Top

Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

05-12-2016

A Test of the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model among Ethnic Minority Youth

Auteurs: Ana B. Goya Arce, Antonio J. Polo

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 6/2017

Abstract

Perfectionistic self-presentation (PSP) has been identified as a vulnerability factor in the development of depressive disorders during early adolescence. The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model (PSDM) offers a theoretical framework suggesting PSP leads to depressive symptoms via interpersonal problems and social disconnection. Previous studies have supported the role of social disconnection as a mediator in the relation between PSP and suicidal ideation, but have not evaluated interpersonal problems in the model. Furthermore, the generalizability of the model has not been established for community and ethnic minority samples. Using cross-sectional data, the present study addresses these gaps by evaluating the PSDM and including social anxiety and loneliness as indicators of interpersonal problems and social disconnection, respectively, as predictors of youth depressive symptoms. The sample includes 289 (51.2% females) predominately low income and Latino and African American youth in fifth through seventh grade in three public schools. As predicted, social anxiety mediates the relationship between both PSP and loneliness and PSP and depressive symptoms. Moreover, mediational analyses indicate that social anxiety accounts for the relation between PSP and depression. Consistent with the PSDM model, the relationship between PSP and youth depressive symptoms is mediated sequentially through both social anxiety and loneliness, but primarily among the Latino sample.

vorige artikel Parenting and Anxiety: Bi-directional Relations in Young Children

volgende artikel Cool and Hot Aspects of Executive Function in Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2014). Perfectionism in pediatric anxiety and depressive disorders. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 17, 299–317. doi:10.1007/s10567-014-0164-4.CrossRefPubMed

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychhiatric Publishing.CrossRef

Asher, S. R., & Wheeler, V. A. (1985). Children's loneliness: a comparison of rejected and neglected peer status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 500–505.CrossRefPubMed

Asher, S. R., Hymel, S., & Renshaw, P. D. (1984). Loneliness in children. Child Development, 55, 1456–1464.CrossRef

Avenvoli, S., Knight, E., Kessler, R. C., & Merikangas, K. R. (2008). Epidemiology of depression in children amd adolescents. In J. R. Z. Abela & B. L. Hankin (Eds.), Handbook of depression in children and adolescents (pp. 6–32). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Bagner, D. M., Storch, E. A., & Roberti, J. W. (2004). A factor analytic study of the loneliness and social dissatisfaction scale in a sample of African-American and Hispanic-American children. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 34, 237–250. doi:10.1023/B:CHUD.0000014999.16111.2f.CrossRefPubMed

Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497–529. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.CrossRefPubMed

Beidel, D. C., Turner, S. M., & Morris, T. L. (1999). Psychopoathology of childhood social phobia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 643–650.CrossRefPubMed

Bernstein, G. A. (1991). Comorbidity and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders in a clinical sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 43–50.CrossRefPubMed

Blatt, S. J., Zuroff, D. C., Bondi, C. M., Sanislow 3rd, C. A., & Pilkonis, P. A. (1998). When and how perfectionism impedes the brief treatment of depression: further analyses of the National Institute of Mental Health treatment of depression collaborative research program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 423–428.CrossRefPubMed

Boyce, P., & Parker, G. (1989). Development of a scale to measure interpersonal sensitivity. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 341–351. doi:10.3109/00048678909068294.PubMed

Cacioppo, J. T., Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2006). Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and Aging, 21, 140–151. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140.CrossRefPubMed

Cacioppo, J. T., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2010). Perceived social isolation makes me sad: five year cross-lagged analysis of loneliness and depressive symptomatology in the Chicago health, aging, and social relations study. Psychology and Aging, 25, 453–463.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Castro, J. R., & Rice, K. G. (2003). Perfectionism and ethnicity: implications for depressive symptoms and self-reported academic achievement. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 9, 64–78. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.9.1.64.CrossRefPubMed

Castro-Fornieles, J., Gual, P., Lahortiga, F., Gila, A., Casula, V., Fuhrmann, C., et al. (2007). Self-oriented perfectionism in eating disorders. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 562–568. doi:10.1002/eat.20393.CrossRefPubMed

Chang, E. C. (1998). Cultural differences, perfectionism, and suicidal risk in a college population: does social problem solving still matter? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22, 237–254.CrossRef

Chang, E. C. (2013). Perfectionism and loneliness as predictors of depressive and anxious symptoms in Asian and European Americans: do self-construal schemas also matter? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37, 1179–1188. doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9549-9.CrossRef

Chen, C., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., Cassels, T. G., Birch, S., & Blasberg, J. S. (2012). Insecure attachment, perfectionistic self-presentation, and social disconnection. Personality and Individual Differences, 52, 936–941. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2012.02.009.CrossRef

Chen, C., Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (2015). Preoccupied attachment, need to belong, shame, and interpersonal perfectionism: an investigation of the perfectionism social disconnection model. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 177–182. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.001.CrossRef

Chen, C., Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (2016). Ethnic variations in other-oriented percfectionism’s associations with depression and suicide behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 504–509. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.09.021.CrossRef

Chicago Public Schools (2015). Racial/Ethnic Report School Year 2013–2014 [Data file]. Retrieved from http://cps.edu/schooldata/Pages/SchoolData.aspx.

Egan, S. J., Wade, T. D., & Shafran, R. (2011). Perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process: a clinical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 203–212. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.04.009.CrossRefPubMed

Egan, S. J., Wade, T. D., Shafran, R., & Antony, M. M. (2014). Cognitive behavioral treatment of perfectionism. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

Emler, N. (1994). Gossip, reputation, and adaptation. In R. Goodman & A. Ben Ze'ev (Eds.), Good gossip (pp. 117–138). Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.

Enns, M. W., Cox, B. J., & Inayatulla, M. (2003). Personality predictors of outcome for adolescents hospitalized for suicidal ideation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 42, 720–727. doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000046847.56865.b0.CrossRefPubMed

Fenning, S., Hadas, A., Itzhaky, L., Roe, D., Apster, A., & Shahar, G. (2008). Self-criticism is a key predictor of eating disorder dimensions among inpatient adolescent females. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41, 762–765. doi:10.1002/eat.20573.CrossRef

Fergusson, D. M., & Woodward, L. J. (2002). Mental health, educational, and social role outcomes of adolescents with depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 225–231.CrossRefPubMed

Figueras Masip, A., Amador-Campos, J. A., Gomez-Benito, J., & del Barrio Gandara, V. (2010). Psychometric properties of the Children's depression inventory in community and clinical sample. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13, 990–999.CrossRefPubMed

Flett, G. L., Coulter, L.-M., & Hewitt, P. L. (2012a). The perfectionistic self-presentation scale-junior form: psychometric properties and association with social anxiety in early adolescents. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 27, 136–149. doi:10.1177/0829573511431406.CrossRef

Flett, G. L., Galfi-Pechenkov, I., Molnar, D. S., Hewitt, P. L., & Goldstein, A. L. (2012b). Perfectionism, mattering, and depression: a mediational analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 52, 828–832. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.041.CrossRef

Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449–468. doi:10.1007/BF01172967.CrossRef

Frost, R. O., Steketee, G., Cohn, L., & Griess, K. (1994). Personality traits in subclinical and non-obsessive-compulsive volunteers and their parents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 47–56. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90083-3.CrossRefPubMed

Goldsmith, S. K., Pellmar, T. C., Kleinman, A. M., & Burney, W. E. (2002). Reducing suicide: a national imperative. Washington, DC: Academy Press.

Greenspon, T. S. (2008). Making sense of error: a view of the origins and treatment of perfectionism. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 62, 263–282.PubMed

Hagerty, B. M., & Williams, R. A. (1999). The effects of sense of belonging, social support, conflict, and loneliness on depression. Nursing Research, 48, 215–219.CrossRefPubMed

Hamacheck, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology, 15, 27–33.

Harb, G. C., Heimberg, R. G., Fresco, D. M., Schneier, F. R., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2002). The psychometric properties of the interpersonal sensitivity measure in social anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 961–979. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(01)00125-5.CrossRefPubMed

Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach. New York: The Guilford Press.

Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: a literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695–718. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.04.002.CrossRefPubMed

Henderson, L., & Zimbardo, P. (1998). Trouble in river city: shame and anger in chronic shynness. Irvine: Paper presented at the 82nd Convention of the Western Psychological Association.

Herman, K. C., Wang, K., Trotter, R., Reinke, W. M., & Ialongo, N. (2003). Developmental trajectories of maladaptive perfectiomism among African American adolescents. Child Development, 84, 1633–1650.CrossRef

Herman, K. C., Trotter, R., Reinke, W. M., & Ialongo, N. (2011). Developmental origins of perfectionism among African American youth. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 321–334. doi:10.1037/a0023108.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 456–470. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.456.CrossRefPubMed

Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Weber, C. (1994). Dimensions of perfectionism and suicide ideation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 439–460. doi:10.1007/BF02357753.CrossRef

Hewitt, P. L., Newton, J., Flett, G. L., & Callander, L. (1997). Perfectionism and suicide ideation in adolescent psychiatric patients. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 95–101. doi:10.1023/A:1025723327188.CrossRefPubMed

Hewitt, P. L., Caelian, C. F., Flett, G. L., Sherry, S. B., Collins, L., & Flynn, C. A. (2002). Perfectionism in children: associations with depression, anxiety, and anger. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 1049–1061. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00109-X.CrossRef

Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., Sherry, S. B., Habke, M. A., Parkin, M., Lam, R. W., et al. (2003). The interpersonal expression of perfection: perfectionistic self-presentation and psychological distress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1303–1325. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.6.1303.CrossRefPubMed

Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., Sherry, S. B., & Caelian, C. M. (2006). Trait perfectionism dimensions and suicidal behavior. In T. Ellis (Ed.), Cognition and suicide: theory, research, and therapy. Washington: APA.

Hewitt, P. L., Blasberg, J. S., Flett, G. L., Besser, A., Sherry, S. B., Caelian, C. M., et al. (2011). Perfectionistic self-presentation in children and adolescents: development and validation of the perfectionistic self-presentation scale—junior form. Psychological Assessment, 23, 125–142. doi:10.1037/a0021147.CrossRefPubMed

Hollender, M. H. (1965). Perfectionism. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 6, 94–103. doi:10.1016/S0010-440X(65)80016-5.CrossRefPubMed

Jacobs, R. H., Silva, S. G., Reinecke, M. A., Curry, J. F., Ginsburg, G. S., Kratochvil, C. J., & March, S. J. (2009). Dysfunctional attitudes scale perfectionism: a predictor and partial mediator of acute treatment outcome among clinically depressed adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 38, 803–813. doi:10.1080/15374410903259031.CrossRef

Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D. A., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. A. (2004). A survey method for characterizing daily life experience: the day reconstruction method. Science, 306, 1776–1780.CrossRefPubMed

Kovacs, M. (1992). Children's depression inventory. New York: Multi-Health Systems.

La Greca, A. M., & Lopez, N. (1998). Social anxiety among adolescents: linkages with peer relations and friendships. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 83–94.CrossRefPubMed

Lambert, S. F., Robinson, L., & Ialongo, N. S. (2014). The role of socially prescribed perfectionism in the link between perceived racial discrimination and African American adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 557–587. doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9814-0.CrossRef

Leong, F. T. L., Leach, M. M., Yeh, C., & Chou, E. (2007). Suicide among Asian Americans: what do we know? What do we need to know? Death Studies, 31, 417–434 418p.CrossRefPubMed

Lowry, R. (2015). VassarStats: Website for Statistical Computation. Retrieved 09/21/2015, from http://vassarstats.net/index.html.

Mackinnon, S. P., Battista, S. R., Sherry, S. B., & Stewart, S. H. (2014). Perfectionistic self-presentation predicts social anxiety using daily diary methods. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 143–148. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.038.CrossRef

Mahon, N. E., Yarcheski, A., Yarcheski, T. J., Cannella, B. L., & Hanks, M. M. (2006). A meta-analytic study of predictors for loneliness during adolescence. Nursing Research, 55, 308–315.CrossRefPubMed

Mann, J. J., Apter, A., Berololote, J., Beautrais, A., Currier, D., Haas, A., et al. (2005). Suicide prevention strategies: a systematic review. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 294, 2064–2074.CrossRefPubMed

March, J. S., Parker, J. D. A., Sullivan, K., Stallings, P., & Conners, K. (1997). The multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 554–565.CrossRefPubMed

Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224.CrossRef

Mash, E. J., & Wolfe, D. A. (2010). Abnormal child psychology (4th ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth.

McCreary, B. T., Joiner, T. E., Schmidt, N. B., & Ialongo, N. S. (2004). The structure and correlates of perfectionism in African American children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33, 313–324. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3302_13.CrossRefPubMed

Merikangas, K. R., & Knight, E. (2009). The epidemiology of depression in adolescents. In S. Nolen-Hoeksema & L. M. Hilt (Eds.), Handbook of depression adolescents (pp. 53–73). New York, NY: Routledge.

Merikangas, K. R., He, J., Burnstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenvoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 980–989.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Merikangas, K. R., He, J. P., Burstein, M., Swendsen, J., Avenevoli, S., Case, B., et al. (2011). Service utilization for lifetime mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results of the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 50, 32–45. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.10.006.CrossRefPubMed

Oquendo, M. A., Ellis, S. P., Greenwald, S., Malone, K. M., Weissman, M. M., & Mann, J. J. (2001). Ethnic and sex differences in suicide rates relative to major depression in the United States. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 1652–1658. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.10.1652.CrossRefPubMed

Pacht, A. R. (1984). Reflections on perfection. American Psychologist, 39, 386–390. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.386.CrossRef

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.CrossRefPubMed

Preacher, K. J., & Kelley, K. (2011). Effect size measures for mediation models: quantitative strategies for communicating indirect effects. Psychological Methods, 16, 93–115. doi:10.1037/a0022658.CrossRefPubMed

Qualter, P., Brown, S. L., Munn, P., & Rotenberg, K. J. (2010). Childhood loneliness as a predictor of adolescent depressive symptoms: an 8-year longitudinal study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19, 493–501. doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0059-y.CrossRef

Rohde, P. (2009). Comorbidities with adolescent depression. In S. Nolen-Hoeksema & L. M. Hilt (Eds.), Handbook of depression in adolescents (pp. 139–177). New York, NY: Routledge.

Roxborough, H. M., Hewitt, P. L., Kaldas, J., Flett, G. L., Caelian, C. M., Sherry, S. B., & Sherry, D. L. (2012). Perfectionistic self-presentation, socially prescribed perfectionism, and suicide in youth: a test of the perfectionism social disconnection model. Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior, 42, 217–233. doi:10.1111/j.1943-278X.2012.00084.x.CrossRefPubMed

Rudolph, K. D. (2009). The interpersonal context of adolescent depression. In S. Nolen-Hoeksema & L. M. Hilt (Eds.), Handbook of depression in adolescents (pp. 377–418). New York, NY: Routledge.

Shafran, R., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2002). Clinical perfectionism: a cognitive–behavioural analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 773–791. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(01)00059-6.CrossRefPubMed

Sherry, S. B., Law, A., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Besser, A. (2008). Social support as a mediator of the relationship between perfectionism and depression: a preliminary test of the social disconnection model. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 339–344. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.05.001.CrossRef

Smith, K., & Crawford, S. (1986). Suicidal behavior among “normal” high school students. Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior, 16, 313–325. doi:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb01013.x.CrossRefPubMed

Solomon, L. J., & Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 503–509. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.31.4.503.CrossRef

Sorotzkin, B. (1985). The quest for perfection: avoiding guilt or avoiding shame? Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 22, 564–571. doi:10.1037/h008554.CrossRef

Stein, M. B., Fuetsch, M., Muller, N., Hofler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H. U. (2001). Social anxiety disorder and the risk of depression: a prospective community study of adolescents and young adults. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 251–256.CrossRefPubMed

Taylor, A. B., MacKinnon, D. P., & Tein, J. Y. (2008). Tests of the three-path mediated effect. Organizational Research Methods, 11, 241–269. doi: 10.1177/1094428107300344.

Tillfors, M., El-Khouri, B., Stein, M. B., & Trost, K. (2009). Relationships between social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and antisocial behaviors: evidence from a prospective study of adolescent boys. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 718–724. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.02.011.CrossRefPubMed

Turner, S. M., Beidel, D. C., & Townsley, R. M. (1990). Social phobia: relationship to shyness. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1673–1679.

U.S. Census Bureau (2015). U. S. (2015, August 5). State & County QuickFacts. Retrieved August 29, 2015, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/00000.html.

Uhrlass, D. J., Schofield, C. A., Coles, M. E., & Gibb, B. E. (2009). Self-perceived competence and prospective changes in symptoms of depression and social anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40, 329–337. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.01.001.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

United States Department of Health and Human Services (2001). Mental health: culture, race, and ethnicity; a supplement to mental health: a report of the surgeon general. Rockville: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General.CrossRef

Wagstaff, A. E., & Polo, A. J. (2012). Ethnicity and adolescent depression: prevalence, access to services, and promising interventions. Prevention Researcher, 19, 8–10.

Wood, J. J., Piacentini, J. C., Bergman, R. L., McCracken, J., & Barrios, V. (2002). Concurrent validity of the anxiety disorders section of the anxiety disorders interview schedule for DSM-IV: child and parent versions. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31, 335–342. doi:10.1207/153744202760082595.CrossRefPubMed

Ye, H. J., Rice, K. G., & Storch, E. A. (2008). Perfectionism and peer relations among children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 39, 415–426. doi:10.1007/s10578-008-0098-5.CrossRefPubMed

Yee, A. H. (1992). Asians as stereotypes and students: misperceptions that persist. Educational Psychology Review, 4, 95–132.CrossRef

Yoon, J., & Lau, A. S. (2008). Maladaptive perfectionism and depressive symptoms among Asian American college students: contributions of interdependence and parental relations. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 92–101. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.2.92.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: A Test of the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model among Ethnic Minority Youth
Auteurs: Ana B. Goya Arce
Antonio J. Polo
Publicatiedatum: 05-12-2016
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 6/2017
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0240-y

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2017

A Within-Person Analysis of the Association between Borderline Personality Disorder and Alcohol Use in Adolescents

Cool and Hot Aspects of Executive Function in Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Trait Impulsivity, and Externalizing Behavior in a Longitudinal Sample

Controlled Social Interaction Tasks to Measure Self-Perceptions: No Evidence of Positive Illusions in Boys with ADHD

Predictors of Stress Generation in Adolescents in Mainland China

Are Elevations in ADHD Symptoms Associated with Physiological Reactivity and Emotion Dysregulation in Children?