Top

Gepubliceerd in:

17-01-2023 | Research

Using synchronized eye movements to assess attentional engagement

Auteurs: Qing Liu, Xueyao Yang, Zekai Chen, Wenjuan Zhang

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 7/2023

Abstract

The gradual emergence of online education in China in recent years requires new means of real-time monitoring and timely feedback to students. This research examines the effectiveness of synchronized eye movement assessment of attention engagement through two experiments. The first experiment used 24 university students in school as participants and made them watch the same video in high and low attentional engagement states (serial subtraction task) to compare the Inter-Subject Correlation (ISC) of participants’ eye movements in different conditions. The results showed that the ISC of eye movements was significantly higher for participants in a high attentional engagement state than for participants in a low attentional engagement state. The second experiment had 26 university students in school as participants, as part of which they were made to watch video materials under the condition of having eye movement modeling examples. The results showed that the ISC of eye movements was significantly lower for participants in the group with eye movement modeling examples than those without eye movement modeling examples. However, overall test scores were significantly higher in the former than the latter. The first experiment showed that the eye movement trajectories of participants with high attentional engagement were more consistent than of those with low attentional engagement. Therefore, the ISC of participants’ eye movements could be used as an objective indicator to assess and predict students’ attentional conditions during online education. The second experiment showed that the eye movement modeling examples interfered with the participants’ attention distribution to some extent; nevertheless, they positively affected the improvement in teaching effectiveness. Overall, the studies showed that the Inter-Subject Correlation is reliable to assess attentional engagement status in domestic online education.

vorige artikel Attentional prioritisation and facilitation for similar stimuli in visual working memory

volgende artikel Learned cognitive control counteracts value-driven attentional capture

Becker, S. I., Manoharan, R. T., & Folk, C. L. (2021). The attentional blink: A relational account of attentional engagement. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28, 219–227.CrossRef

Bissoli, A., Lavino-Junior, D., Sime, M., Encarnação, L., & Bastos-Filho, T. (2019). A human-machine interface based on eye tracking for controlling and monitoring a smart home using the internet of things. Sensors (basel), 19(4), 859.CrossRefPubMed

Brinton, C. G., Chiang, M., Jain, S., Lam, H., Liu, Z., & Wong, F. (2014). Learning about social learning in moocs: From statistical analysis to generative model. Learning Technologies, IEEE Transactions on, 7(4), 346–359.CrossRef

Bristow, T., Jih, C. S., Slabich, A., & Gunn, J. (2016). Standardization and adult norms for the sequential subtracting tasks of serial 3’s and 7’s. Applied Neuropsychology Adult, 23(5), 372–378.CrossRefPubMed

Bucher, H. J., & Schumacher, P. (2006). The relevance of attention for selecting news content: An eye-tracking study on attention patterns in the reception of print and online media. Communications, 31(3), 347–368.CrossRef

Chevet, G., Baccino, T., Marlot, L., Vinter, A., & Drai-Zerbib, V. (2022). Effects of interruption on eye movements and comprehension during reading on digital devices. Learning and Instruction, 80, 101565.CrossRef

Deubel, H., & Schneider, W. X. (1996). Saccade target selection and object recognition: Evidence for a common attentional mechanism. Vision Research, 36, 1827–1837.CrossRefPubMed

Franchak, J. M., Heeger, D. J., Hasson, U., & Adolph, K. E. (2016). Free viewing gaze behavior in infants and adults. Infancy, 21(3), 262.CrossRefPubMed

Guo, P. J., Kim, J., & Rubin, R. (2014). How video production affects student engagement: an empirical study of MOOC videos. Acm Conference on Learning. ACM.

Hasson, U., Landesman, O., Knappmeyer, B., Vallines, I., Rubin, N., & Heeger, D. (2008). Neurocinematics: The neuroscience of film. Projections, 2(1), 1–26.CrossRef

Jarodzka, H., Holmqvist, K., & Gruber, H. (2017). Eye tracking in educational science: Theoretical frameworks and research agendas. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 10(1), 1–18.CrossRef

Jarodzka, H., Holmqvist, K., Nyström, M., Scheiter, K., Gerjets, P., & Eika, B. (2012). Conveying clinical reasoning based on visual observation via eye-movement modelling examples. Instructional Science, 40(5), 813–827.CrossRef

Juuti, K., Lavonen, J., Salonen, V., Salmela-Aro, K., Schneider, B., & Krajcik, J. (2021). A teacher-researcher partnership for professional learning: Co-designing project-based learning units to increase student engagement in science classes. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 32(6), 625–641.CrossRef

Kizilcec, R. F., Piech, C., & Schneider, E. (2013). Deconstructing disengagement: Analyzing learner subpopulations in massive open online courses. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, ACM (pp.170–179).

Koller, D., Ng, A., Do, C., & Chen, Z. (2013). Retention and intention in massive open online courses: In depth. Educause Review, 48(3), 62–63.

Loftus, E. F., & Suppes, P. (1972). Structural variables that determine problem-solving difficulty in computer-assisted instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 63(6), 531–542.CrossRef

Lu, R. H., Zhang, X. L., & Shi, J. N. (2021). The application of eye- movement technique in the study of individual cognitive differences. Journal of Psychological Science, 44(3), 552–558.

Madsen, J., Julio, S. U., Pawel, J. G., Richard, S., & Lucas, C. P. (2020). Synchronized eye movements predict test scores in online video education. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(5), e2016980118.CrossRef

Mason, L., Pluchino, P., & Tornatora, M. C. (2015). Eye-movement modeling of integrative reading of an illustrated text: Effects on processing and learning. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 41, 172–187.CrossRef

Mathôt, S., & Van der Stigchel, S. (2015). New light on the Mind’s eye: The pupillary light response as active vision. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(5), 374–378.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mayer, R. (2014). The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Bakia, M., & Jones, K. (2009). Evaluation of evidence-based practices in online learning: a meta-analysis and review of online learning studies. Us Department of Education.

Miao, J., Chang, J., & Ma, L. (2022). Teacher-student interaction, student-student interaction and social presence: Their impacts on learning engagement in online learning environments. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 183(6), 514–526.CrossRefPubMed

Newmann, F. M., Wehlage, G. G., & Lamborn, S. D. (1992). The significance and sources of student engagement. Student engagement and achievement in American secondary schools.

Petersen, S. E., & Posner, M. I. (2012). The attention system of the human brain: 20 years after. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 35(1), 73–89.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124(3), 372–422.CrossRefPubMed

Robinson, C. C., & Hullinger, H. (2008). New benchmarks in higher education: Student engagement in online learning. Journal of Education for Business, 84(2), 101–109.CrossRef

Smith, T. J., & Mital, P. K. (2013). Attentional synchrony and the influence of viewing task on gaze behavior in static and dynamic scenes. Journal of Vision, 13(8), 146–147.CrossRef

Trowler, P., & Trowler, V. (2010). Student engagement evidence summary. The Higher Education Academy.

van den Brink, R. L., Murphy, P. R., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2016). Pupil diameter tracks lapses of attention. PLoS ONE, 11(10), e0165274.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Wolff, C. E., Van, D., Jarodzka, H., & Boshuizen, H. (2015). Keeping an eye on learning: Differences between expert and novice teachers’ representations of classroom management events. Journal of Teacher Education the Journal of Policy Practice & Research in Teacher Education, 66(1), 68–85.

Yang, F. Y., Chang, C. Y., Chien, W. R., Chien, Y. T., & Tseng, Y. H. (2013). Tracking learners’ visual attention during a multimedia presentation in a real classroom. Computers & Education, 62, 208–220.CrossRef

Yu, K. Y. T., Goh, K. H., & Kawasaki, S. (2022). Investigating electronic word-of-mouth on social media: An eye-tracking approach. Human Resource Management, 61(5), 599–616.CrossRef

Zivony, A., & Eimer, M. (2021). Distractor intrusions are the result of delayed attentional engagement: A new temporal variability account of attentional selectivity in dynamic visual tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(1), 23–41.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Using synchronized eye movements to assess attentional engagement
Auteurs: Qing Liu
Xueyao Yang
Zekai Chen
Wenjuan Zhang
Publicatiedatum: 17-01-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 7/2023
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-023-01791-2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 7/2023

Attentional prioritisation and facilitation for similar stimuli in visual working memory

Action–effect knowledge transfers to similar effect stimuli

The effect of age on task switching: updated and extended meta-analyses

A comparative study of the cognitive load of basic-level category, superordinate category and subordinate category

Individual differences in the frequency of voluntary & involuntary episodic memories, future thoughts, and counterfactual thoughts

Using pointing gestures to convey tactical information: investigating the roles of expertise and complexity