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2015 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

10. Nucleotidenmetabolisme

Auteur : Frans C. Schuit

Gepubliceerd in: Leerboek metabolisme

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

In hoofdstuk 10 bekijken we het metabolisme van purine- en pyrimidinebasen. Deze basen zijn afgeleiden van vier niet-essentiële aminozuren (glycine, serine, glutamine, aspartaat). De de novo synthese van nieuwe basen wordt onderscheiden van de salvageweg, het hergebruik van eerder gemaakte basen. De basen worden geplaatst op een geactiveerde ribosebouwsteen (PRPP) en een netwerk van kinasen zorgt voor een evenwicht tussen alle (desoxy)ribonucleotiden die cellen nodig hebben. De substraatkieskeurigheid van ribonucleotidereductase zorgt voor een evenwicht tussen de vier bouwstenen voor DNA-synthese. Aanmaak van thymine uit uracil vereist thymidylaatsynthase en dihydrofolaatreductase, twee enzymen die vaak doelwit zijn in chemotherapie van kankerpatiënten. De stikstof in overtollige pyrimidinebasen wordt uitgescheiden als ureum; purinebasen worden via het xanthineoxidase omgezet tot urinezuur, dat door de nieren wordt uitgescheiden. Een te hoge urinezuurconcentratie in het lichaam kan leiden tot jicht, een metabole ziekte die wordt uitgelokt door een combinatie van dieet en erfelijke factoren.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Nucleotidenmetabolisme
Auteur
Frans C. Schuit
Copyright
2015
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0620-6_10