Top

Gepubliceerd in:

30-08-2020 | Original Article

Eye movements of recent and remote autobiographical memories: fewer and longer lasting fixations during the retrieval of childhood memories

Auteurs: Mohamad El Haj, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière, Steve M. J. Janssen

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 6/2021

Abstract

There is an increased interest in the study of eye movements during the retrieval of autobiographical memories. Following this trend, the aim of the current study was to evaluate eye movements during the retrieval of remote and recent autobiographical memories. We instructed 71 participants to retrieve memories of personal events from early childhood (6–10 years), late childhood/early adolescence (11–14 years), late adolescence (15–18 years), and the last month. During the retrieval of these memories, participants wore eye-tracking glasses. Analyses showed that early childhood memories triggered fewer fixations and fixations with longer durations than memories from the last month. However, no significant differences were observed for the number of saccades, saccade durations, or total amplitude of the saccades. The fewer and longer lasting fixations during the retrieval of early childhood memories can be attributed either to the visual system reconstructing remote memories from an observer perspective or to difficulties when reconstructing remote memories.

vorige artikel Does emotional or repeated misinformation increase memory distortion for a trauma analogue event?

volgende artikel The detection of faked identity using unexpected questions and choice reaction times

Anderson, S. J., Cohen, G., & Taylor, S. (2000). Rewriting the past: Some factors affecting the variability of personal memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 435–454. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0720(200009)14:5<435:AID-ACP662>3.0.CO;2-B.CrossRef

Armson M, Diamond N, Levesque L, Ryan J, Levine B (2020) The relationship between eye movements and autobiographical recollection is mediated by individual differences in autobiographical capacity. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/pztv4 (in press)

Barry, D. N., Chadwick, M. J., & Maguire, E. A. (2018). Nonmonotonic recruitment of ventromedial prefrontal cortex during remote memory recall. PLoS Biology, 16, e2005479. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2005479.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bonnici, H. M., Chadwick, M. J., Lutti, A., Hassabis, D., Weiskopf, N., & Maguire, E. A. (2012). Detecting representations of recent and remote autobiographical memories in vmPFC and hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience, 32, 16982–16991. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2475-12.2012.CrossRefPubMed

Bonnici, H. M., & Maguire, E. A. (2018). 2 years later—revisiting autobiographical memory representations in vmPFC and hippocampus. Neuropsychologia, 110, 159–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.014.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bruce, D., Wilcox-O’Hearn, L. A., Robinson, J. A., Phillips-Grant, K., Francis, L., & Smith, M. C. (2005). Fragment memories mark the end of childhood amnesia. Memory Cognition. 33, 567–576. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195324CrossRefPubMed

Butler, A. C., Rice, H. J., Wooldridge, C. L., & Rubin, D. C. (2016). Visual imagery in autobiographical memory: The role of repeated retrieval in shifting perspective. Consciousness and Cognition, 42, 237–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.03.018.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Conway, M. A. (2005). Memory and the self. Journal of Memory and Language, 53, 594–628.CrossRef

Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107, 261–288.CrossRef

Conway, M. A., Singer, J. A., & Tagini, A. (2004). The Self and Autobiographical memory: Correspondence and coherence. Social Cognition, 22, 491–529. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.22.5.491.50768.CrossRef

El Haj, M., Delerue, C., Omigie, D., Antoine, P., Nandrino, J. L., & Boucart, M. (2014). Autobiographical recall triggers visual exploration. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 7, 1–7.

El Haj, M., & Lenoble, Q. (2018). Eying the future: Eye movement in past and future thinking. Cortex, 105, 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.05.024.CrossRefPubMed

El Haj, M., Nandrino, J. L., Antoine, P., Boucart, M., & Lenoble, Q. (2017). Eye movement during retrieval of emotional autobiographical memories. Acta Psychologica (Amsterdam), 174, 54–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.02.002.CrossRef

Grober, E., & Buschke, H. (1987). Genuine memory deficits in dementia. Developmental Neuropsychology, 3, 13–36.CrossRef

Henderson, J. M., Choi, W., Luke, S. G., & Desai, R. H. (2015). Neural correlates of fixation duration in natural reading: Evidence from fixation-related fMRI. Neuroimage, 119, 390–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.072.CrossRefPubMed

Howe, M. L., & Courage, M. L. (1997). The emergence and early development of autobiographical memory. Psychological Review, 104, 499–523.CrossRef

Janssen, S. M. J. (2019). Introduction to the cognitive abilities account for the reminiscence bump in the temporal distribution of autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports. https://doi.org/10.1177/00033294119843221.CrossRefPubMed

Janssen, S. M. J., Chessa, A. G., & Murre, J. M. (2005). The reminiscence bump in autobiographical memory: effects of age, gender, education and culture. Memory, 13, 658–668. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210444000322.CrossRefPubMed

Janssen, S. M. J., Rubin, D. C., & Conway, M. A. (2012). The reminiscence bump in the temporal distribution of the best football players of all time: Pele, Cruijff or Maradona? Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (Hove), 65, 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2011.606372.CrossRef

Janssen, S. M. J., Rubin, D. C., & St Jacques, P. L. (2011). The temporal distribution of autobiographical memory: changes in reliving and vividness over the life span do not explain the reminiscence bump. Memory & Cognition, 39, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-010-0003-xCrossRef

Koppel, J., & Berntsen, D. (2015). The peaks of life: The differential temporal locations of the reminiscence bump across disparate cueing methods. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4, 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2014.11.004.CrossRef

Lenoble, Q., Janssen, S. M. J., & El Haj, M. (2018). Don’t stare, unless you don’t want to remember: Maintaining fixation compromises autobiographical memory retrieval. Memory. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2018.1501068.CrossRefPubMed

Marcotti, P., & St Jacques, P. L. (2018). Shifting visual perspective during memory retrieval reduces the accuracy of subsequent memories. Memory, 26, 330–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2017.1329441.CrossRefPubMed

McConkie, G. W. (1983). Eye movements and perception during reading. In K. Rayner (Ed.), Eye movements in reading: Perceptual and language processes (pp. 65–96). New York: Academic Press.CrossRef

Mitchell, K. J., & Johnson, M. K. (2009). Source monitoring 15 years later: What have we learned from fMRI about the neural mechanisms of source memory? Psychological Bulletin, 135, 638–677.CrossRef

Moscovitch, M., et al. (2005). Functional neuroanatomy of remote episodic, semantic and spatial memory: A unified account based on multiple trace theory. The Journal of Anatomy, 207, 35–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00421.x.CrossRefPubMed

Munoz, D. P., & Everling, S. (2004). Look away: The anti-saccade task and the voluntary control of eye movement. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 218–228. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1345.CrossRefPubMed

Nadel, L., Campbell, J., & Ryan, L. (2007a). Autobiographical memory retrieval and hippocampal activation as a function of repetition and the passage of time. Neural Plasticity, 2007, 90472. https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/90472.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (1997). Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 7, 217–227.CrossRef

Nadel, L., Winocur, G., Ryan, L., & Moscovitch, M. (2007b). Systems consolidation and hippocampus: Two views. Debates in Neuroscience, 1, 55–66.CrossRef

Nigro, G., & Neisser, U. (1983). Point of view in personal memories. Cognitive Psychology, 15, 467–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(83)90016-6.CrossRef

Perner, J., & Ruffman, T. (1995). Episodic memory and autonoetic consciousness: Developmental evidence and a theory of childhood amnesia. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 59, 516–548.CrossRef

Pierrot-Deseilligny, C., Muri, R. M., Nyffeler, T., & Milea, D. (2005). The role of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in ocular motor behavior. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1039, 239–251. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1325.023.CrossRefPubMed

Pillemer, D. B. (2001). Momentous events and the life story. Review of General Psychology, 5, 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.2.123.CrossRef

Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., Clarys, D., Guillery-Girard, B., Taconnat, L., Isingrini, M., et al. (2006). Autobiographical memory, autonoetic consciousness, and self-perspective in aging. Psychology and Aging, 21, 510–525. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.510.CrossRefPubMed

Rice, H. J., & Rubin, D. C. (2009). I can see it both ways: First- and third-person visual perspectives at retrieval. Consciousness and Cognition, 18, 877–890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2009.07.004.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rice, H. J., & Rubin, D. C. (2011). Remembering from any angle: the flexibility of visual perspective during retrieval. Consciousness and Cognition, 20, 568–577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.10.013.CrossRefPubMed

Richmond, J., & Nelson, C. A. (2007). Accounting for change in declarative memory: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Developmental Review, 27, 349–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2007.04.002.CrossRefPubMed

Robinson, J. A., & Swanson, K. L. (1993). Field and observer modes of remembering. Memory, 1, 169–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658219308258230.CrossRefPubMed

Rubin, D. C. (2005). A basic-systems approach to autobiographical memory. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 79–83.CrossRef

Rubin, D. C., Rahhal, T. A., & Poon, L. W. (1998). Things learned in early adulthood are remembered best. Memory & Cognition, 26, 3–19.CrossRef

Rubin, D. C., & Schulkind, M. D. (1997). Properties of word cues for autobiographical memory. Psychological Reports, 81, 47–50.CrossRef

Rubin, D. C., & Wenzel, A. E. (1996). 100 years of forgetting: A quantitative description of retention. Psychological Review, 103, 734–760.CrossRef

Rubin, D. C., Wetzler, S. E., & Nebes, R. D. (1986). Autobiographical memory across the adult life span. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (pp. 202–221). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Scarf, D., Gross, J., Colombo, M., & Hayne, H. (2013). To have and to hold: Episodic memory in 3- and 4-year-old children. Developmental Psychobiology, 55, 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21004.CrossRefPubMed

Sederberg, P. B., Howard, M. W., & Kahana, M. J. (2008). A context-based theory of recency and contiguity in free recall. Psychological Review, 115, 893–912. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013396.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sekiguchi, T., & Nonaka, S. (2014). The long-term effect of perspective change on the emotional intensity of autobiographical memories. Cognition & Emotion, 28, 375–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2013.825233.CrossRef

Simcock, G., & Hayne, H. (2002). Breaking the Barrier? Children fail to translate their preverbal memories into language. Psychological Science, 13, 225–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00442.CrossRefPubMed

Sperling, G., & Weichselgartner, E. (1995). Episodic theory of the dynamics of spatial attention. Psychological Review, 102, 503–532. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.102.3.503.CrossRef

Squire, L. R., Genzel, L., Wixted, J. T., & Morris, R. G. (2015). Memory consolidation. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 7, a021766. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021766.CrossRef

Talarico, J. M., LaBar, K. S., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Emotional intensity predicts autobiographical memory experience. Memory & Cognition, 32, 1118–1132.CrossRef

Usher, J. A., & Neisser, U. (1993). Childhood amnesia and the beginnings of memory for four early life events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 155–165.CrossRef

Willander, J., Sikstrom, S., & Karlsson, K. (2015). Multimodal retrieval of autobiographical memories: Sensory information contributes differently to the recollection of events. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1681. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01681.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). Memory transformation and systems consolidation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17, 766–780. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000683.CrossRefPubMed

Zelinsky, G. J. (2013). Understanding scene understanding. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00954.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Eye movements of recent and remote autobiographical memories: fewer and longer lasting fixations during the retrieval of childhood memories
Auteurs: Mohamad El Haj
Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière
Steve M. J. Janssen
Publicatiedatum: 30-08-2020
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 6/2021
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01403-3

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2021

Control over task conflict in the stroop and affordances tasks: an individual differences study

Training with high perceptual difficulty improves the capacity and fidelity of internal representation in VWM

Response orientation modulates pitch–space relationships: the ROMPR effect

Spatial knowledge acquired from first-person and dynamic map perspectives

Effects of state anxiety on gait: a 7.5% carbon dioxide challenge study

Does a mark make a difference? Visual similarity effects with accented vowels