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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 2/2009

01-04-2009 | artikelen

Ontwikkelingen in de diagnostiek en behandeling van leukemie bij kinderen met downsyndroom

Auteurs: M. Blink, T. D. Buitenkamp, J. P. van Wouwe, E. R. van Wering, V. H. J. van der Velden, C. M. Zwaan

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 2/2009

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Samenvatting

Kinderen met downsyndroom (DS) hebben een verhoogde kans op zowel acute myeloïde als acute lymfatische leukemie. Deze leukemieën verschillen in klinische karakteristieken en biologische eigenschappen vergeleken met leukemie bij kinderen zonder DS. Tevens hebben kinderen met DS een verhoogde kans op bijwerkingen van cytostatica, wat de behandeling bemoeilijkt. Myeloïde leukemie bij kinderen met DS (ML-DS) is een aparte ziekte-entiteit met specifieke kenmerken. Deze leukemiecellen zijn relatief gevoelig voor chemotherapie, wat dosisreductie mogelijk maakt. Dit leidt ook tot vermindering van toxiciteit, resulterend in een betere overleving vergeleken met kinderen met myeloïde leukemie zonder DS. Daarom is recentelijk een specifiek Europees behandelprotocol voor kinderen met ML-DS ontwikkeld. ML-DS kan voorafgegaan worden door een preleukemische ziektefase op zuigelingenleeftijd, ook wel transiënte leukemie genoemd (TL). TL gaat meestal spontaan in remissie, maar in geval van ernstige symptomatologie is behandeling noodzakelijk. Twintig procent van de TL-patiënten ontwikkelt myeloïde leukemie. Om de behandeling en overleving van kinderen met TL te verbeteren, en om te bestuderen of transitie naar ML-DS voorkomen kan worden met tijdige behandeling van TL, is in Nederland recent een studie- en behandelprotocol gestart. DSALL- patiënten hebben in tegenstelling tot ML-DS-patiënten geen betere prognose dan ALL-patiënten zonder DS. Ook bij DS-ALL verschillen de biologische karakteristieken van non-DS-ALL, maar de leukemische blasten zijn niet gevoeliger voor chemotherapie, zodat dosisreductie niet standaard wordt toegepast. Omdat DS-ALL-patiënten meer toxiciteit ervaren in het huidige SKION-ALL10-behandelprotocol, zijn aanpassingen in de behandeling van DS-ALL-kinderen doorgevoerd.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Ontwikkelingen in de diagnostiek en behandeling van leukemie bij kinderen met downsyndroom
Auteurs
M. Blink
T. D. Buitenkamp
J. P. van Wouwe
E. R. van Wering
V. H. J. van der Velden
C. M. Zwaan
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2009
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 2/2009
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086357

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