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13-11-2019 | Review

Human appetitive Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: a goal-directed account

Auteurs: Justin Mahlberg, Tina Seabrooke, Gabrielle Weidemann, Lee Hogarth, Chris J. Mitchell, Ahmed A. Moustafa

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 2/2021

Abstract

Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) tasks assess the impact of environmental stimuli on instrumental actions. Since their initial translation from animal to human experiments, PIT tasks have provided insight into the mechanisms that underlie reward-based behaviour. This review first examines the main types of PIT tasks used in humans. We then seek to contribute to the current debate as to whether human PIT effects reflect a controlled, goal-directed process, or a more automatic, non-goal-directed mechanism. We argue that the data favour a goal-directed process. The extent to which the major theories of PIT can account for these data is then explored. We discuss a number of associative accounts of PIT as well as dual-process versions of these theories. Ultimately, however, we favour a propositional account, in which human PIT effects are suggested to be driven by both perceived outcome availability and outcome value. In the final section of the review, we present the potential objections to the propositional approach that we anticipate from advocates of associative link theories and our response to them. We also identify areas for future research.

volgende artikel Spontaneous and deliberate future thinking: a dual process account

The desire criterion is an essential component to most associative learning theorists’ definition of goal-directed control. We do acknowledge, however, that the notion of outcome value is complex and potentially involves multiple components (e.g., Hommel & Wiers, 2017). In particular, one might desire an outcome even following devaluation because it maintains value along other dimensions.

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Titel: Human appetitive Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: a goal-directed account
Auteurs: Justin Mahlberg
Tina Seabrooke
Gabrielle Weidemann
Lee Hogarth
Chris J. Mitchell
Ahmed A. Moustafa
Publicatiedatum: 13-11-2019
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 2/2021
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-019-01266-3

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