 49, 409–419.CrossRef

Seligman, M., & Darling, R. B. (2007). Ordinary families, special children: A systems approach to childhood disability (3rd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Seltzer, M. M., Abbeduto, L., Krauss, M. W., Greenberg, J., & Swe, A. (2004). Comparison groups in autism family research: Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and schizophrenia. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(1), 41–48.PubMedCrossRef

Sexton, D., Burrell, B., Thompson, B., & Sharpton, W. R. (1992). Measuring stress in families of children with disabilities. Early Education and Development, 3(1), 60–66.CrossRef

Sheras, P. R., Abidin, R. R., & Konaold, T. R. (1998). Stress index for parents of adolescents. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Charman, T., Chandler, S., Loucas, T., & Baird, G. (2008). Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: Prevalence, comorbidity, and associated factors in a population-derived sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 921–929.PubMedCrossRef

Singer, G. H. S. (2006). Meta-analysis of comparative studies of depression in mothers of children with and without developmental disabilities. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 111(3), 155–169.PubMedCrossRef

Sloman, L., & Konstantareas, M. M. (1990). Why families of children with biological deficits require a systems approach. Family Processes, 29, 417–429.CrossRef

Stainton, T., & Besser, H. (1998). The positive impact of children with an intellectual disability on the family. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 23(1), 57–70.CrossRef

Sutton, A. J., & Higgins, J. P. T. (2008). Recent developments in meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 27, 625–650.PubMedCrossRef

Taunt, H. M., & Hastings, R. P. (2002). Positive impact of children with developmental disabilities on their families: A preliminary study. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 37, 410–420.

Tomanik, S., Harris, G. E., & Hawkins, J. (2004). The relationship between behaviours exhibited by children with autism and maternal stress. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 29(1), 16–26.CrossRef

Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., Emerson, E., Lancaster, G. A., & Berridge, D. M. (2011). A population-based investigation of behavioural and emotional problems and maternal mental health: Associations with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(1), 91–99.PubMedCrossRef

*Watson, S. L., Coons, K., & Hayes, S. A. (2012). Autism and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Part I: A comparison of parenting stress. (Manuscript submitted for publication).

Watson, S. L., Hayes, S. A., & Radford-Paz, E. (2011). ‘Diagnose me please!’: A review of research about the journey and initial impact of parents seeking a diagnosis of developmental disability for their child. International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, 41, 31–72.CrossRef

Webster-Stratton, C. (1990). Stress: A potential disruptor of parent perceptions and family interactions. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 302–312.CrossRef

*Wolf, L. C., Noh, S., Fisman, S. N., & Speechley, M. (1989). Psychological effects of parenting stress on parents of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19(1), 157–166.PubMedCrossRef

Ylvén, R., Björck-Åkesson, E., & Granlund, M. (2006). Literature review of positive functioning with children with a disability. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 3(4), 253–270.CrossRef

Zaidman-Zait, A., Mirenda, P., Zumbo, B. D., Wellington, S., Dua, V., & Kalynchuk, K. (2010). An item response theory analysis of the parenting stress index-short form with parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 1269–1277.CrossRef

Titel: The Impact of Parenting Stress: A Meta-analysis of Studies Comparing the Experience of Parenting Stress in Parents of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Auteurs: Stephanie A. Hayes
Shelley L. Watson
Publicatiedatum: 01-03-2013
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1604-y

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2013

Potential Ramifications of DSM-5 Classification of Autistic Disorders: Comments from a Clinician’s Perspective

Letter

The Effects of Covert Audio Coaching on Teaching Clerical Skills to Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Original Paper

Asperger Syndrome in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide for Clinicians

Book Review

Parents’ Perspectives on Participating in Genetic Research in Autism

Are the Autism and Positive Schizotypy Spectra Diametrically Opposed in Empathizing and Systemizing?

Original Paper

E. K. Farran and A. Karmiloff-Smith: Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan: A Neuroconstructivist Approach

Book Review