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01-11-2009 | Uitgave 8/2009 Open Access

Inhibition, Reinforcement Sensitivity and Temporal Information Processing in ADHD and ADHD+ODD: Evidence of a Separate Entity?

Tijdschrift:: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology > Uitgave 8/2009

Auteurs:: Marjolein Luman, Steffen J. P. van Noesel, Alky Papanikolau, Janneke Van Oostenbruggen-Scheffer, Diane Veugelers, Joseph A. Sergeant, Jaap Oosterlaan

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Abstract

This study compared children with ADHD-only, ADHD+ODD and normal controls (age 8–12) on three key neurocognitive functions: response inhibition, reinforcement sensitivity, and temporal information processing. The goal was twofold: (a) to investigate neurocognitive impairments in children with ADHD-only and children with ADHD+ODD, and (b) to test whether ADHD+ODD is a more severe from of ADHD in terms of neurocognitive performance. In Experiment 1, inhibition abilities were measured using the Stop Task. In Experiment 2, reinforcement sensitivity and temporal information processing abilities were measured using a Timing Task with both a reward and penalty condition. Compared to controls, children with ADHD-only demonstrated impaired inhibitory control, showed more time underestimations, and showed performance deterioration in the face of reward and penalty. Children with ADHD+ODD performed in-between children with ADHD-only and controls in terms of inhibitory controls and the tendency to underestimate time, but were more impaired than controls and children with ADHD-only in terms of timing variability. In the face of reward and penalty children with ADHD+ODD improved their performance compared to a neutral condition, in contrast to children with ADHD-only. In the face of reward, the performance improvement in the ADHD+ODD group was disproportionally larger than that of controls. Taken together the findings suggest that, in terms of neurocognitive functioning, comorbid ADHD+ODD is a substantial different entity than ADHD-only.

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Titel: Inhibition, Reinforcement Sensitivity and Temporal Information Processing in ADHD and ADHD+ODD: Evidence of a Separate Entity?
Auteurs:: Marjolein Luman
Steffen J. P. van Noesel
Alky Papanikolau
Janneke Van Oostenbruggen-Scheffer
Diane Veugelers
Joseph A. Sergeant
Jaap Oosterlaan
Publicatiedatum: 01-11-2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9334-0
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Tijdschrift: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology An official publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Uitgave 8/2009
Print ISSN: 0091-0627
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2835

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