Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

16-05-2018 | Original Paper

Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Autism-Specific Workplace Tool for Employers: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Auteurs: Melissa Scott, Marita Falkmer, Torbjörn Falkmer, Sonya Girdler

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 10/2018

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

A randomised controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of the Integrated Employment Success Tool (IEST™) in improving employers’ self-efficacy in modifying the workplace for individuals on the autism spectrum. Employers (N = 84) were randomised to the IEST™ or support as usual groups. Measurements of self-efficacy, knowledge and attitudes towards disability in the workplace were obtained at baseline and post-test. Results revealed a significant improvement in self-efficacy within the IEST™ group between baseline and post-test (p = 0.016). At post-test, there were no significant differences between groups in relation to self-efficacy in implementing autism-specific workplace modifications and employer attitudes towards disability in the workplace. Given the lack of significant outcomes, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of the IEST™ for employers. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry #ACTRN12614000771651, registered 21/7/2014. Trial URL https://​www.​anzctr.​org.​au/​Trial/​Registration/​TrialReview.​aspx?​id=​366699.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th edn., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th edn., text rev.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.CrossRef American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th edn., text rev.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.CrossRef
go back to reference Augoustinos, M., & Walker, I. (1995). Social cognition: An integrated introduction. London: Sage. Augoustinos, M., & Walker, I. (1995). Social cognition: An integrated introduction. London: Sage.
go back to reference Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010). Survey of disability, ageing and carers; cat. no. 4430.0. Canberra, ACT: Australian Government. Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010). Survey of disability, ageing and carers; cat. no. 4430.0. Canberra, ACT: Australian Government.
go back to reference Australian Bureau of Statistics (2015). Disablity, ageing and carers, Australia: Summary of findings. Canberra: ABS. Australian Bureau of Statistics (2015). Disablity, ageing and carers, Australia: Summary of findings. Canberra: ABS.
go back to reference Australian Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility. (2014). The 10th year-Progress and prospects for CSR Australia and New Zealand: The state of CSR in Australia and New Zealand annual review 2014. (pp. 1–20). Docklands: Australian Centre for Coporate Social Responsibility. Australian Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility. (2014). The 10th year-Progress and prospects for CSR Australia and New Zealand: The state of CSR in Australia and New Zealand annual review 2014. (pp. 1–20). Docklands: Australian Centre for Coporate Social Responsibility.
go back to reference Australian Human Rights Commission. (1992). Disability discrimination act (Vol. 135, pp. 1–75). Australia. Australian Human Rights Commission. (1992). Disability discrimination act (Vol. 135, pp. 1–75). Australia.
go back to reference Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
go back to reference Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control / Albert Bandura. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control / Albert Bandura. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co.
go back to reference Bandura, A. (2014). Exercise of personal agency through the self-efficacy mechanism. In R. Schwarzer (Ed.), Self-efficacy: Thought control of action (pp. 3–38). New York: Routledge. Bandura, A. (2014). Exercise of personal agency through the self-efficacy mechanism. In R. Schwarzer (Ed.), Self-efficacy: Thought control of action (pp. 3–38). New York: Routledge.
go back to reference Bartholomew, L. K., Parcel, G. S., Kok, G., Gottlieb, N. H., & Fernandez, M. E. (2011). Planning health promotion programs: An intervention mapping approach. San Francisco: Wiley. Bartholomew, L. K., Parcel, G. S., Kok, G., Gottlieb, N. H., & Fernandez, M. E. (2011). Planning health promotion programs: An intervention mapping approach. San Francisco: Wiley.
go back to reference Bölte, S., Mahdi, S., de Vries, P. J., Granlund, M., Robison, J., Shulman, C., et al. (2017). The gestalt of functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of the International Conference to Develop Final Consensus ICF Core Sets. Manuscript submitted for publication. Bölte, S., Mahdi, S., de Vries, P. J., Granlund, M., Robison, J., Shulman, C., et al. (2017). The gestalt of functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of the International Conference to Develop Final Consensus ICF Core Sets. Manuscript submitted for publication.
go back to reference Department of Industry Innovation and Science. (2016). Australian Industry Report 2016. (pp. 1–170). Canberra, ACT: Office of the Chief Economist, Department of Industry, Innovation and Science. Department of Industry Innovation and Science. (2016). Australian Industry Report 2016. (pp. 1–170). Canberra, ACT: Office of the Chief Economist, Department of Industry, Innovation and Science.
go back to reference Domzal, C., Houtenville, A., & Sharma, R. (2008). Survey of employer perspectives on the employment of people with disabilities: Technical report. (prepared under contract to the Office of Disability and Employment Policy, U.S. Department of Labor). McLean, Va: CESSI. Domzal, C., Houtenville, A., & Sharma, R. (2008). Survey of employer perspectives on the employment of people with disabilities: Technical report. (prepared under contract to the Office of Disability and Employment Policy, U.S. Department of Labor). McLean, Va: CESSI.
go back to reference Ellenkamp, J., Brouwers, E., Embregts, P., Joosen, M., & Weeghel, J. (2016). Work environment-related factors in obtaining and maintaining work in a competitive employment setting for employees with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 26(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-015-9586-1.CrossRefPubMed Ellenkamp, J., Brouwers, E., Embregts, P., Joosen, M., & Weeghel, J. (2016). Work environment-related factors in obtaining and maintaining work in a competitive employment setting for employees with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 26(1), 56–69. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10926-015-9586-1.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Gates, L., Akabas, S., & Kantrowitz, W. (1996). Supervisors’ role in successful job maintenance: A target for rehabilitation counselor efforts. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 27(3), 60–66. Gates, L., Akabas, S., & Kantrowitz, W. (1996). Supervisors’ role in successful job maintenance: A target for rehabilitation counselor efforts. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 27(3), 60–66.
go back to reference Gilbride, D., Stensrud, R., Ehlers, C., Evans, E., & Peterson, C. (2000). Employers’ attitudes toward hiring persons with disabilities and vocational rehabilitation services. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66(4), 17–23. Gilbride, D., Stensrud, R., Ehlers, C., Evans, E., & Peterson, C. (2000). Employers’ attitudes toward hiring persons with disabilities and vocational rehabilitation services. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66(4), 17–23.
go back to reference Gilbride, D., Stensrud, R., Vandergoot, D., & Golden, K. (2003). Identification of the characteristics of work environments and employers open to hiring and accommodating people with disabilities. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 46(3), 130–190.CrossRef Gilbride, D., Stensrud, R., Vandergoot, D., & Golden, K. (2003). Identification of the characteristics of work environments and employers open to hiring and accommodating people with disabilities. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 46(3), 130–190.CrossRef
go back to reference Glasman, L. R., & Albarracın, D. (2006). Forming attitudes that predict future behavior: A meta-analysis of the attitude behavior relation. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 778–822.CrossRef Glasman, L. R., & Albarracın, D. (2006). Forming attitudes that predict future behavior: A meta-analysis of the attitude behavior relation. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 778–822.CrossRef
go back to reference Greenwood, R., & Johnson, V. A. (1987). Employer perspectives on workers with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation, 53(3), 37–45. Greenwood, R., & Johnson, V. A. (1987). Employer perspectives on workers with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation, 53(3), 37–45.
go back to reference Hagner, D., & Cooney, B. (2003). Building employer capacity to support employees with severe disabilities in the workplace. Work, 21(1), 77–82.PubMed Hagner, D., & Cooney, B. (2003). Building employer capacity to support employees with severe disabilities in the workplace. Work, 21(1), 77–82.PubMed
go back to reference Hartnett, H. P., Stuart, H., Thurman, H., Loy, B., & Batiste, L. C. (2011). Employers’ perceptions of the benefits of workplace accommodations: Reasons to hire, retain and promote people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 34(1), 17–23. Hartnett, H. P., Stuart, H., Thurman, H., Loy, B., & Batiste, L. C. (2011). Employers’ perceptions of the benefits of workplace accommodations: Reasons to hire, retain and promote people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 34(1), 17–23.
go back to reference Hendricks, D. (2010). Employment and adults with autism spectrum disorders: Challenges and strategies for success. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 32(2), 125–134. Hendricks, D. (2010). Employment and adults with autism spectrum disorders: Challenges and strategies for success. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 32(2), 125–134.
go back to reference Hernandez, B., Keys, C., & Balcazar, F. (2000). Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities and their ADA employment rights: A literature review. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66(4), 4–16. Hernandez, B., Keys, C., & Balcazar, F. (2000). Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities and their ADA employment rights: A literature review. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66(4), 4–16.
go back to reference Hernandez, B., & McDonald, K. (2010). Exploring the costs and benefits of workers with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation, 76(3), 15–23. Hernandez, B., & McDonald, K. (2010). Exploring the costs and benefits of workers with disabilities. Journal of Rehabilitation, 76(3), 15–23.
go back to reference Hillier, A., Campbell, H., Mastriani, K., Izzo, M. V., Kool-Tucker, A. K., Cherry, L., et al. (2007). Two-year evaluation of a vocational support program for adults on the autism spectrum. Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, 30(1), 125–134.CrossRef Hillier, A., Campbell, H., Mastriani, K., Izzo, M. V., Kool-Tucker, A. K., Cherry, L., et al. (2007). Two-year evaluation of a vocational support program for adults on the autism spectrum. Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, 30(1), 125–134.CrossRef
go back to reference IMB Corporation (2016). IBM SPSS statistics for Windows. (24.0 ed.). Armonk, New York: IBM Corporation. IMB Corporation (2016). IBM SPSS statistics for Windows. (24.0 ed.). Armonk, New York: IBM Corporation.
go back to reference Ju, S., Roberts, E., & Zhang, D. (2013). Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities: A review of research in the past decade. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 38(2), 113–123. Ju, S., Roberts, E., & Zhang, D. (2013). Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities: A review of research in the past decade. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 38(2), 113–123.
go back to reference Kregel, J., & Tomiyasu, Y. (1992). General Scale: [Form B.] Joint project of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment at Virginia Commonwealth University. Richmond: Richmond, Virginia, and Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. Kregel, J., & Tomiyasu, Y. (1992). General Scale: [Form B.] Joint project of the Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment at Virginia Commonwealth University. Richmond: Richmond, Virginia, and Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
go back to reference Livermore, G., & Goodman, N. (2009). A review of recent evaluation efforts associated with programs and policies designed to promote the employment of adults with disabilities. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Employment Policy. Livermore, G., & Goodman, N. (2009). A review of recent evaluation efforts associated with programs and policies designed to promote the employment of adults with disabilities. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Employment Policy.
go back to reference Luecking, R. G. (2008). Emerging employer views of people with disabilities and the future of job development. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 29(1), 3–13. Luecking, R. G. (2008). Emerging employer views of people with disabilities and the future of job development. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 29(1), 3–13.
go back to reference McBride, N. (2016). Intervention research: A practical guide for developing evidence-based school prevention programmes. Singapore: Springer.CrossRef McBride, N. (2016). Intervention research: A practical guide for developing evidence-based school prevention programmes. Singapore: Springer.CrossRef
go back to reference Morgan, R. L., & Alexander, M. (2005). The employer’s perception: employment of individuals with developmental disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 23(1), 39–49. Morgan, R. L., & Alexander, M. (2005). The employer’s perception: employment of individuals with developmental disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 23(1), 39–49.
go back to reference Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2010). Sickness, disability and work: Breaking the barriers (A synthesis of findings across OECD countries). Paris: OECD. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2010). Sickness, disability and work: Breaking the barriers (A synthesis of findings across OECD countries). Paris: OECD.
go back to reference Portney, L. G., & Watkins, M. P. (2009). Foundations of clinical research: Applications to practice (3rd edn.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Portney, L. G., & Watkins, M. P. (2009). Foundations of clinical research: Applications to practice (3rd edn.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
go back to reference Qualtrics. (2005). Qualtrics (November 2015 ed. Vol. 2015). Provo: Qualtrics. Qualtrics. (2005). Qualtrics (November 2015 ed. Vol. 2015). Provo: Qualtrics.
go back to reference Russo, R. J. (1999). Applying a strengths-based practice approach in working with people with developmental disabilities and their families. Families in Society, 80(1), 25–33.CrossRef Russo, R. J. (1999). Applying a strengths-based practice approach in working with people with developmental disabilities and their families. Families in Society, 80(1), 25–33.CrossRef
go back to reference Schneidert, M., Hurst, R., Miller, J., & Ustun, B. (2003). The role of environment in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Disability and Rehabilitation, 25(11–12), 588–595.CrossRef Schneidert, M., Hurst, R., Miller, J., & Ustun, B. (2003). The role of environment in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Disability and Rehabilitation, 25(11–12), 588–595.CrossRef
go back to reference Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials. Open Medicine, 4(1), e60–e68. Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials. Open Medicine, 4(1), e60–e68.
go back to reference Smith, K., Webber, L., Graffam, J., & Wilson, C. (2004). Employer satisfaction with employees with a disability: Comparisons with other employees. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 21, 61–69. Smith, K., Webber, L., Graffam, J., & Wilson, C. (2004). Employer satisfaction with employees with a disability: Comparisons with other employees. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 21, 61–69.
go back to reference Unger, D. (2007). Addressing employer personnel needs and improving employment training, job placement and retention for individuals with disabilities through public-private partnerships. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 26(1), 39–48. Unger, D. (2007). Addressing employer personnel needs and improving employment training, job placement and retention for individuals with disabilities through public-private partnerships. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 26(1), 39–48.
go back to reference Unger, D., & Kregel, J. (2003). Employers’ knowledge and utilization of accommodations. Work, 21(1), 5–15.PubMed Unger, D., & Kregel, J. (2003). Employers’ knowledge and utilization of accommodations. Work, 21(1), 5–15.PubMed
go back to reference United Nations. (2006). Conventions on the rights of persons with disabiltieis and optional protocol. New York: United Nations. United Nations. (2006). Conventions on the rights of persons with disabiltieis and optional protocol. New York: United Nations.
go back to reference Wantland, D. J., Portillo, C. J., Holzemer, W. L., Slaughter, R., & McGhee, E. M. (2004). The effectiveness of web-based vs. non-web-based interventions: A meta-analysis of behavioral change outcomes. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(4), e40.CrossRef Wantland, D. J., Portillo, C. J., Holzemer, W. L., Slaughter, R., & McGhee, E. M. (2004). The effectiveness of web-based vs. non-web-based interventions: A meta-analysis of behavioral change outcomes. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(4), e40.CrossRef
go back to reference World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva: WHO. World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva: WHO.
Metagegevens
Titel
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Autism-Specific Workplace Tool for Employers: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Auteurs
Melissa Scott
Marita Falkmer
Torbjörn Falkmer
Sonya Girdler
Publicatiedatum
16-05-2018
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 10/2018
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3611-0