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The associative basis of cue-elicited drug taking in humans

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Abstract

Rationale

Drug cues play an important role in motivating human drug taking, lapse and relapse, but the psychological basis of this effect has not been fully specified.

Method

To clarify these mechanisms, the study measured the extent to which pictorial and conditioned tobacco cues enhanced smoking topography in an ad libitum smoking session simultaneously with cue effects on subjective craving, pleasure and anxiety.

Results

Both cue types increased the number of puffs consumed and craving, but pleasure and anxiety responses were dissociated across cue type. Moreover, cue effects on puff number correlated with effects on craving but not pleasure or anxiety. Finally, whereas overall puff number and craving declined across the two blocks of consumption, consistent with burgeoning satiety, cue enhancement of puff number and craving were both unaffected by satiety.

Conclusions

Overall, the data suggest that cue-elicited drug taking in humans is mediated by an expectancy-based associative learning architecture, which paradoxically is autonomous of the current incentive value of the drug.

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Acknowledgements

This manuscript was supported by a MRC New Investigator Grant to Lee Hogarth (# G0701456) at the University of Nottingham. Data were collected in Theodora Duka’s Laboratory at the University of Sussex, UK, supported by BBSRC research grant number BBS/B/09384. The authors would like to thank Louise Blake for collecting the data in the conditioning procedure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK

    Lee Hogarth

  2. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK

    Anthony Dickinson

  3. Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK

    Theodora Duka

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  1. Lee Hogarth
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  3. Theodora Duka
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Correspondence to Lee Hogarth or Theodora Duka.

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Hogarth, L., Dickinson, A. & Duka, T. The associative basis of cue-elicited drug taking in humans. Psychopharmacology 208, 337–351 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-009-1735-9

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