Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 4/2008

01-04-2008 | Original Paper

Spontaneity of Communication in Individuals with Autism

Auteurs: Hsu-Min Chiang, Mark Carter

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 4/2008

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

This article provides an examination of issues related to spontaneity of communication in children with autism. Deficits relating to spontaneity or initiation are frequently reported in individuals with autism, particularly in relation to communication and social behavior. Nevertheless, spontaneity is not necessarily clearly conceptualized or measured. Several approaches to conceptualization of communicative spontaneity are examined with a particular focus on the continuum model and how it might be practically applied. A range of possible explanations for deficits in spontaneity of communication in children with autism is subsequently explored, including external factors (highly structured teaching programs, failure to systematically instruct for spontaneity) and intrinsic characteristics (intellectual disability, stimulus overselectivity, weak central coherence). Possible implications for future research are presented.
Literatuur
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3-TR ed.). Washington, DC: Author. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3-TR ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
go back to reference Bailey, S. L. (1981). Stimulus overselectivity in learning disabled children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 239–248.PubMedCrossRef Bailey, S. L. (1981). Stimulus overselectivity in learning disabled children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 239–248.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Basil, C. (1992). Social interaction and learned helplessness in severely disabled children. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 8, 188–199.CrossRef Basil, C. (1992). Social interaction and learned helplessness in severely disabled children. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 8, 188–199.CrossRef
go back to reference Bernard-Opitz, V. (1982). Pragmatic analysis of the communicative behavior of an autistic child. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 47, 99–109.PubMed Bernard-Opitz, V. (1982). Pragmatic analysis of the communicative behavior of an autistic child. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 47, 99–109.PubMed
go back to reference Boucher, J., & Lewis, V. (1990). Guessing or creating? A reply to Baron-Cohen. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8, 205–206. Boucher, J., & Lewis, V. (1990). Guessing or creating? A reply to Baron-Cohen. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8, 205–206.
go back to reference Burack, J. A. (1994). Selective attention deficits in persons with autism: Preliminary evidence of an inefficient attentional lens. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 535–543.PubMedCrossRef Burack, J. A. (1994). Selective attention deficits in persons with autism: Preliminary evidence of an inefficient attentional lens. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 535–543.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Carr, E. G., & Kologinsky, E. (1983). Acquisition of sign language by autistic children II: Spontaneity and generalization effects. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 16, 297–314.PubMedCrossRef Carr, E. G., & Kologinsky, E. (1983). Acquisition of sign language by autistic children II: Spontaneity and generalization effects. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 16, 297–314.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Carter, A. S., Davis, N. O., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2005). Social development in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 1: Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior, pp. 312–334). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Carter, A. S., Davis, N. O., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2005). Social development in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 1: Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior, pp. 312–334). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
go back to reference Carter, M. (1992). A review of naturalistic communication training strategies for persons with severe handicaps: Implications for the development of spontaneity. Australasian Journal of Special Education, 15, 17–31. Carter, M. (1992). A review of naturalistic communication training strategies for persons with severe handicaps: Implications for the development of spontaneity. Australasian Journal of Special Education, 15, 17–31.
go back to reference Carter, M. (2002). Communicative spontaneity in individuals with high support needs: An exploratory consideration of causation. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 49, 225–242.CrossRef Carter, M. (2002). Communicative spontaneity in individuals with high support needs: An exploratory consideration of causation. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 49, 225–242.CrossRef
go back to reference Carter, M. (2003a). Communicative spontaneity of children with high support needs who use augmentative and alternative communication systems I: Classroom spontaneity, mode, and function. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 141–154.CrossRef Carter, M. (2003a). Communicative spontaneity of children with high support needs who use augmentative and alternative communication systems I: Classroom spontaneity, mode, and function. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 141–154.CrossRef
go back to reference Carter, M. (2003b). Communicative spontaneity of children with high support needs who use augmentative and alternative communication systems II: Antecedents and effectiveness of communication. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 155–169.CrossRef Carter, M. (2003b). Communicative spontaneity of children with high support needs who use augmentative and alternative communication systems II: Antecedents and effectiveness of communication. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 155–169.CrossRef
go back to reference Carter, M., & Grunsell, J. (2001). The behavior chain interruption strategy: A review of research and discussion of future directions. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 26(1), 37–49.CrossRef Carter, M., & Grunsell, J. (2001). The behavior chain interruption strategy: A review of research and discussion of future directions. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 26(1), 37–49.CrossRef
go back to reference Carter, M., & Hotchkis, G. D. (2002). A conceptual analysis of communicative spontaneity. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27, 168–190.CrossRef Carter, M., & Hotchkis, G. D. (2002). A conceptual analysis of communicative spontaneity. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27, 168–190.CrossRef
go back to reference Carter, M., Hotchkis, G. D., & Cassar, M. C. (1996). Spontaneity of augmentative and alternative communication in persons with intellectual disabilities: Critical review. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 12, 97–109.CrossRef Carter, M., Hotchkis, G. D., & Cassar, M. C. (1996). Spontaneity of augmentative and alternative communication in persons with intellectual disabilities: Critical review. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 12, 97–109.CrossRef
go back to reference Charlop, M. H., & Haymes, L. K. (1994). Speech and language acquisition and intervention: Behavioral approaches. In J. L. Matson (Ed.), Autism in children and adults: Etiology, assessment, and intervention (pp. 213–240). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. Charlop, M. H., & Haymes, L. K. (1994). Speech and language acquisition and intervention: Behavioral approaches. In J. L. Matson (Ed.), Autism in children and adults: Etiology, assessment, and intervention (pp. 213–240). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
go back to reference Charlop, M. H., Schreibman, L., & Thibodeau, M., G. (1985). Increasing spontaneous verbal responding in autistic children using a time delay procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 155–166. Charlop, M. H., Schreibman, L., & Thibodeau, M., G. (1985). Increasing spontaneous verbal responding in autistic children using a time delay procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 155–166.
go back to reference Charlop, M. H., & Trasowech, J. E. (1991). Increasing autistic children’s daily spontaneous speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 747–761.PubMedCrossRef Charlop, M. H., & Trasowech, J. E. (1991). Increasing autistic children’s daily spontaneous speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 747–761.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Charlop, M. H., & Walsh, M. E. (1986). Increasing autistic children’s spontaneous verbalizations of affection: An assessment of time delay and peer modeling procedures. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 307–314.PubMedCrossRef Charlop, M. H., & Walsh, M. E. (1986). Increasing autistic children’s spontaneous verbalizations of affection: An assessment of time delay and peer modeling procedures. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 307–314.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Coe, D., Matson, J., Fee, V., Manikam, R., & Linarello, C. (1990). Training nonverbal and verbal play skills to mentally retarded and autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 177–187.PubMedCrossRef Coe, D., Matson, J., Fee, V., Manikam, R., & Linarello, C. (1990). Training nonverbal and verbal play skills to mentally retarded and autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 177–187.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cooper, J. O., Heward, W. L., & Heron, T. E. (1987). Applied behavior analysis. Columbus, OH: Merrill. Cooper, J. O., Heward, W. L., & Heron, T. E. (1987). Applied behavior analysis. Columbus, OH: Merrill.
go back to reference Dobbinson, S., Perkins, M., & Boucher, J. (2003). The interactional significance of formulas in autistic language. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 17, 299–307.PubMedCrossRef Dobbinson, S., Perkins, M., & Boucher, J. (2003). The interactional significance of formulas in autistic language. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 17, 299–307.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dunlap, G., Koegel, R. L., & Burke, J. C. (1981). Educational implications of stimulus overselectivity in autistic children. Exceptional Education Quarterly, 2, 37–49. Dunlap, G., Koegel, R. L., & Burke, J. C. (1981). Educational implications of stimulus overselectivity in autistic children. Exceptional Education Quarterly, 2, 37–49.
go back to reference Dyer, K. (1989). The effects of preference on spontaneous verbal quests in individuals with autism. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 14, 184–189. Dyer, K. (1989). The effects of preference on spontaneous verbal quests in individuals with autism. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 14, 184–189.
go back to reference Edelson, M. G. (2006). Are the majority of children with autism mentally retarded?. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 66–83.CrossRef Edelson, M. G. (2006). Are the majority of children with autism mentally retarded?. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 66–83.CrossRef
go back to reference Filipek, P. A., Accardo, P. J., Baranek, G. T., Cook, E. H., Dawson, G., Gordon, B., et al. (1999). The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 439–484.PubMedCrossRef Filipek, P. A., Accardo, P. J., Baranek, G. T., Cook, E. H., Dawson, G., Gordon, B., et al. (1999). The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 439–484.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Fombonne, E. (2003). The prevalence of autism. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 87–89.PubMedCrossRef Fombonne, E. (2003). The prevalence of autism. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 87–89.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Frost, L., & Bondy, A. (2002). The picture exchange communication system training manual (2nd ed.). Cherry Hill, NJ: Pyramid Educational Consultants. Frost, L., & Bondy, A. (2002). The picture exchange communication system training manual (2nd ed.). Cherry Hill, NJ: Pyramid Educational Consultants.
go back to reference Gersten, R. M. (1980). In search of the cognitive deficit in autism: Beyond the stimulus overselectivity model. Journal of Special Education, 14, 47–65.CrossRef Gersten, R. M. (1980). In search of the cognitive deficit in autism: Beyond the stimulus overselectivity model. Journal of Special Education, 14, 47–65.CrossRef
go back to reference Greenaway, R., & Plaisted, K. (2005). Top-down attentional modulation in autistic spectrum disorders is stimulus-specific. Psychological Science, 16, 987–993.PubMedCrossRef Greenaway, R., & Plaisted, K. (2005). Top-down attentional modulation in autistic spectrum disorders is stimulus-specific. Psychological Science, 16, 987–993.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Grunsell, J., & Carter, M. (2002). The behavior chain interruption strategy: Generalization to out-of-routine contexts. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 37, 378–390. Grunsell, J., & Carter, M. (2002). The behavior chain interruption strategy: Generalization to out-of-routine contexts. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 37, 378–390.
go back to reference Halle, J. W. (1987). Teaching language in the natural environment: An analysis of spontaneity. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 12, 28–37. Halle, J. W. (1987). Teaching language in the natural environment: An analysis of spontaneity. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 12, 28–37.
go back to reference Halle, J. W. (1989). Identifying stimuli in the natural environment that control verbal responses. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 54, 500–504.PubMed Halle, J. W. (1989). Identifying stimuli in the natural environment that control verbal responses. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 54, 500–504.PubMed
go back to reference Halle, J. W., Baer, D. M., & Spradlin, J. E. (1981). Teachers’ generalized use of delay as a stimulus control procedure to increase language use in handicapped children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 389–409.PubMedCrossRef Halle, J. W., Baer, D. M., & Spradlin, J. E. (1981). Teachers’ generalized use of delay as a stimulus control procedure to increase language use in handicapped children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 389–409.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Halle, J. W., Chadsey-Rusch, J., & Collet-Klingenberg, L. (1993). Applying contextual features of general case instruction and interactive routines to enhance communication skills. In R. A. Gable, & S. F. Warren (Eds.), Strategies for teaching students with mild to severe mental retardation (pp. 231–267). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Halle, J. W., Chadsey-Rusch, J., & Collet-Klingenberg, L. (1993). Applying contextual features of general case instruction and interactive routines to enhance communication skills. In R. A. Gable, & S. F. Warren (Eds.), Strategies for teaching students with mild to severe mental retardation (pp. 231–267). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Halle, J. W., & Holt, B. (1991). Assessing stimulus control in natural settings: An analysis of stimuli that acquire control during training. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 579–589.PubMedCrossRef Halle, J. W., & Holt, B. (1991). Assessing stimulus control in natural settings: An analysis of stimuli that acquire control during training. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 579–589.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2006). The weak coherence account: Detail-focused cognitive style in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 5–25.PubMedCrossRef Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2006). The weak coherence account: Detail-focused cognitive style in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 5–25.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Haring, N. G. (1988). Generalization for students with severe handicaps: Strategies and solutions. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. Haring, N. G. (1988). Generalization for students with severe handicaps: Strategies and solutions. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press.
go back to reference Hawkins, D. (1995). Spontaneous language use. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 43–51). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Hawkins, D. (1995). Spontaneous language use. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 43–51). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Hill, E. L., & Frith, U. (2003). Understanding autism: Insights from mind and brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 358, 281–289.PubMedCrossRef Hill, E. L., & Frith, U. (2003). Understanding autism: Insights from mind and brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 358, 281–289.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Howlin, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hadwin, J. (1999). Teaching children with autism to mind-read. New York: Wiley. Howlin, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hadwin, J. (1999). Teaching children with autism to mind-read. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Hoy, J. A., Hatton, C., & Hare, D. (2004). Weak central coherence: A cross-domain phenomenon specific to autism? Autism 8, 267–281.PubMedCrossRef Hoy, J. A., Hatton, C., & Hare, D. (2004). Weak central coherence: A cross-domain phenomenon specific to autism? Autism 8, 267–281.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hung, D. W. (1977). Generalization of “curiosity” questioning behavior in autistic children. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 8, 237–245.CrossRef Hung, D. W. (1977). Generalization of “curiosity” questioning behavior in autistic children. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 8, 237–245.CrossRef
go back to reference Ingenmey, R., & Van Houten, R. (1991). Using time delay to promote spontaneous speech in an autistic child. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 591–596.PubMedCrossRef Ingenmey, R., & Van Houten, R. (1991). Using time delay to promote spontaneous speech in an autistic child. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 591–596.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jarrold, C., Boucher, J., & Smith, P. K. (1996). Generativity defects in pretend play in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14, 275–300. Jarrold, C., Boucher, J., & Smith, P. K. (1996). Generativity defects in pretend play in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14, 275–300.
go back to reference Jarrold, C., & Russell, J. (1997). Counting abilities in autism: Possible implications for central coherence theory. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27, 25–37.PubMedCrossRef Jarrold, C., & Russell, J. (1997). Counting abilities in autism: Possible implications for central coherence theory. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27, 25–37.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jordan, R., & Powell, S. (1995). Understanding and teaching children with autism. New York: Wiley. Jordan, R., & Powell, S. (1995). Understanding and teaching children with autism. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Kaczmarek, L. A. (1990). Teaching spontaneous language to individuals with severe handicaps: A matrix model. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 15, 160–169. Kaczmarek, L. A. (1990). Teaching spontaneous language to individuals with severe handicaps: A matrix model. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 15, 160–169.
go back to reference Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250. Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.
go back to reference Kent, L. R. (1974). Language acquisition program for the severely retarded. Champaign, IL: Research Press. Kent, L. R. (1974). Language acquisition program for the severely retarded. Champaign, IL: Research Press.
go back to reference Koegel, L. K. (1995). Communication and language intervention. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 17–32). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Koegel, L. K. (1995). Communication and language intervention. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 17–32). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Koegel, L. K., Camarata, S. M., Valdez-Menchaca, M., & Koegel, R. L. (1998). Setting generalization of question-asking by children with autism. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 102, 346–357.PubMedCrossRef Koegel, L. K., Camarata, S. M., Valdez-Menchaca, M., & Koegel, R. L. (1998). Setting generalization of question-asking by children with autism. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 102, 346–357.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Koegel, R. L., & Mentis, M. (1985). Motivation in childhood autism: Can they or won’t they? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 185–191.PubMedCrossRef Koegel, R. L., & Mentis, M. (1985). Motivation in childhood autism: Can they or won’t they? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 185–191.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Koegel, R. L., O’Dell, M. C., & Koegel, L. K. (1987). A natural language teaching paradigm for nonverbal autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 17, 187–200.PubMedCrossRef Koegel, R. L., O’Dell, M. C., & Koegel, L. K. (1987). A natural language teaching paradigm for nonverbal autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 17, 187–200.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Krantz, P. J., & McClannahan, L. E. (1993). Teaching children with autism to initiate to peers: Effects of a script-fading procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26, 121–132.PubMedCrossRef Krantz, P. J., & McClannahan, L. E. (1993). Teaching children with autism to initiate to peers: Effects of a script-fading procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26, 121–132.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Laski, K. E., Charlop, M. H., & Schreibman, L. (1988). Training parents to use the natural language paradigm to increase their autistic children’s speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21, 391–400.PubMedCrossRef Laski, K. E., Charlop, M. H., & Schreibman, L. (1988). Training parents to use the natural language paradigm to increase their autistic children’s speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21, 391–400.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lewis, V., & Boucher, J. (1988). Spontaneous, instructed and elicited play in relatively able autistic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 6, 325–339. Lewis, V., & Boucher, J. (1988). Spontaneous, instructed and elicited play in relatively able autistic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 6, 325–339.
go back to reference Lewis, V., & Boucher, J. (1995). Generativity in the play of young people with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25, 105–121.PubMedCrossRef Lewis, V., & Boucher, J. (1995). Generativity in the play of young people with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25, 105–121.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Light, J. C., Roberts, B., Dimarco, R., & Greiner, N. (1998). Augmentative and alternative communication to support receptive and expressive communication for people with autism. Journal of Communication Disorders, 31, 153–180.PubMedCrossRef Light, J. C., Roberts, B., Dimarco, R., & Greiner, N. (1998). Augmentative and alternative communication to support receptive and expressive communication for people with autism. Journal of Communication Disorders, 31, 153–180.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Loncola, J. A., & Graig-Unkefer, L. (2005). Teaching social communication skills to young urban children with autism. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 40, 243–263. Loncola, J. A., & Graig-Unkefer, L. (2005). Teaching social communication skills to young urban children with autism. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, 40, 243–263.
go back to reference Lovaas, O., Schreibman, L., Koegel, R., & Rehm, R. (1971). Selective responding by autistic children to multiple sensory input. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 211–222.PubMedCrossRef Lovaas, O., Schreibman, L., Koegel, R., & Rehm, R. (1971). Selective responding by autistic children to multiple sensory input. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 211–222.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lovaas, O. I. (1977). The autistic child: Language development through behavior modification. New York: Irvington. Lovaas, O. I. (1977). The autistic child: Language development through behavior modification. New York: Irvington.
go back to reference Matson, J. L., Sevin, J. A., Box, M. L., & Francis, K. L. (1993). An evaluation of two methods for increasing self-initiated verbalization in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26, 389–398.PubMedCrossRef Matson, J. L., Sevin, J. A., Box, M. L., & Francis, K. L. (1993). An evaluation of two methods for increasing self-initiated verbalization in autistic children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26, 389–398.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Matson, J. L., Sevin, J. A., Fridley, D., & Love, S. R. (1990). Increasing spontaneous language in three autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 479–497.CrossRef Matson, J. L., Sevin, J. A., Fridley, D., & Love, S. R. (1990). Increasing spontaneous language in three autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 479–497.CrossRef
go back to reference Matthews, B. (1994). Stimulus overselectivity, stimulus generalization, and visual context in adults with autism. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Flinders University of South Australia, Australia. Matthews, B. (1994). Stimulus overselectivity, stimulus generalization, and visual context in adults with autism. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Flinders University of South Australia, Australia.
go back to reference Matthews, B., Shute, R., & Rees, R. (2001). An analysis of stimulus overselectivity in adults with autism. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 26, 161–176.CrossRef Matthews, B., Shute, R., & Rees, R. (2001). An analysis of stimulus overselectivity in adults with autism. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 26, 161–176.CrossRef
go back to reference McClannahan, L. E., & Krantz, P. J. (1997). In search of solutions to prompt dependence: Teaching children with autism to use photographic activity schedules. In D. M. Baer, & E. M. Pinkston (Eds.), Environment and behavior (pp. 271–278). Boulder, CO: Westview. McClannahan, L. E., & Krantz, P. J. (1997). In search of solutions to prompt dependence: Teaching children with autism to use photographic activity schedules. In D. M. Baer, & E. M. Pinkston (Eds.), Environment and behavior (pp. 271–278). Boulder, CO: Westview.
go back to reference McDonald, M. E., & Hemmes, N. S. (2003). Increases in social initiation toward an adolescent with autism: Reciprocity effects. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 24, 453–465.PubMedCrossRef McDonald, M. E., & Hemmes, N. S. (2003). Increases in social initiation toward an adolescent with autism: Reciprocity effects. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 24, 453–465.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Miller, J., & Weinert, R. (1998). Spontaneous spoken language: Syntax and discourse. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Miller, J., & Weinert, R. (1998). Spontaneous spoken language: Syntax and discourse. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
go back to reference Miller, J. F. (1981). Assessing language production in children: Experimental procedures. Baltimore: University Park Press. Miller, J. F. (1981). Assessing language production in children: Experimental procedures. Baltimore: University Park Press.
go back to reference Mirenda, P., & Santogrossi, J. (1985). A prompt-free strategy to teach pictorial communication system use. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 1, 143–150.CrossRef Mirenda, P., & Santogrossi, J. (1985). A prompt-free strategy to teach pictorial communication system use. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 1, 143–150.CrossRef
go back to reference Mundy, P., & Stella, J. (2000). Joint attention, social orienting, and nonverbal communication in autism. In A. M. Wetherby, & B. M. Prizant (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders: A transactional developmental perspective (pp. 55–77). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Mundy, P., & Stella, J. (2000). Joint attention, social orienting, and nonverbal communication in autism. In A. M. Wetherby, & B. M. Prizant (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders: A transactional developmental perspective (pp. 55–77). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Odom, S. L., & Strain, P. S. (1986). A comparison of peer-initiation and teacher-antecedent interventions for promoting reciprocal social interaction of autistic preschoolers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 59–71.PubMedCrossRef Odom, S. L., & Strain, P. S. (1986). A comparison of peer-initiation and teacher-antecedent interventions for promoting reciprocal social interaction of autistic preschoolers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 59–71.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Oke, N. J., & Schreibman, L. (1990). Training social initiations to a high functioning autistic child: Assessment of collateral behavior change and generalization in a case study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 479–497.PubMedCrossRef Oke, N. J., & Schreibman, L. (1990). Training social initiations to a high functioning autistic child: Assessment of collateral behavior change and generalization in a case study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 479–497.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Osterling, J. A., Dawson, G., & Munson, J. A. (2002). Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 239–251.PubMedCrossRef Osterling, J. A., Dawson, G., & Munson, J. A. (2002). Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 239–251.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Plaisted, K., Saksida, L., Alcantara, J., & Weisblatt, E. (2003). Towards an understanding of the mechanisms of weak central coherence effects: Experiments in visual configural learning and auditory perception. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1430, 375–386.CrossRef Plaisted, K., Saksida, L., Alcantara, J., & Weisblatt, E. (2003). Towards an understanding of the mechanisms of weak central coherence effects: Experiments in visual configural learning and auditory perception. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1430, 375–386.CrossRef
go back to reference Potter, C., & Whittaker, C. (2001). Enabling communication in children with autism. London: Jessica Kingsley. Potter, C., & Whittaker, C. (2001). Enabling communication in children with autism. London: Jessica Kingsley.
go back to reference Prizant, B. M., & Wetherby, A. M. (2005). Critical issues in enhancing communication abilities for persons with autism spectrum disorders. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 2. Assessment, Interventions, and Policy, pp. 925–945). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Prizant, B. M., & Wetherby, A. M. (2005). Critical issues in enhancing communication abilities for persons with autism spectrum disorders. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 2. Assessment, Interventions, and Policy, pp. 925–945). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
go back to reference Reichle, J. (1997). Communication intervention with persons who have severe disabilities. Journal of Special Education, 31, 110–136. Reichle, J. (1997). Communication intervention with persons who have severe disabilities. Journal of Special Education, 31, 110–136.
go back to reference Reichle, J., & Sigafoos, J. (1991). Establishing spontaneity and generalization. In J. Reichle, J. York, & J. Sigafoos (Eds.), Implementing augmentative and alternative communication: Strategies for learners with severe disabilities (pp. 157–192). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Reichle, J., & Sigafoos, J. (1991). Establishing spontaneity and generalization. In J. Reichle, J. York, & J. Sigafoos (Eds.), Implementing augmentative and alternative communication: Strategies for learners with severe disabilities (pp. 157–192). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Ricks, D. M., & Wing, L. (1975). Language, communication, and the use of symbols in normal and autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 5, 191–221.PubMedCrossRef Ricks, D. M., & Wing, L. (1975). Language, communication, and the use of symbols in normal and autistic children. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 5, 191–221.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rosenblatt, J., Bloom, P., & Koegel, R. L. (1995). Overselective responding. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 33–42). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. Rosenblatt, J., Bloom, P., & Koegel, R. L. (1995). Overselective responding. In R. L. Koegel, & L. K. Koegel (Eds.), Teaching children with autism: Strategies for initiating positive interactions and improving learning opportunities (pp. 33–42). Baltimore, MD: Brookes.
go back to reference Schover, L. R., & Newsom, C. D. (1976). Overselectivity, developmental level, and overtraining in autistic and normal children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 4, 289–298.PubMedCrossRef Schover, L. R., & Newsom, C. D. (1976). Overselectivity, developmental level, and overtraining in autistic and normal children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 4, 289–298.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schuler, A. L., Prizant, B. M., & Wetherby, A. M. (1997). Enhancing language and communication development: Prelinguistic approaches. In D. J. Cohen, & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (2nd ed., pp. 539–571). New York: Wiley. Schuler, A. L., Prizant, B. M., & Wetherby, A. M. (1997). Enhancing language and communication development: Prelinguistic approaches. In D. J. Cohen, & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (2nd ed., pp. 539–571). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Sigafoos, J., & Reichle, J. (1993). Establishing spontaneous verbal behavior. In R. A. Gable, & S. F. Warren (Eds.), Strategies for teaching students with mild to severe mental retardation (Vol. 5, pp. 191–230). London: Jessica Kingsley. Sigafoos, J., & Reichle, J. (1993). Establishing spontaneous verbal behavior. In R. A. Gable, & S. F. Warren (Eds.), Strategies for teaching students with mild to severe mental retardation (Vol. 5, pp. 191–230). London: Jessica Kingsley.
go back to reference Smeets, P. M., Hoogeveen, F. R., Striefel, S., & Lancioni, G. E. (1985). Stimulus overselectivity in TMR children: Establishing functional control of simultaneous multiple stimuli. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 5, 247–267.CrossRef Smeets, P. M., Hoogeveen, F. R., Striefel, S., & Lancioni, G. E. (1985). Stimulus overselectivity in TMR children: Establishing functional control of simultaneous multiple stimuli. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 5, 247–267.CrossRef
go back to reference Stickler, K. R. (1987). Guide to analysis of language transcripts. Eau Claire, WI: Thinking Publications. Stickler, K. R. (1987). Guide to analysis of language transcripts. Eau Claire, WI: Thinking Publications.
go back to reference Stokes, T. F., & Baer, D. M. (1977). An implicit technology of generalization. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 349–367.PubMedCrossRef Stokes, T. F., & Baer, D. M. (1977). An implicit technology of generalization. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 349–367.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Stone, W. L., & Caro-Martinez, L. M. (1990). Naturalistic observations of spontaneous communication in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 437–453.PubMedCrossRef Stone, W. L., & Caro-Martinez, L. M. (1990). Naturalistic observations of spontaneous communication in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 20, 437–453.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Strain, P. S., Kerr, M. M., & Ragland, E. U. (1979). Effects of peer-mediated social initiations and prompting/reinforcement procedures on the social behavior of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 41–54.PubMedCrossRef Strain, P. S., Kerr, M. M., & Ragland, E. U. (1979). Effects of peer-mediated social initiations and prompting/reinforcement procedures on the social behavior of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 41–54.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tager-Flusberg, H. (2000). The challenge of studying language development in children with autism. In L. Menn, & N. B. Ratner (Eds.), Methods for studying language production (pp. 313–332). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Tager-Flusberg, H. (2000). The challenge of studying language development in children with autism. In L. Menn, & N. B. Ratner (Eds.), Methods for studying language production (pp. 313–332). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Tager-Flusberg, H., Paul, R., & Lord, C. (2005). Language and communication in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 1. Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior, pp. 335–364). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Tager-Flusberg, H., Paul, R., & Lord, C. (2005). Language and communication in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (3rd ed., Vol. 1. Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior, pp. 335–364). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
go back to reference Taylor, B. A., & Harris, S. L. (1995). Teaching children with autism to seek information: Acquisition of novel information an generalization of responding. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28, 3–14.PubMedCrossRef Taylor, B. A., & Harris, S. L. (1995). Teaching children with autism to seek information: Acquisition of novel information an generalization of responding. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28, 3–14.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference van Lang, N. D. J., Bouma, A., Sytema, S., Kraijer, D. W., & Minderaa, R. B. (2006). A comparison of central coherence skills between adolescents with an intellectual disability with and without comorbid autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27, 217–226.PubMedCrossRef van Lang, N. D. J., Bouma, A., Sytema, S., Kraijer, D. W., & Minderaa, R. B. (2006). A comparison of central coherence skills between adolescents with an intellectual disability with and without comorbid autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27, 217–226.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Vig, S., & Jedrysek, E. (1999). Autistic features in young children with significant cognitive impairment: Autism or mental retardation? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 235–248.PubMedCrossRef Vig, S., & Jedrysek, E. (1999). Autistic features in young children with significant cognitive impairment: Autism or mental retardation? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 235–248.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Watson, L. R., Lord, C., Schaffer, B., & Schopler, E. (1989). Teaching spontaneous communication to autistic and developmentally handicapped children. New York: Irvington. Watson, L. R., Lord, C., Schaffer, B., & Schopler, E. (1989). Teaching spontaneous communication to autistic and developmentally handicapped children. New York: Irvington.
go back to reference Wetherby, A. M., Schuler, A. L., & Prizant, B. M. (1997). Enhancing language and communication development: Theoretical foundations. In D. J. Cohen, & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (2nd ed.,pp. 513–538). New York: Wiley. Wetherby, A. M., Schuler, A. L., & Prizant, B. M. (1997). Enhancing language and communication development: Theoretical foundations. In D. J. Cohen, & F. R. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (2nd ed.,pp. 513–538). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Zanolli, K. (1997). The environmental antecedents of spontaneous social behavior. In D. M. Baer, & E. M. Pinkston (Eds.), Environment and behavior (pp. 219–228). Boulder, CO Westview. Zanolli, K. (1997). The environmental antecedents of spontaneous social behavior. In D. M. Baer, & E. M. Pinkston (Eds.), Environment and behavior (pp. 219–228). Boulder, CO Westview.
Metagegevens
Titel
Spontaneity of Communication in Individuals with Autism
Auteurs
Hsu-Min Chiang
Mark Carter
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2008
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 4/2008
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0436-7

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2008

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 4/2008 Naar de uitgave