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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 4/2014

01-08-2014 | artikel

Nierfunctie bij kinderen

Meten, schatten, nieuwe markers of toch creatinine?

Auteurs: Mw. drs. Hester N. Blufpand, dhr. prof.dr. Gertjan J.L. Kaspers, dhr. dr. Arend Bökenkamp

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 4/2014

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Samenvatting

De glomerulaire filtratiesnelheid (GFR) is de belangrijkste klinische maat voor de nierfunctie. De ideale GFR-marker heeft een stabiele concentratie in het lichaam en wordt alleen door de glomerulus uitgescheiden. Inuline bezit deze eigenschappen, de renale klaring ervan wordt beschouwd als de gouden standaard voor het bepalen van de GFR. Klaringsonderzoeken zijn echter complex en invasief. In de klinische praktijk wordt daarom gebruikgemaakt van serumconcentraties van endogene nierfunctiemarkers. De creatinineconcentratie blijft wereldwijd de meest gebruikte marker, ondanks dat het ook niet-glomerulair uitgescheiden wordt. De niet-lineaire relatie tussen markerconcentraties en de GFR maakt het lastig om een verslechtering van de nierfunctie te herkennen. Richtlijnen adviseren daarom de GFR te schatten aan de hand van markerconcentraties. De meest gebruikte formule voor kinderen is de Schwartz-formule die corrigeert voor de leeftijdsgebonden toename in creatinine door de lichaamslengte te betrekken in de berekening. Cystatine C is de laatste jaren in opkomst als een nieuwe nierfunctiemarker. Het is een laagmoleculair eiwit dat alle kenmerken van de ideale marker bezit. Ondanks dat het belangrijke voordelen heeft boven creatinine, waarvan de belangrijkste stabiele concentratie vanaf de leeftijd van 2 jaar en onafhankelijkheid van lichaamssamenstelling zijn, is de klinische toepassing ervan nog niet wijdverspreid. Ook voor cystatine C bestaan diverse formules waarmee de GFR geschat kan worden. Deze review geeft een overzicht van de diverse mogelijkheden die de kinderarts heeft om de GFR bij kinderen te bepalen.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Nierfunctie bij kinderen
Meten, schatten, nieuwe markers of toch creatinine?
Auteurs
Mw. drs. Hester N. Blufpand
dhr. prof.dr. Gertjan J.L. Kaspers
dhr. dr. Arend Bökenkamp
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12456-014-0024-7

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