Top

Gepubliceerd in:

06-06-2015 | Empirical Research

Bystander Action in Situations of Dating and Sexual Aggression: A Mixed Methodological Study of High School Youth

Auteurs: Katie M. Edwards, Kara Anne Rodenhizer-Stämpfli, Robert P. Eckstein

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 12/2015

Abstract

Bystander action is a critical component of dating and sexual aggression prevention; however, little is known about barriers and facilitators of bystander action among high school youth and in what situations youth are willing to engage in bystander action. The current study examined bystander action in situations of dating and sexual aggression using a mixed methodological design. Participants included primarily Caucasian (83.0 %, n = 181) male (54.6 %, n = 119) and female (44.5 %, n = 97) high school youth (N = 218). Most (93.6 %) students had the opportunity to take action during the past year in situations of dating or sexual aggression; being female and histories of dating and sexual aggression related to bystander action. Thematic analysis of the focus group data identified barriers (e.g., the aggression not meeting a certain threshold, anticipated negative consequences) to bystander action, as well as insight on promising forms of action (e.g., verbally telling the perpetrator to stop, getting a teacher); problematic intervention methods (e.g., threatening or using physical violence to stop the perpetrator) were also noted. Implications for programming are discussed.

vorige artikel Victim Reports of Bystander Reactions to In-Person and Online Peer Harassment: A National Survey of Adolescents

volgende artikel A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Positive Action Program in a Low-Income, Racially Diverse, Rural County: Effects on Self-Esteem, School Hassles, Aggression, and Internalizing Symptoms

At one of our participating schools, the vast majority of participants were White and our institutional review board urged us not to ask the racial identification question since this could make the data identifiable as opposed to anonymous. We thus used published data from the state’s department of education to represent the racial identification of the school where we could not collect this data directly from participants, and this data is included in the overall sample estimate above. Because we cannot connect the specific racial identification of each participant to their other data at this one school, we did not use racial identification in the inferential analyses as a correlate of dating and sexual aggression bystander action.

Banyard, V. L. (2008). Measurement and correlates of pro-social bystander behavior: The case of interpersonal violence. Violence and Victims, 23, 85–99. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.23.1.83.CrossRef

Banyard, V. L. (2011). Who will help prevent sexual violence: Creating an ecological model of bystander intervention. Psychology of Violence, 1, 216–229. doi:10.1037/a0023739.CrossRef

Banyard, V. L. (2013). Go big or go home: Reaching for a more integrated view of violence prevention. Psychology of Violence, 3, 115–120. doi:10.1037/a0032289.CrossRef

Banyard, V. L., & Moynihan, M. M. (2011). Variation in bystander behavior related to sexual and intimate partner violence prevention: Correlates in a sample of college students. Psychology of Violence, 1, 287–301. doi:10.1037/a0023544.CrossRef

Basile, K. C., Hamburger, M. E., Swahn, M. H., & Choi, C. (2013). Sexual violence perpetration by adolescents in dating versus same-sex peer relationships: Differences in associated risk and protective factors. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 14, 329–340. doi:10.5811/westjem.2013.3.15684.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Bennett, S., & Banyard, V. L. (2014). Do friends really help friends? The effect of relational factors and perceived severity on bystander perception of sexual violence. Psychology of Violence. doi:10.1037/a0037708.

Bennett, S., Banyard, V. L., & Garnhart, L. (2014). To act or not to act, that is the question? Barriers and facilitators of bystander intervention. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29, 476–496. doi:10.1177/0886260513505210.CrossRefPubMed

Black, M. C., Basile, K. C., Breiding, M. J., Smith, S. G., Walters, M. L., Merrick, M. T., et al. (2011). The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey (NISVS): 2010 summary report. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.CrossRef

Brown, A. L., Banyard, V. L., & Moynihan, M. M. (2014). College students as helpful bystanders against sexual violence: Gender, race, and year in college moderate the impact of perceived peer norms. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38, 350–362. doi:10.1177/0361684314526855.CrossRef

Burn, S. M. (2009). A situational model of sexual assault prevention through bystander intervention. Sex Roles, 60(11–12), 779–792. doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9581-5.CrossRef

Bystander Measure Meeting. (2014). University of New Hampshire’s International Family Violence and Child Victimization Research Conference, Durham NH.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Youth risk behavior survey. www.cdc.gov/yrbs.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Teen dating violence. http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/intimatepartnerviolence/teen_dating_violence.html.

Coker, A. L., Davis, K. E., Arias, I., Desai, S., Sanderson, M., Brandt, H. M., & Smith, P. H. (2002). Physical and mental health effects of intimate partner violence for men and women. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 23, 260–268. doi:10.1016/S0749-37970200514-7.CrossRefPubMed

Dardis, C. M., Dixon, K. J., Edwards, K. M., & Turchik, J. A. (2014). An examination of the factors related to dating violence perpetration among young men and young women and associated theoretical explanations: A review of the literature. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse. doi:10.1177/1524838013517559.

de Bruijn, P., Burrie, I., & van Wel, F. (2006). A risky boundary: Unwanted sexual behaviour among youth. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 12, 81–96. doi:10.1080/13552600600841631.CrossRef

Eckstein, R. P., Moynihan, M.M., Banyard, V. L., & Plante, E. (2013) Bringing in the bystander: Facilitator’s guide. http://cola.unh.edu/prevention-innovations/bringing-bystander.

Edwards, K. M., Mattingly, M. J., Dixon, K. J., & Banyard, V. L. (2014). Community matters: Intimate partner violence among rural young adults. American Journal of Community Psychology, 53, 198–207. doi:10.1007/s10464-014-9633-7.CrossRefPubMed

Edwards, K. M., Murphy, M. J., Tansill, E. C., Myrick, C. A., Probst, D. R., Corsa, R., & Gidycz, C. A. (2012). A qualitative analysis of college women’s leaving processes in abusive relationships. Journal of American College Health, 60, 204–210. doi:10.1080/07448481.2011.586387.CrossRefPubMed

Edwards, K. M., Rodenhizer-Stämpfli, K., & Eckstein, R. P. (2015). Dating and sexual violence bystander intervention: A mixed methodological study of high school teachers. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Espeleage, D. L., Low, S. K., Anderson, C., & De La Ru, L. (2014). Bullying, dating and sexual aggression trajectories from early to late adolescence. National Institute of Justice report. https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/246830.pdf.

Ferrans, S. D., Selman, R. L., & Feigenberg, L. F. (2012). Rules of the culture and personal needs: Witnesses’ decision-making processes to deal with situations of bullying in middle school. Harvard Educational Review, 82, 445–470.CrossRef

Foshee, V. A., Bauman, K. E., Arriaga, X. B., Helms, R. W., Koch, G. G., & Linder, G. (1998). An evaluation of Safe Dates, an adolescent dating violence prevention program. American Journal of Public Health, 88, 45–50.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Foshee, V. A., Bauman, K. E., Ennett, S. T., Suchindran, C., Benefield, T., & Linder, G. F. (2005). Assessing the effects of the dating violence prevention program ‘Safe Dates’ using random coefficient regression modeling. Prevention Science, 6, 245–258. doi:10.1007/s11121-005-0007-0.CrossRefPubMed

Foshee, V., Benefield, T., Ennett, S., Bauman, K., & Suchindran, C. (2004). Longitudinal predictors of serious physical and sexual dating violence victimization during adolescence. Preventive Medicine, 39, 1007–1016. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.014.CrossRefPubMed

Foshee, V. A., & Langwick, S. (2010). Safe dates (2nd ed.). Center City, MN: Hazelden.

Frye, V. (2007). The informal social control of intimate partner violence against women: Exploring personal attitudes and perceived neighborhood social cohesion. Journal of Community Psychology, 35, 1001–1018. doi:10.1002/jcop.20209.CrossRef

Frye, V., Galea, S., Tracy, M., Bucciarelli, A., Putnam, S., & Wilt, S. (2008). The role of neighborhood environment and risk of intimate partner femicide in a large urban area. American Journal of Public Health, 98, 1473–1479. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.112813.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Furman, W., & Wehner, E. A. (1997). Adolescent romantic relationships: A developmental perspective. In S. Shulman & W. A. Collins (Eds.), Romantic relationships in adolescence: Developmental perspectives (pp. 21–36). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Hamby, S., Finkelhor, D., Turner, H., & Ormrod, R. (2011). Children’s exposure to intimate partner violence and other family violence (NCJ232272). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.

Hamby, S., & Grych, J. (2013). The web of violence: Exploring connections among different forms of interpersonal violence and abuse. New York, NY: Springer.CrossRef

Jaffe, P. G., Sudermann, M., Reitzel, D., & Killip, S. M. (1992). An evaluation of a secondary school primary prevention program on violence in intimate relationships. Violence and Victims, 7, 129–146.PubMed

Koelsch, L. E., Brown, A. L., & Boisen, L. (2012). Bystander perceptions: Implications for University Sexual Assault Prevention Programs. Violence and Victims, 27, 563–579. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.27.4.563.CrossRefPubMed

Lanza, S. T., & Collins, L. M. (2008). A new SAS procedure for latent transition analysis: Transitions in dating and sexual risk behavior. Developmental Psychology, 44, 446–456. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.2.446.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Latane, B., & Darley, J. M. (1970). The unresponsive bystander: Why doesn’t he help? New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Latane, B., & Rodin, J. (1969). A lady in distress: Inhibiting effects of friends and strangers on bystander intervention. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 5(2), 189–202.CrossRef

Manganello, J. A. (2008). Teens, dating violence, and media use: A review of the literature and conceptual model for future research. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 9(1), 3–18. doi:10.1177/1524838007309804.

Markiewicz, D., Lawford, H., Doyle, A., & Haggart, N. (2006). Developmental differences in adolescents’ and young adults’ use of mothers, fathers, best friends, and romantic partners to fulfill attachment needs. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 127–140. doi:10.1007/s10964-005-9014-5.CrossRef

Marwick, A., & Boyd, D. (2014). ‘It's just drama’: Teen perspectives on conflict and aggression in a networked era. Journal of Youth Studies, 17, 1187–204. doi:10.1080/13676261.2014.901493.

McCauley, H. L., Tancredi, D. J., Silverman, J. G., Decker, M. R., Austin, S. B., McCormick, M. C., et al. (2013). Gender-equitable attitudes, bystander behavior, and recent abuse perpetration against heterosexual dating partners of male high school athletes. American Journal of Public Health, 103, 1882–1887. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301443.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

McMahon, S. (2010). Rape myth beliefs and bystander attitudes among incoming college students. Journal of American College Health, 59, 3–11. doi:10.1080/07448481.2010.483715.CrossRefPubMed

McMahon, S., & Farmer, G. L. (2011). An updated measure for assessing subtle rape myths. Social Work Research, 35, 71–81. doi:10.1093/swr/35.2.71.CrossRef

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Noonan, R., & Charles, D. (2009). Developing teen dating violence prevention strategies: Formative research with middle school youth. Violence Against Women, 15, 1087–1105. doi:10.1177/1077801209340761.CrossRefPubMed

Norona, J. C., Thorne, A., Kerrick, M. R., Farwood, H. B., & Korobov, N. (2013). Patterns of intimacy and distancing as young women (and men) friends exchange stories of romantic relationships. Sex Roles, 68, 439–453. doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0262-7.CrossRef

Pozzoli, T., & Gini, G. (2010a). Active defending and passive bystanding behavior in bullying: The role of personal characteristics and perceived peer pressure. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 815–827. doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9399-9.CrossRefPubMed

Pozzoli, T., & Gini, G. (2010b). Why do bystanders of bullying help or not? Journal of Early Adolescence, 33, 315–340. doi:10.1177/0272431612440172.CrossRef

Pozzoli, T., Gini, G., & Vieno, A. (2012). The role of individual correlates and class norms in defending and passive bystanding behavior in bullying: A multilevel analysis. Child Development, 83, 1917–1931. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01831.x.CrossRefPubMed

Reyes, H. M., & Foshee, V. A. (2013). Sexual dating aggression across grades 8 through 12: Timing and predictors of onset. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 581–595. doi:10.1007/s10964-012-9864-6.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., & Kaukialnen, A. (1996). Bullying as a group process: Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group. Aggressive Behavior, 22, 1–15.

Taylor, Bruce G., Stein, Nan D., Mumford, Elizabeth A., & Woods, Daniel. (2013). Shifting boundaries: An experimental evaluation of a dating violence prevention program in middle schools. Prevention Science, 14, 64–76.CrossRefPubMed

Taylor, K. A., Sullivan, T. N., & Farrell, A. D. (2015). Longitudinal relationships between individual and class norms supporting dating violence and perpetration of dating violence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44, 745–760. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0195-7.CrossRefPubMed

Tjaden, P., & Thoennes, N. (2001). Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of violence against women: Findings from the national violence against women survey. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.

Vagi, K. J., Rothman, E. F., Latzman, N. E., Tharp, A. T., Hall, D. M., & Breiding, M. J. (2013). Beyond correlates: A review of risk and protective factors for adolescent dating violence perpetration. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 633–649. doi:10.1007/s10964-013-9907-7.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Van Camp, T., Hébert, M., Guidi, E., Lavoie, F., & Blais, M. (2014). Teens’ self-efficacy to deal with dating violence as victim, perpetrator or bystander. International Review of Victimology,. doi:10.1177/0269758014521741.

Weisz, A. N., & Black, B. M. (2008). Peer intervention in dating violence: Beliefs of African-American middle school adolescents. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 17, 177–196. doi:10.1080/15313200801947223.CrossRef

Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Ruggiero, K. J., Danielson, C. K., Resnick, H. S., Hanson, R. F., Smith, D. W., et al. (2008). Prevalence and correlates of dating violence in a national sample of adolescents. Journal of The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 755–762. doi:10.1097/CHI.0b013e318172ef5f.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Titel: Bystander Action in Situations of Dating and Sexual Aggression: A Mixed Methodological Study of High School Youth
Auteurs: Katie M. Edwards
Kara Anne Rodenhizer-Stämpfli
Robert P. Eckstein
Publicatiedatum: 06-06-2015
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 12/2015
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0307-z

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2015

Prosocial Bystander Behavior in Bullying Dynamics: Assessing the Impact of Social Capital

Jamel K. Donnor and Adrienne D. Dixson (Eds.): The Resegregation of Schools: Education and Race in the Twenty-First Century

Emerging Scholar Best Article Award, 2015

Jennifer W. Shewmaker: Sexualized Media Messages and Our Children: Teaching Kids to be Smart Critics and Consumers

A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Positive Action Program in a Low-Income, Racially Diverse, Rural County: Effects on Self-Esteem, School Hassles, Aggression, and Internalizing Symptoms

Jeffery W. Cohen and Robert A. Brooks: Confronting School Bullying: Kids, Culture, and the Making of a Social Problem