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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

01-05-2014 | Original Paper

Face and Object Discrimination in Autism, and Relationship to IQ and Age

Auteurs: Pamela M. Pallett, Shereen J. Cohen, Karen R. Dobkins

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2014

Abstract

The current study tested fine discrimination of upright and inverted faces and objects in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as compared to age- and IQ-matched controls. Discrimination sensitivity was tested using morphed faces and morphed objects, and all stimuli were equated in low-level visual characteristics (luminance, contrast, spatial frequency make-up). Participants with ASD exhibited slight, non-significant impairments in discrimination sensitivity for faces, yet significantly enhanced discrimination sensitivity for objects. The ASD group also showed a protracted development of face and object inversion effects. Finally, for ASD participants, face sensitivity improved with increasing IQ while object sensitivity improved with age. By contrast, for controls, face sensitivity improved with age, but neither face nor object sensitivity was influenced by IQ. These findings suggest that individuals with ASD follow a qualitatively different path in the development of face and object processing abilities.

vorige artikel Developing Mirror Self Awareness in Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

volgende artikel Using Self-Management to Improve the Reciprocal Social Conversation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Unfortunately, due to a glitch in our program, our faces and cars were not equated in size; however the differences in size were not very large. And, previous research has shown that the neural mechanisms underlying face and object processing are largely invariant to changes in size (Zhao and Chub 2001; Yamashita et al. 2005; Rolls et al. 1992; Grill-Spector et al. 1999).

Note that template Face 1 is always on the left side and template Face 2 is always on the right side. The reason we did not counterbalance the location of Face 1/Face 2 across trials is because this paradigm had been part of a study comparing typically developing children (4–5 year olds) with adolescents (Pallett and Dobkins 2013), where we wanted to keep things as simple as possible for the children. Because we did not counterbalance, if a participant had a bias to respond “left” rather than “right” (or vice versa), this would result in them doing better at matching the test face with Face 1 (on the left side) than with Face 2 (on the right side) (or vice versa). This is not expected to be a problem, however, because we take the average of the thresholds for matching the test face to Face 1 and Face 2, so biases should average out (and likewise for cars).

Data from the “easy trials” were not included in this analysis.

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Titel: Face and Object Discrimination in Autism, and Relationship to IQ and Age
Auteurs: Pamela M. Pallett
Shereen J. Cohen
Karen R. Dobkins
Publicatiedatum: 01-05-2014
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2014
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1955-z

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