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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence 2/2017

12-10-2016 | Empirical Research

Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review

Auteurs: Johanna Özlem Schäfer, Eva Naumann, Emily Alexandra Holmes, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier, Andrea Christiane Samson

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 2/2017

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Abstract

The role of emotion regulation in subclinical symptoms of mental disorders in adolescence is not yet well understood. This meta-analytic review examines the relationship between the habitual use of prominent adaptive emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, problem solving, and acceptance) and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (avoidance, suppression, and rumination) with depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescence. Analyzing 68 effect sizes from 35 studies, we calculated overall outcomes across depressive and anxiety symptoms as well as psychopathology-specific outcomes. Age was examined as a continuous moderator via meta-regression models. The results from random effects analyses revealed that the habitual use of all emotion regulation strategies was significantly related to depressive and anxiety symptoms overall, with the adaptive emotion regulation strategies showing negative associations (i.e., less symptoms) with depressive and anxiety symptoms whereas the maladaptive emotion regulation strategies showed positive associations (i.e., more symptoms). A less frequent use of adaptive and a more frequent use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies were associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms comparably in the respective directions. Regarding the psychopathology-specific outcomes, depressive and anxiety symptoms displayed similar patterns across emotion regulation strategies showing the strongest negative associations with acceptance, and strongest positive associations with avoidance and rumination. The findings underscore the relevance of adaptive and also maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in depressive and anxiety symptoms in youth, and highlight the need to further investigate the patterns of emotion regulation as a potential transdiagnostic factor.
Voetnoten
1
Note, that the flexibility with and the context in which an emotion regulation strategy is used, influence their psychopathological outcome as well. The context may determine whether the use of an emotion regulation strategy is effective or even harmful, i.e., the use of a habitually used maladaptive emotion regulation strategy may be advantageous in the short term or a distinct situation, respectively. Relatedly, the use of an emotion regulation strategy that is assumed to be adaptive may be unsuccessful or harmful when used in a rigid manner or an inappropriate context (Aldao 2013).
 
2
In the initial search we also included eating disorder and borderline personality disorder symptoms which were not included for further analyses.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review
Auteurs
Johanna Özlem Schäfer
Eva Naumann
Emily Alexandra Holmes
Brunna Tuschen-Caffier
Andrea Christiane Samson
Publicatiedatum
12-10-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0585-0

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