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22-12-2022 | Original Article

Focused attention: its key role in gaze and arrow cues for determining where attention is directed

Auteurs: Tingkang Zhang, Yunfei Gao, Saisai Hu, Lujian Xiong, Zhijun Cheng, Yanying Tian, Jingjing Zhao, Yonghui Wang

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 6/2023

Abstract

Others’ gaze direction and traffic arrow signal lights play significant roles in guiding observers’ attention in daily life. Previous studies have shown that gaze and arrow cues can direct attention to the cued location. However, it is ambiguous where gaze and arrow cues guide attention: the cued location or a broader cued region. Therefore, the present study adopted a primary cue-target task and manipulated possible target locations to explore this issue. The results revealed that due to the different physical characteristics of non-predictive gaze and arrow cues, physically unfocused-pointing gaze cues guided attention to a broader cued region, whereas focused-pointing arrow cues guided attention to the exact cued location. Furthermore, gaze cues could also direct attention to the exact cued location when observers’ attention was focused in a top-down manner (with highly predictive probability). These findings suggest that where gaze and arrow cues direct attention depends on whether observers’ attention is focused by the cues, either in a bottom-up or top-down manner. Accordingly, a preliminary framework called the “Focused-Diffused Attentional Orienting Model” is proposed to explain how gaze and arrow cues direct humans’ attention. The present study enhances our understanding of human attentional orienting systems from a behavioral perspective.

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Titel: Focused attention: its key role in gaze and arrow cues for determining where attention is directed
Auteurs: Tingkang Zhang
Yunfei Gao
Saisai Hu
Lujian Xiong
Zhijun Cheng
Yanying Tian
Jingjing Zhao
Yonghui Wang
Publicatiedatum: 22-12-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01781-w

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