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Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

27-09-2023

Positive Affect Dampening Prospectively Predicts Changes in Chronic Life Stress, but Not Episodic Stress Generation Among Adolescents

Auteurs: Rachel X. Chen, Angela C. Santee, Katharine K. Chang, Lisa R. Starr

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 4/2023

Abstract

Maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategies are important predictors of stress generation—the process by which individuals with certain traits are likely to experience higher levels of dependent (self-generated), but not independent (fateful), stressful life events. Positive affect (PA) dampening, the tendency to downregulate positive moods by reducing their intensity and duration, may weaken interpersonal ties and therefore increase vulnerability to stress generation, particularly in the interpersonal domain. The present study examined longitudinal associations between PA dampening and stress generation in an adolescent sample (N = 241, M_age = 15.9, 51.8% female) assessed at baseline and at follow-up 1.5 years later. Dampening was assessed with a self-report questionnaire and stress exposure was assessed using contextual threat-based interview methods. Preregistered analyses revealed that PA dampening did not prospectively predict episodic interpersonal or non-interpersonal dependent stress; instead, dampening was associated with greater episodic independent stress, inconsistent with the stress generation model. Higher dampening at baseline also predicted increases in chronic stress in both interpersonal and non-interpersonal domains over follow-up. Findings suggest that PA regulation strategies may contribute to sustained stressful contexts, rather than discrete life events.

vorige artikel Cross-Cultural Measurement of Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization in India and the U.S.

volgende artikel The Impact of Caregiving for Children with Special Healthcare Needs on Negative Affect, Quality of Life, and Trait Mindfulness

Internal consistency of scales was measured using McDonald's omega (ω), a general form of Cronbach’s alpha (α) that is more robust to deviations from assumptions (for instance, if questionnaire items show non-normal distributions) (Hayes & Coutts, 2020; Yang & Green, 2011).

Because life stress is considered a formative construct, it is not advisable to control for autoregressive effects of baseline stressors. However, doing so did not alter results: PA dampening did not predict episodic interpersonal dependent stress (β = .09, p = .225) or episodic non-interpersonal dependent stress (β = .10, p = .163) when controlling for the corresponding T1 stress variable.

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Titel: Positive Affect Dampening Prospectively Predicts Changes in Chronic Life Stress, but Not Episodic Stress Generation Among Adolescents
Auteurs: Rachel X. Chen
Angela C. Santee
Katharine K. Chang
Lisa R. Starr
Publicatiedatum: 27-09-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 4/2023
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-023-10083-3

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