Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 7/2022

15-07-2021 | Original Paper

Slowness Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Blind Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Study

Auteurs: Bruno Gepner, Aurore Charrier, Thomas Arciszewski, Carole Tardif

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 7/2022

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

The world often goes too fast for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to process. We tested the therapeutic effectiveness of input slowing in children with ASD. Over 12 months, 12 children with ASD had weekly speech therapy sessions where stimuli were slowly played on a PC, while 11 age- and level-matched children with ASD had speech therapy using real-time stimuli. At the beginning and end of the study, all participants were assessed on communication, imitation, facial emotion recognition, behavior, and face exploration. Whereas communication and facial emotion recognition improved in both groups, imitation increased, inappropriate behaviors decreased, and time spent fixating mouth and eyes increased solely in the group using slowness. Slowness therapy seems very promising for ASD children.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference Adrien, J. L., Lenoir, P., Martineau, J., Hameury, L., Lamande, C., & Sauvage, D. (1993). Blind ratings of early symptoms of autism based upon family home movies. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(3), 617–626.CrossRef Adrien, J. L., Lenoir, P., Martineau, J., Hameury, L., Lamande, C., & Sauvage, D. (1993). Blind ratings of early symptoms of autism based upon family home movies. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(3), 617–626.CrossRef
go back to reference Agence nationale de l’évaluation et de la qualité des établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux (ANESM), Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS). (2012). Recommandation de bonnes pratiques. Autisme et autres troubles envahissants du développement: interventions éducatives et thérapeutiques coordonnées chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Méthode Recommandations par consensus formalisé. Argumentaire scientifique. Saint-Denis La Plaine: ANESM, HAS. Agence nationale de l’évaluation et de la qualité des établissements et services sociaux et médico-sociaux (ANESM), Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS). (2012). Recommandation de bonnes pratiques. Autisme et autres troubles envahissants du développement: interventions éducatives et thérapeutiques coordonnées chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Méthode Recommandations par consensus formalisé. Argumentaire scientifique. Saint-Denis La Plaine: ANESM, HAS.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind. MIT Press. Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind. MIT Press.
go back to reference Beadle-Brown, J. D., & Whiten, A. (2004). Elicited imitation in children and adults with autism: Is there a deficit? Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 29, 147–163.CrossRef Beadle-Brown, J. D., & Whiten, A. (2004). Elicited imitation in children and adults with autism: Is there a deficit? Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 29, 147–163.CrossRef
go back to reference Brigdnell, A., Chenausky, K. V., Song, H., Zhu, J., Suo, C., & Morgan, A. T. (2018). Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorders in minimally verbal children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 11, CD012324. Brigdnell, A., Chenausky, K. V., Song, H., Zhu, J., Suo, C., & Morgan, A. T. (2018). Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorders in minimally verbal children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 11, CD012324.
go back to reference Cermak, S. A., Coster, W., & Drake, C. (1980). Representational and non-representational gestures in boys with learning disabilities. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 34, 19–26.CrossRef Cermak, S. A., Coster, W., & Drake, C. (1980). Representational and non-representational gestures in boys with learning disabilities. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 34, 19–26.CrossRef
go back to reference Charman, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1994). Another look at imitation in autism. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 403–413.CrossRef Charman, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1994). Another look at imitation in autism. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 403–413.CrossRef
go back to reference Chawarska, K., Macari, S., & Shic, F. (2012). Context modulates attention to social scenes in toddlers with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(8), 903–913.PubMedCrossRef Chawarska, K., Macari, S., & Shic, F. (2012). Context modulates attention to social scenes in toddlers with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(8), 903–913.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dalton, K. M., Nacewicz, B. M., Johnstone, T., Schaefer, H. S., Gernsbacher, M. A., Goldsmith, H. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2005). Gaze fixation and the neural circuitry of face processing in autism. Nature Neuroscience, 8(4), 519–526.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Dalton, K. M., Nacewicz, B. M., Johnstone, T., Schaefer, H. S., Gernsbacher, M. A., Goldsmith, H. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2005). Gaze fixation and the neural circuitry of face processing in autism. Nature Neuroscience, 8(4), 519–526.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference De Gelder, B., Vroomen, J., & van der Heide, L. (1991). Face recognition and lip-reading in autism. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 3, 69–86.CrossRef De Gelder, B., Vroomen, J., & van der Heide, L. (1991). Face recognition and lip-reading in autism. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 3, 69–86.CrossRef
go back to reference Dunn, L. M., Theriault-Whalen, C. M., & Dunn, L. M. (1993). Echelle de vocabulaire en images Peabody. Adaptation française du Peabody Picture Vocabulary test-revised. ATM. Dunn, L. M., Theriault-Whalen, C. M., & Dunn, L. M. (1993). Echelle de vocabulaire en images Peabody. Adaptation française du Peabody Picture Vocabulary test-revised. ATM.
go back to reference Falck-Ytter, T., Fernell, E., Gillberg, C., & Von Hofsten, C. (2010). Face scanning distinguishes social from communication impairments in autism. Developmental Science, 13(6), 864–875.PubMedCrossRef Falck-Ytter, T., Fernell, E., Gillberg, C., & Von Hofsten, C. (2010). Face scanning distinguishes social from communication impairments in autism. Developmental Science, 13(6), 864–875.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Flippin, M., Reszka, S., & Watson, L. R. (2010). Effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on communication and speech for children with autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Speech and Language Pathology, 19, 178–195.CrossRef Flippin, M., Reszka, S., & Watson, L. R. (2010). Effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on communication and speech for children with autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Speech and Language Pathology, 19, 178–195.CrossRef
go back to reference Frazier, T. W., Strauss, M., Klingemier, E. W., Zetzer, E. E., Hardan, A. Y., Eng, C., & Youngstrom, E. A. (2017). A meta-analysis of gaze differences to social and nonsocial information between individuals with and without Autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(7), 546–555.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Frazier, T. W., Strauss, M., Klingemier, E. W., Zetzer, E. E., Hardan, A. Y., Eng, C., & Youngstrom, E. A. (2017). A meta-analysis of gaze differences to social and nonsocial information between individuals with and without Autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(7), 546–555.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Gaab, N., Gabrieli, J. D., Deutsch, G. K., Tallal, P., & Temple, E. (2007). Neural correlates of rapid auditory processing are disrupted in children with developmental dyslexia and ameliorated with training: An fMRI study. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 25, 295–310.PubMed Gaab, N., Gabrieli, J. D., Deutsch, G. K., Tallal, P., & Temple, E. (2007). Neural correlates of rapid auditory processing are disrupted in children with developmental dyslexia and ameliorated with training: An fMRI study. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 25, 295–310.PubMed
go back to reference Gepner, B. (2014). Autismes: Ralentir le monde extérieur, calmer le monde intérieur. Odile Jacob. Gepner, B. (2014). Autismes: Ralentir le monde extérieur, calmer le monde intérieur. Odile Jacob.
go back to reference Gepner, B., & Féron, F. (2009). Autism: A world changing too fast for a mis-wired brain? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 33(8), 1227–1242.CrossRef Gepner, B., & Féron, F. (2009). Autism: A world changing too fast for a mis-wired brain? Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 33(8), 1227–1242.CrossRef
go back to reference Gepner, B., & Mestre, D. (2002). Rapid visual-motion integration deficit in autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(11), 455.PubMedCrossRef Gepner, B., & Mestre, D. (2002). Rapid visual-motion integration deficit in autism. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6(11), 455.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gepner, B., & Tardif, C. (2006). Autism, movement, time and thought. E-motion mis-sight and other temporo-spatial processing disorders in autism. In M. Vanchevsky (Ed.), Frontiers in cognitive psychology (pp. 1–30). Nova Science Publishers. Gepner, B., & Tardif, C. (2006). Autism, movement, time and thought. E-motion mis-sight and other temporo-spatial processing disorders in autism. In M. Vanchevsky (Ed.), Frontiers in cognitive psychology (pp. 1–30). Nova Science Publishers.
go back to reference Gepner, B., de Gelder, B., & de Schonen, S. (1996). Face processing in autistics: Evidence for a generalised deficit? Child Neuropsychology, 2, 123–139.CrossRef Gepner, B., de Gelder, B., & de Schonen, S. (1996). Face processing in autistics: Evidence for a generalised deficit? Child Neuropsychology, 2, 123–139.CrossRef
go back to reference Gepner, B., Deruelle, C., & Grynfeltt, S. (2001). Motion and emotion: A novel approach to the study of face processing by young autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 37–45.PubMedCrossRef Gepner, B., Deruelle, C., & Grynfeltt, S. (2001). Motion and emotion: A novel approach to the study of face processing by young autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 37–45.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gillberg, C. (2010). The ESSENCE in child psychiatry: Early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(6), 1543–1551.PubMedCrossRef Gillberg, C. (2010). The ESSENCE in child psychiatry: Early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(6), 1543–1551.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Grandin, T., & Panek, R. (2013). The autistic brain: Thinking across the spectrum. Houghton. Grandin, T., & Panek, R. (2013). The autistic brain: Thinking across the spectrum. Houghton.
go back to reference Hosozawa, M., Tanaka, K., Shimizu, T., Nakano, T., & Kitazawa, S. (2012). How children with specific language impairment view social situations: An eye tracking study. Pediatrics, 129, e1453–e1460.PubMedCrossRef Hosozawa, M., Tanaka, K., Shimizu, T., Nakano, T., & Kitazawa, S. (2012). How children with specific language impairment view social situations: An eye tracking study. Pediatrics, 129, e1453–e1460.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hutt, C., Hutt, S. J., Lee, D., & Ounsted, C. (1964). Arousal and childhood autism. Nature, 204(4961), 908–909.PubMedCrossRef Hutt, C., Hutt, S. J., Lee, D., & Ounsted, C. (1964). Arousal and childhood autism. Nature, 204(4961), 908–909.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jones, W., & Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2-6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature, 504(7480), 427–431.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Jones, W., & Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2-6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature, 504(7480), 427–431.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Kaufman, A., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Batterie pour l’examen psychologique de l’enfant-II (KABC-II). ECPA. Kaufman, A., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Batterie pour l’examen psychologique de l’enfant-II (KABC-II). ECPA.
go back to reference Koenig, K. P., Buckley-Reen, A., & Garg, S. (2012). Efficacy of the get ready to learn yoga program among children with autism spectrum disorders: A pretest-posttest control group design. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66, 538–546.CrossRef Koenig, K. P., Buckley-Reen, A., & Garg, S. (2012). Efficacy of the get ready to learn yoga program among children with autism spectrum disorders: A pretest-posttest control group design. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66, 538–546.CrossRef
go back to reference Korkman, M., Kirk, U., & Kemp, S. (1997). Bilan neuropsychologique de l’enfant (NEPSY). ECPA. Korkman, M., Kirk, U., & Kemp, S. (1997). Bilan neuropsychologique de l’enfant (NEPSY). ECPA.
go back to reference Lainé, F., Rauzy, S., Tardif, C., & Gepner, B. (2011). Slowing down the presentation of facial and body movements enhances imitation performance by children with severe autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 983–996.PubMedCrossRef Lainé, F., Rauzy, S., Tardif, C., & Gepner, B. (2011). Slowing down the presentation of facial and body movements enhances imitation performance by children with severe autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 983–996.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Leekam, S. R., Lopez, B., & Moore, C. (2000). Attention and joint attention in preschool children with autism. Developmental Psychology, 36(2), 261–273.PubMedCrossRef Leekam, S. R., Lopez, B., & Moore, C. (2000). Attention and joint attention in preschool children with autism. Developmental Psychology, 36(2), 261–273.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Massaro, D. W. (1987). Speech perception by ear and by eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry. Lawrence Erlbaum. Massaro, D. W. (1987). Speech perception by ear and by eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry. Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference Meiss, E., Tardif, C., Arciszewski, T., Dauvier, B., & Gepner, B. (2015). Effets positifs d’une exposition à des séquences vidéo ralenties sur l’attention, la communication sociale et les troubles du comportement chez 4 enfants autistes sévères: Une étude translationnelle pilote. Neuropsychiatrie De L’enfance Et De L’adolescence, 63(5), 302–309.CrossRef Meiss, E., Tardif, C., Arciszewski, T., Dauvier, B., & Gepner, B. (2015). Effets positifs d’une exposition à des séquences vidéo ralenties sur l’attention, la communication sociale et les troubles du comportement chez 4 enfants autistes sévères: Une étude translationnelle pilote. Neuropsychiatrie De L’enfance Et De L’adolescence, 63(5), 302–309.CrossRef
go back to reference Meteyard, L., & Davies, R. A. I. (2020). Best practice guidance for linear mixed-effects models in psychological science. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104092.CrossRef Meteyard, L., & Davies, R. A. I. (2020). Best practice guidance for linear mixed-effects models in psychological science. Journal of Memory and Language, 112, 104092.CrossRef
go back to reference Nelder, J. A., & Wedderburn, R. W. M. (1972). Generalized linear models. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (general), 135, 370–384.CrossRef Nelder, J. A., & Wedderburn, R. W. M. (1972). Generalized linear models. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (general), 135, 370–384.CrossRef
go back to reference Oram Cardy, J. E., Flagg, E. J., Roberts, W., Brian, J., & Roberts, T. P. (2005). Magnetoencephalography identifies rapid temporal processing deficit in autism and language impairment. NeuroReport, 16, 329–332.PubMedCrossRef Oram Cardy, J. E., Flagg, E. J., Roberts, W., Brian, J., & Roberts, T. P. (2005). Magnetoencephalography identifies rapid temporal processing deficit in autism and language impairment. NeuroReport, 16, 329–332.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Papageorgiou, K. A., Smith, T. J., Wu, R., Johnson, M. H., Kirkham, N. Z., & Ronald, A. (2014). Individual differences in infant fixation duration relate to attention and behavioral control in childhood. Psychological Science, 25(7), 1371–1379.PubMedCrossRef Papageorgiou, K. A., Smith, T. J., Wu, R., Johnson, M. H., Kirkham, N. Z., & Ronald, A. (2014). Individual differences in infant fixation duration relate to attention and behavioral control in childhood. Psychological Science, 25(7), 1371–1379.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Radakrishna, S. (2010). Application of integrated yoga therapy to increase imitation skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. International Journal of Yoga, 3, 26–30.CrossRef Radakrishna, S. (2010). Application of integrated yoga therapy to increase imitation skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. International Journal of Yoga, 3, 26–30.CrossRef
go back to reference Rapin, I., & Dunn, M. (2003). Update on the language disorders of individuals on the autistic spectrum. Brain Development, 25, 166–172.PubMedCrossRef Rapin, I., & Dunn, M. (2003). Update on the language disorders of individuals on the autistic spectrum. Brain Development, 25, 166–172.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Righi, G., Tenenbaum, E. J., McCormick, C., Blossom, M., Amso, D., & Sheinkopf, S. J. (2018). Sensitivity to audio-visual synchrony and its relation to language abilities in children with and without ASD. Autism Research, 11(4), 645–653.PubMedCrossRef Righi, G., Tenenbaum, E. J., McCormick, C., Blossom, M., Amso, D., & Sheinkopf, S. J. (2018). Sensitivity to audio-visual synchrony and its relation to language abilities in children with and without ASD. Autism Research, 11(4), 645–653.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Roberts, T. P., Khan, S. Y., Rey, M., Monroe, J. F., Cannon, K., Blaskey, L., Woldoff, S., Qasmieh, S., Gandal, M., Schmidt, G. L., Zarnow, D. M., Levy, S. E., & Edgar, J. C. (2010). MEG detection of delayed auditory evoked responses in autism spectrum disorders: Towards an imaging biomarker for autism. Autism Research, 3, 8–18.PubMedPubMedCentral Roberts, T. P., Khan, S. Y., Rey, M., Monroe, J. F., Cannon, K., Blaskey, L., Woldoff, S., Qasmieh, S., Gandal, M., Schmidt, G. L., Zarnow, D. M., Levy, S. E., & Edgar, J. C. (2010). MEG detection of delayed auditory evoked responses in autism spectrum disorders: Towards an imaging biomarker for autism. Autism Research, 3, 8–18.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Rogers, S. J., Young, G. S., Cook, I., Giolzetti, A., & Ozonoff, S. (2010). Imitating actions on objects in early-onset and regressive autism: Effects and implications of task characteristics on performance. Development and Psychopathology, 22(1), 71–85.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Rogers, S. J., Young, G. S., Cook, I., Giolzetti, A., & Ozonoff, S. (2010). Imitating actions on objects in early-onset and regressive autism: Effects and implications of task characteristics on performance. Development and Psychopathology, 22(1), 71–85.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Rosenblatt, L. E., Gorantla, S., Torres, J. A., Yarmush, R. S., Rao, S., Park, E. R., Denninger, J. W., Benson, H., Fricchione, G. L., Bernstein, B., & Levine, J. B. (2011). Relaxation response-based yoga improves functioning in young children with autism: A pilot study. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17, 1029–1035.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Rosenblatt, L. E., Gorantla, S., Torres, J. A., Yarmush, R. S., Rao, S., Park, E. R., Denninger, J. W., Benson, H., Fricchione, G. L., Bernstein, B., & Levine, J. B. (2011). Relaxation response-based yoga improves functioning in young children with autism: A pilot study. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17, 1029–1035.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Ryan, C., & Ni Charragain, C. (2010). Teaching emotion recognition skills to children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1505–1511.PubMedCrossRef Ryan, C., & Ni Charragain, C. (2010). Teaching emotion recognition skills to children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1505–1511.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sasson, N. J., & Elison, J. T. (2012). Eye tracking young children with autism. Journal of Visual Experiment, 61, 3675. Sasson, N. J., & Elison, J. T. (2012). Eye tracking young children with autism. Journal of Visual Experiment, 61, 3675.
go back to reference Schaefer-Whitby, P., Lorah, E., Love, J., & Lawless, H. (2017). Enhancing communication and language development. In D. Zager, D. F. Cihak, & A. Stone-MacDonald (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders: Identification, education, and treatment (pp. 165–186). Routledge. Schaefer-Whitby, P., Lorah, E., Love, J., & Lawless, H. (2017). Enhancing communication and language development. In D. Zager, D. F. Cihak, & A. Stone-MacDonald (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders: Identification, education, and treatment (pp. 165–186). Routledge.
go back to reference Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., DeVellis, R. F., & Daly, K. (1980). Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10(1), 91–103.PubMedCrossRef Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., DeVellis, R. F., & Daly, K. (1980). Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 10(1), 91–103.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schopler, E., Lansing, M. D., Reichler, R. J., & Marcus, L. M. (2010). Profil psycho-éducatif-PEP-3. de Boeck. Schopler, E., Lansing, M. D., Reichler, R. J., & Marcus, L. M. (2010). Profil psycho-éducatif-PEP-3. de Boeck.
go back to reference Smith, E. G., & Bennetto, L. (2007). Audiovisual speech integration and lipreading in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 813–821.PubMedCrossRef Smith, E. G., & Bennetto, L. (2007). Audiovisual speech integration and lipreading in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 813–821.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sparrow, S., Balla, D., & Cichetti, D. (1984). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale. American Guidance Service. Sparrow, S., Balla, D., & Cichetti, D. (1984). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale. American Guidance Service.
go back to reference Tager-Flusberg, H., & Caronna, E. (2007). Language disorders: Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 54, 469–481.PubMedCrossRef Tager-Flusberg, H., & Caronna, E. (2007). Language disorders: Autism and other pervasive developmental disorders. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 54, 469–481.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tager-Flusberg, H., & Kasari, C. (2013). Minimally verbal school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: The neglected end of the spectrum. Autism Research, 6(6), 468–478.PubMedCrossRef Tager-Flusberg, H., & Kasari, C. (2013). Minimally verbal school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: The neglected end of the spectrum. Autism Research, 6(6), 468–478.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tallal, P. (1976). Rapid auditory processing in normal and disordered language development. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 19, 561–594.PubMedCrossRef Tallal, P. (1976). Rapid auditory processing in normal and disordered language development. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 19, 561–594.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tallal, P., & Gaab, N. (2006). Dynamic auditory processing, musical experience and language development. Trends in Neuroscience, 29, 382–390.CrossRef Tallal, P., & Gaab, N. (2006). Dynamic auditory processing, musical experience and language development. Trends in Neuroscience, 29, 382–390.CrossRef
go back to reference Tallal, P., Miller, S. L., Bedi, G., Byma, G., Wang, X., Nagarajan, S. S., Schreiner, C., Jenkins, W. M., & Merzenich, M. M. (1996). Language comprehension in language-learning impaired children improved with acoustically modified speech. Science, 271, 81–83.PubMedCrossRef Tallal, P., Miller, S. L., Bedi, G., Byma, G., Wang, X., Nagarajan, S. S., Schreiner, C., Jenkins, W. M., & Merzenich, M. M. (1996). Language comprehension in language-learning impaired children improved with acoustically modified speech. Science, 271, 81–83.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tanaka, J. W., & Sung, A. (2016). The “eye avoidance” hypothesis of autism face processing. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(5), 1538–1552.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tanaka, J. W., & Sung, A. (2016). The “eye avoidance” hypothesis of autism face processing. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(5), 1538–1552.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Tardif, C., Thomas, K., Gepner, B., & Rey, V. (2002). Contribution à l’évaluation du système phonologique explicite chez des enfants autistes. Parole, 21, 35–72. Tardif, C., Thomas, K., Gepner, B., & Rey, V. (2002). Contribution à l’évaluation du système phonologique explicite chez des enfants autistes. Parole, 21, 35–72.
go back to reference Tardif, C., Lainé, F., Rodriguez, M., & Gepner, B. (2007). Slowing down facial movements and vocal sounds enhances facial expression recognition and facial-vocal imitation in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(8), 1469–1484.PubMedCrossRef Tardif, C., Lainé, F., Rodriguez, M., & Gepner, B. (2007). Slowing down facial movements and vocal sounds enhances facial expression recognition and facial-vocal imitation in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(8), 1469–1484.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tardif, C., Latzko, L., Arciszewski, T., & Gepner, B. (2017). Reducing information’s speed improves verbal cognition and behavior in autism: A two cases report. Pediatrics, 139(6), e20154207.PubMedCrossRef Tardif, C., Latzko, L., Arciszewski, T., & Gepner, B. (2017). Reducing information’s speed improves verbal cognition and behavior in autism: A two cases report. Pediatrics, 139(6), e20154207.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Trémaud, M., Aguiar, Y.P., Pavani, J.B., Gepner, B., & Tardif, C. (accepted). What digital tools add to classical tools for sociocommunicative and adaptive skills in children with ASD? L´Année Psychologique / Topics in Cognitive Psychology. Trémaud, M., Aguiar, Y.P., Pavani, J.B., Gepner, B., & Tardif, C. (accepted). What digital tools add to classical tools for sociocommunicative and adaptive skills in children with ASD? L´Année Psychologique / Topics in Cognitive Psychology.
go back to reference Vivanti, G., Nadig, A., Ozonoff, S., & Rogers, S. J. (2008). What do children with autism attend to during imitation tasks? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 101, 186–205.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Vivanti, G., Nadig, A., Ozonoff, S., & Rogers, S. J. (2008). What do children with autism attend to during imitation tasks? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 101, 186–205.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Williams, J. H. G., Whiten, A., & Singh, T. (2004). A systematic review of action imitation in autistic spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 285–299.PubMedCrossRef Williams, J. H. G., Whiten, A., & Singh, T. (2004). A systematic review of action imitation in autistic spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 285–299.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference World Health Organization. (1993). Mental disorders. A glossary and guide to their classification in accordance with the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). World Health Organization. World Health Organization. (1993). Mental disorders. A glossary and guide to their classification in accordance with the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). World Health Organization.
Metagegevens
Titel
Slowness Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Blind Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Study
Auteurs
Bruno Gepner
Aurore Charrier
Thomas Arciszewski
Carole Tardif
Publicatiedatum
15-07-2021
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 7/2022
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05183-6

Andere artikelen Uitgave 7/2022

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 7/2022 Naar de uitgave