Top

Psychological Research

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in:

07-11-2017 | Original Article

Higher levels of motor competence are associated with reduced interference in action perception across the lifespan

Auteurs: Stephanie Wermelinger, Anja Gampe, Moritz M. Daum

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 3/2019

Abstract

Action perception and action production are tightly linked and elicit bi-directional influences on each other when performed simultaneously. In this study, we investigated whether age-related differences in manual fine-motor competence and/or age affect the (interfering) influence of action production on simultaneous action perception. In a cross-sectional eye-tracking study, participants of a broad age range (N = 181, 20–80 years) observed a manual grasp-and-transport action while performing an additional motor or cognitive distractor task. Action perception was measured via participants’ frequency of anticipatory gaze shifts towards the action goal. Manual fine-motor competence was assessed with the Motor Performance Series. The interference effect in action perception was greater in the motor than the cognitive distractor task. Furthermore, manual fine-motor competence and age in years were both associated with this interference. The better the participants’ manual fine-motor competence and the younger they were, the smaller the interference effect. However, when both influencing factors (age and fine-motor competence) were taken into account, a model including only age-related differences in manual fine-motor competence best fit with our data. These results add to the existing literature that motor competence and its age-related differences influence the interference effects between action perception and production.

vorige artikel The roles of musical expertise and sensory feedback in beat keeping and joint action

volgende artikel Exploring the relationship between threat-related changes in anxiety, attention focus, and postural control

Aglioti, S. M., Cesari, P., Romani, M., & Urgesi, C. (2008). Action anticipation and motor resonance in elite basketball players. Nature Neuroscience, 11(9), 1109–1116. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2182. CrossRefPubMed

Balser, N., Lorey, B., Pilgramm, S., Naumann, T., Kindermann, S., Stark, R., & Munzert, J. (2014). The influence of expertise on brain activation of the action observation network during anticipation of tennis and volleyball serves. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00568. CrossRef

Bates, D. M., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01. CrossRef

Bhalla, M., & Proffitt, D. R. (1999). Visual-motor recalibration in geographical slant perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 25(4), 1076–1096. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.25.4.1076. CrossRefPubMed

Binder, J. C., Martin, M., Zöllig, J., Röcke, C., Mérillat, S., Eschen, A., & Shing, Y. L. (2016). Multi-domain training enhances attentional control. Psychology and Aging, 31(4), 390–408. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000081. CrossRefPubMed

Blakemore, S. J., & Frith, C. (2005). The role of motor contagion in the prediction of action. Neuropsychologia, 43, 260–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.11.012. CrossRefPubMed

Brass, M., Bekkering, H., & Prinz, W. (2001a). Movement observation affects movement execution in a simple response task. Acta Psychologica, 106, 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(00)00024-X. CrossRefPubMed

Brass, M., Zysset, S., & Von Cramon, D. Y. (2001b). The inhibition of imitative response tendencies. Neuroimage, 14, 1416–1423. https://doi.org/10.1006/nimg.2001.0944. CrossRefPubMed

Calvo-Merino, B., Grèzes, J., Glaser, D. E., Passingham, R. E., & Haggard, P. (2006). Seeing or doing? Influence of visual and motor familiarity in action observation. Current Biology, 16, 1905–1910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.07.065. CrossRefPubMed

Cannon, E. N., & Woodward, A. L. (2008). Action anticipation and interference: a test of prospective gaze. In B. C. Love, K. McRae, & V. M. Sloutsky (Eds.), Proceedings of the 30th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 981–985). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.021. Secreted.

Capa, L., Marshall, P. J., & Bouquet, A. (2011). Does motor interference arise from mirror system activation? The effect of prior visuo-motor practice on automatic imitation. Psychological Research, 75, 152–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-010-0303-6. CrossRefPubMed

Catmur, C. (2016). Automatic imitation? Imitative compatibility affects responses at high perceptual load. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 42(4), 530–539. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000166. CrossRefPubMed

Catmur, C., Gillmeister, H., Bird, G., Liepelt, R., Brass, M., & Heyes, C. (2008). Through the looking glass: Counter-mirror activation following incompatible sensorimotor learning. European Journal of Neuroscience, 28(6), 1208–1215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06419.x. CrossRefPubMed

Catmur, C., Walsh, V., & Heyes, C. (2009). Associative sequence learning: the role of experience in the development of imitation and the mirror system. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, 364(1528), 2369–2380. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0048. CrossRefPubMed

Daum, M. M., Gampe, A., Wronski, C., & Attig, M. (2016). Effects of movement distance, duration, velocity, and type on action prediction in 12-month-olds. Infant Behavior and Development, 43, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2016.03.002. CrossRefPubMed

Diersch, N., Cross, E. S., Stadler, W., Schütz-Bosbach, S., & Rieger, M. (2012). Representing others’ actions: The role of expertise in the aging mind. Psychological Research, 76(4), 525–541. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-011-0404-x. CrossRefPubMed

Diersch, N., Mueller, K., Cross, E. S., Stadler, W., Rieger, M., & Schütz-Bosbach, S. (2013). Action prediction in younger versus older adults: Neural correlates of motor familiarity. PLoS One, 8(5), e64195. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064195. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Edwards, M. G., Humphreys, G. W., & Castiello, U. (2003). Motor facilitation following action observation: A behavioural study in prehensile action. Brain and Cognition, 53, 495–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00210-0. CrossRefPubMed

Elsner, C., D’Ausilio, A., Gredebäck, G., Falck-Ytter, T., & Fadiga, L. (2013). The motor cortex is causally related to predictive eye movements during action observation. Neuropsychologia, 51, 488–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.12.007. CrossRefPubMed

Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., Pavesi, G., & Rizzolatti, G. (1995). Motor facilitation during action observation: a magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Neurophysiology, 73(6), 2608–2611. CrossRef

Falck-Ytter, T., Gredebäck, G., & von Hofsten, C. (2006). Infants predict other people’s action goals. Nature Neuroscience, 9(7), 878–879. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1729. CrossRefPubMed

Farrow, D., & Abernethy, B. (2003). Do expertise and the degree of perception—action coupling affect natural anticipatory performance? Perception, 32(9), 1127–1139. https://doi.org/10.1068/p3323. CrossRefPubMed

Flanagan, J. R., & Johansson, R. S. (2003). Action plans used in action observation. Nature, 424, 769–771. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01861. CrossRefPubMed

Forstmann, B. U., Tittgemeyer, M., Wagenmakers, E.-J., Derrfuss, J., Imperati, D., & Brown, S. (2011). The speed-accuracy tradeoff in the elderly brain: A structural model-based approach. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31(47), 17242–17249. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0309-11.2011. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gabbard, C., Caçola, P., & Cordova, A. (2011). Is there an advanced aging effect on the ability to mentally represent action? Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 53(2), 206–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2010.10.006. CrossRefPubMed

Gallese, V., Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., & Rizzolatti, G. (1996). Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Brain, 119, 593–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/119.2.593. CrossRefPubMed

Gesierich, B., Bruzzo, A., Ottoboni, G., & Finos, L. (2008). Human gaze behaviour during action execution and observation. Acta Psychologica, 128, 324–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2008.03.006. CrossRefPubMed

Hamilton, A., Wolpert, D., & Frith, U. (2004). Your own action influences how you perceive another person’s action. Current Biology, 14, 493–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.03.007. CrossRefPubMed

Hardwick, R. M., & Edwards, M. G. (2012). Motor interference and facilitation arising from observed movement kinematics. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(5), 840–847. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.672995. CrossRefPubMed

Haslinger, B., Erhard, P., Altenmüller, E., Schroeder, U., Boecker, H., & Ceballos-Baumann, A. O. (2005). Transmodal sensorimotor networks during action observation in professional pianists. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17(2), 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1162/0898929053124893. CrossRefPubMed

Haueisen, J., & Knösche, T. R. (2001). Involuntary motor activity in pianists evoked by music perception. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(6), 786–792. https://doi.org/10.1162/08989290152541449. CrossRefPubMed

Haywood, K. M., & Getchell, N. (2005). Life span motor development. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

Hecht, H., Vogt, S., & Prinz, W. (2001). Motor learning enhances perceptual judgment: A case for action-perception transfer. Psychological Research, 65, 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004260000043. CrossRefPubMed

Heyes, C. (2010). Where do mirror neurons come from? Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 34(4), 575–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.11.007. CrossRefPubMed

Hommel, B., Müsseler, J., Aschersleben, G., & Prinz, W. (2001). The theory of event coding (TEC): A framework for perception and action planning. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 849–937. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X01000103. CrossRefPubMed

Houx, P. J., & Jolles, J. (1993). Age-related decline of psychomotor speed: Effects of age, brain health, sex, and education. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 76, 195–211. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.195. CrossRefPubMed

Iacoboni, M., Woods, R. P., Brass, M., Bekkering, H., Mazziotta, J. C., & Rizzolatti, G. (1999). Cortical mechanisms of human imitation. Science, 286(5449), 2526–2528. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5449.2526. CrossRefPubMed

Jacobs, A., & Shiffrar, M. (2005). Walking perception by walking observers. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31(1), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1167/4.8.218. CrossRefPubMed

Karni, A., Meyer, G., Rey-Hipolito, C., Jezzard, P., Adams, M. M., Turner, R., & Ungerleider, L. G. (1998). The acquisition of skilled motor performance: Fast and slow experience-driven changes in primary motor cortex. PNAS, 95(3), 861–868. CrossRef

Kattenstroth, J.-C., Kolankowska, I., Kalisch, T., & Dinse, H. R. (2010). Superior sensory, motor, and cognitive performance in elderly individuals with multi-year dancing activities. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2010.00031. CrossRef

Kauranen, K., & Vanharanta, H. (1996). Aging, gender, and handedness in motor performance of upper and lower extremities’. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 82, 515–525. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.515. CrossRefPubMed

Kilner, J. M., Paulignan, Y., & Blakemore, S. J. (2003). An interference effect of observed biological movement on action. Current Biology, 13, 522–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00165-9. CrossRefPubMed

Knoblich, G., & Flach, R. (2001). Predicting the effects of actions: Interactions of perception and action. Psychological Science, 12(6), 467–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00387. CrossRefPubMed

Knoblich, G., Seigerschmidt, E., Flach, R., & Prinz, W. (2002). Authorship effects in the prediction of handwriting strokes: Evidence for action simulation during action perception. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55(3), 1027–1046. https://doi.org/10.1080/02724980143000631. CrossRefPubMed

Koppelmans, V., Hirsiger, S., Mérillat, S., & Seidler, R. D. (2015). Cerebellar gray and white matter volume and their relation with age and manual motor performance in healthy older adults. Human Brain Mapping, 2363(February), 2352–2363. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22775. CrossRef

Krampe, R. T. (2002). Aging, expertise and fine motor movement. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 769–776. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-7634(02)00064-7. CrossRefPubMed

Léonard, G., & Tremblay, F. (2008). Corticomotor facilitation associated with observation and imagery of hand actions is impaired in Parkinson’s disease. Experimental Brain Research, 185(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-007-1150-6. CrossRefPubMed

Loeffler, J., Raab, M., Cañal-Bruland, R., & Rodger, M. (2016). A lifespan perspective on embodied cognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00845. CrossRef

Marty, B., Bourguignon, M., Jousmäki, V., Wens, V., Op de Beeck, M., Van Bogaert, P., & De Tiège, X. (2015). Cortical kinematic processing of executed and observed goal-directed hand actions. NeuroImage, 119, 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.064. CrossRefPubMed

Matsuzaka, Y., Picard, N., & Strick, P. L. (2007). Skill representation in the primary motor cortex after long-term practice. Journal of Neurophysiology, 97, 1819–1832. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00784.2006.The. CrossRefPubMed

Maylor, E. A., Birak, K. S., & Schlaghecken, F. (2011). Inhibitory motor control in old age: Evidence for de-automatization. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00132. CrossRef

Melzer, A., Prinz, W., & Daum, M. (2012). Production and perception of contralateral reaching: A close link by 12 months of age. Infant Behavior and Development, 35(3), 570–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2012.05.003. CrossRefPubMed

Ménoret, M., Curie, A., Portes, V., Nazir, T. A., & Paulignan, Y. (2013). Motor resonance facilitates movement execution: An ERP and kinematic study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00646. CrossRef

Miall, R. C., Stanley, J., Todhunter, S., Levick, C., Lindo, S., & Miall, J. D. (2006). Performing hand actions assists the visual discrimination of similar hand postures. Neuropsychologia, 44, 966–976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.09.006. CrossRefPubMed

Möller, C., Zimmer, H. D., & Aschersleben, G. (2015). Effects of short-term experience on anticipatory eye movements during action observation. Experimental Brain Research, 233, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-014-4091-x. CrossRefPubMed

Neuwirth, W., & Benesch, M. (2011). Motorische Leistungsserie. Wiener Testsystem (WTS) [Motor performance series: Vienna Test System]. Mölding, Austria: Schufried.

Oldfield, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9(1), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4. CrossRefPubMed

Park, D. C., Hedden, T., Davidson, N. S., Smith, A. D., & Smith, P. K. (2002). Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychology and Aging, 17(2), 299–320. https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.17.2.299. CrossRefPubMed

Personnier, P., Kubicki, A., Laroche, D., & Papaxanthis, C. (2010). Temporal features of imagined locomotion in normal aging. Neuroscience Letters, 476(3), 146–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.04.017. CrossRefPubMed

Personnier, P., Paizis, C., Ballay, Y., & Papaxanthis, C. (2008). Mentally represented motor actions in normal aging: II. The influence of the gravito-inertial context on the duration of overt and covert arm movements. Behavioural Brain Research, 186(2), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2007.08.018. CrossRefPubMed

Platz, T., Prass, K., Denzler, P., & Bock, S. (1999). Testing a motor performance series and a kinematic motion analysis as measures of performance in high-functioning stroke patients: Reliability, validity, and responsiveness to therapeutic intervention. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 80(3), 270–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90137-5. CrossRefPubMed

Poldrack, R. A., Sabb, F. W., Foerde, K., Tom, S. M., Asarnow, R. F., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Knowlton, B. J. (2005). The neural correlates of motor skill automaticity. The Journal of Neuroscience, 25(22), 5356–5364. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3880-04.2005. CrossRefPubMed

Press, C., Bird, G., Walsh, E., & Heyes, C. (2008). Automatic imitation of intransitive actions. Brain and Cognition, 67(1), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2007.11.001. CrossRefPubMed

Press, C., Heyes, C., & Kilner, J. (2011). Learning to understand others’ actions. Biology Letters, 7(3), 457–460. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0850. CrossRefPubMed

Prinz, W. (1990). A common coding approach to perception and action. In O. Neumann & W. Prinz (Eds.), Relationships between perception and action. Current approaches (pp. 167–201). Berlin: Springer. CrossRef

Prinz, W. (1997). Perception and action planning. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 9(2), 129–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/713752551. CrossRef

R Core Team. (2012). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.

Rémy, F., Wenderoth, N., Lipkens, K., & Swinnen, S. P. (2010). Dual-task interference during initial learning of a new motor task results from competition for the same brain areas. Neuropsychologia, 48(9), 2517–2527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.04.026. CrossRefPubMed

Reuter, E.-M., Behrens, M., & Zschorlich, V. R. (2015). Age-related differences in corticomotor facilitation indicate dedifferentiation in motor planning. Experimental Gerontology, 65, 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.03.008. CrossRefPubMed

Roberts, J. W., Katayama, O., Lung, T., Constable, M. D., Elliott, D., Lyons, J. L., & Welsh, T. N. (2016). The modulation of motor contagion by intrapersonal sensorimotor experience. Neuroscience Letters, 624, 42–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.063. CrossRefPubMed

Rosander, K., & von Hofsten, C. (2011). Predictive gaze shifts elicited during observed and performed actions in 10-month-old infants and adults. Neuropsychologia, 49(10), 2911–2917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.018. CrossRefPubMed

Saimpont, A., Mourey, F., Manckoundia, P., Pfitzenmeyer, P., & Pozzo, T. (2010). Aging affects the mental simulation/planning of the “rising from the floor” sequence. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 51, 41–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2009.11.010. CrossRef

Schorer, J., & Baker, J. (2015). An exploratory study of aging and perceptual-motor expertise in handball goalkeepers. Experimental Aging Research, 35(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610730802544641. CrossRef

Seidler, R. D., Erdeniz, B., Koppelmans, V., Hirsiger, S., Mérillat, S., & Jäncke, L. (2015). Associations between age, motor function, and resting state sensorimotor network connectivity in healthy older adults. Neuroimage, 108, 47–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.023. CrossRefPubMed

Seidler, R. D., & Stelmach, G. E. (1995). Reduction in sensorimotor control with age. Quest, 47(3), 386–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.1995.10484165. CrossRef

Skoura, X., Papaxanthis, C., Vinter, A., & Pozzo, T. (2005). Mentally represented motor actions in normal aging: I. Age effects on the temporal features of overt and covert execution of actions. Behavioural Brain Research, 165, 229–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2005.07.023. CrossRefPubMed

Stevens, J. A., Fonlupt, P., Shiffrar, M., & Decety, J. (2000). New aspects of motion perception: Selective neural encoding of apparent human movements. Neuroreport, 11(1), 109–115. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200001170-00022. CrossRefPubMed

Sturm, W., & Büssig, A. (1985). Ergänzende Normierungsdaten und Retest-Reliabilitätskoeffizienten zur Motorischen Leistungsserie (MLS) nach Schoppe [Supplementary standarization and retest reliability coefficents of the Motorische Leistungsserie (MLS) by Schoppe]. Diagnostica, 31, 234–245.

Sugovic, M., & Witt, J. K. (2013). An older view on distance perception: Older adults perceive walkable extents as farther. Experimental Brain Research, 226(3), 383–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-013-3447-y. CrossRefPubMed

Urgesi, C., Moro, V., Candidi, M., & Aglioti, S. M. (2006). Mapping implied body actions in the human motor system. The Journal of Neuroscience, 26(30), 7942–7949. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1289-06.2006. CrossRefPubMed

Valchev, N., Tidoni, E., de Hamilton, A. F. C., Gazzola, V., & Avenanti, A. (2017). Primary somatosensory cortex necessary for the perception of weight from other people’s action: A continuous theta-burst TMS experiment. Neuroimage, 152, 195–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.075. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

von Hofsten, C. (2004). An action perspective on motor development. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8(6), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.04.002. CrossRef

Wohlschläger, A., & Bekkering, H. (2002). Is human imitation based on a mirror-neurone system? Some behavioural evidence. Experimental Brain Research, 143, 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-001-0993-5. CrossRefPubMed

Wu, T., & Hallett, M. (2005). The influence of normal human ageing on automatic movements. The Journal of Physiology, 562, 605–615. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2004.076042. CrossRefPubMed

Wu, T., Kansaku, K., & Hallett, M. (2004). How self-initiated memorized movements become automatic: A functional MRI study. Journal of Neurophysiology, 91, 1690–1698. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01052.2003. CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Higher levels of motor competence are associated with reduced interference in action perception across the lifespan
Auteurs: Stephanie Wermelinger
Anja Gampe
Moritz M. Daum
Publicatiedatum: 07-11-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 3/2019
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-017-0941-z

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2019

On the relation between reading difficulty and mind-wandering: a section-length account

Episodic future thinking improves children’s prospective memory performance in a complex task setting with real life task demands

Implicit sequence learning despite multitasking: the role of across-task predictability

The roles of musical expertise and sensory feedback in beat keeping and joint action

Within-person adaptivity in frugal judgments from memory

Does hunger sharpen senses? A psychophysics investigation on the effects of appetite in the timing of reinforcement-oriented actions