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Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis 2/2014

01-04-2014 | Artikel

Functionele (psychogene) bewegingsstoornissen

Neuropsychologische correlaten, prognostische factoren en behandelopties

Auteurs: Jeannette Gelauff, Mirjam van Tricht

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 2/2014

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Samenvatting

Functionele bewegingsstoornissen worden gekenmerkt door de invloed van afleiding en non-fysiologische manoeuvres en zijn klinisch incongruent met bewegingstoornissen die passen bij bekende neurologische ziekten. Ideeën over de pathofysiologie van functionele bewegingsstoornissen zijn de laatste tijd sterk veranderd. Voorheen stonden psychische factoren centraal als causale factor, nu wordt gedacht dat een abnormaal aandachtspatroon, een gestoord gevoel de beweging zelf te beheersen en abnormale aannames ten aanzien van beweging vanuit hogere hersenfuncties de basis vormen van functionele bewegingsstoornissen. In dit artikel wordt een studie van onze onderzoeksgroep over neuropsychologische profielen besproken, alsook de prognose en behandeling van functionele bewegingsstoornissen. In de studie naar het neuropsychologisch functioneren, werden geen evidente cognitieve stoornissen geobjectiveerd in patiënten met functionele stoornissen bij het neuropsychologisch onderzoek. Patiënten rapporteerden wel meer cognitieve beperking in het dagelijks leven en behaalden slechtere resultaten op de symptoomvaliditeitstest (SVT) dan de controlegroep. Er werden associaties gevonden tussen het verbale geheugen, SVT-prestaties en de ernst van depressieve of angstsymptomen. De resultaten van deze studie benadrukken het belang van het gebruik van SVT in deze patiëntenpopulaties. Met betrekking tot de behandeling laat de bestaande literatuur zien dat er een vrij brede variatie is in behandelingsopties, maar zeer beperkt bewijs voor de effectiviteit van die opties. Studies naar het effect van een combinatie van fysiotherapie en psychologische interventies (voornamelijk cognitieve gedragstherapie) laten hoopvolle resultaten zien. Ook komt naar voren dat de aanpak van de specialist mogelijk essentieel is voor herstel. De prognose van functionele bewegingsstoornissen lijkt ongunstig, alhoewel de studies in dit veld te heterogeen zijn in methodiek om definitieve conclusies te kunnen trekken. De belangrijkste prognostische factor die in de meeste studies naar voren kwam, is het vroeg stellen van de diagnose.
Keywords: Functionele bewegingsstoornissen, Neuropsychologische profielen, Behandeling, Prognose
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Metagegevens
Titel
Functionele (psychogene) bewegingsstoornissen
Neuropsychologische correlaten, prognostische factoren en behandelopties
Auteurs
Jeannette Gelauff
Mirjam van Tricht
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 2/2014
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12474-014-0049-9

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