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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

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Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2008 | Original Paper

Recognition and Language in Low Functioning Autism

Auteurs: Jill Boucher, Sally Bigham, Andrew Mayes, Tom Muskett

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 7/2008

Abstract

The hypothesis that a pervasive impairment of declarative memory contributes to language impairment in low functioning autism (LFA) was tested. Participants with LFA, high functioning autism (HFA), intellectual disability (ID) without autism, and typical development (TD) were given two recognition tests and four tests of lexical understanding. It was predicted that recognition would be impaired in the LFA group relative to the HFA and TD groups but not the ID group, and that recognition would correlate with lexical knowledge in the LFA group but none of the other groups. These predictions were supported except that the HFA group performed more similarly to the LFA group than expected, a finding interpreted in terms of selectively impaired episodic memory.

vorige artikel Facial Feedback Mechanisms in Autistic Spectrum Disorders

volgende artikel A Psychophysical Test of the Visual Pathway of Children with Autism

Procedural memory covers the acquisition of skills and habits, sequence learning, priming and various types of conditioning, and involves several different brain structures and systems. Procedural memory is non-declarative in that the learning is implicit, or unconscious, whereas declarative memories are always accompanied by an awareness or feeling of memory.

There is currently no clear behavioural evidence that Asperger syndrome is a discrete condition, and clinical use of the term is extremely various. For both these reasons we prefer the term HFA defined as in the text. This does not commit us to the view that subtypes of autism will not be demonstrable at neural and etiological levels at some time in the future.

The statistical analyses reported used children’s actual scores when these fell below chance. Because it is theoretically possible that scores of 6 or 7 (which were the lowest recorded) could bias towards findings supporting the predictions, a second set of analyses of the recognition data was carried out in which scores of 6 or 7 were assigned scores of 8 (the 50% guessing rate). The results of the second set of analyses were essentially the same as the results reported.

In previous work to which two of the present authors contributed (Boucher et al. 2005) we demonstrated a correlation between hippocampal volume and scores on a clinical measure of communication and language in a mixed-ability group of adults. This finding might also have alerted us to the likelihood of demonstrating an association between memory and language in higher functioning as well as lower functioning individuals.

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Titel: Recognition and Language in Low Functioning Autism
Auteurs: Jill Boucher
Sally Bigham
Andrew Mayes
Tom Muskett
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2008
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 7/2008
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0508-8

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