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Cognitive Therapy and Research

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11-08-2023 | Original Article

Compassion Questionnaires: Scales Development and Validation

Auteurs: Bassam Khoury, Rodrigo C. Vergara, Christina Spinelli

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2023

Abstract

Purpose

Previous compassion scales measured correlates or consequences of compassion, included mindfulness in their definition and do not fully operationalize the affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal skills involved in cultivating compassion. The proposed Compassion Questionnaires towards Self (CQS) and Others (CQO) aim to operationalize compassion towards self and others by grounding them in affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal dimensions with each representing a set of skills that can be cultivated through training and practice.

Methods

Based on the proposed theoretical approach, the CQS and CQO items were developed through consultations with a panel of eight graduate students and a group of ten experts in the field. A series of three studies were conducted to validate the questionnaires and test their clinical utility.

Results

Results from the three studies suggested the merging of the affective and cognitive dimensions, yielding three independent dimensions for both the CQS and CQO. These findings were additionally supported by convergent and discriminant evidence. In addition, results suggested that CQS and CQO subscales’ scores are moderately associated with mindfulness measures and are sensitive to mindfulness training or meditation practice and experience.

Conclusions.

The CQS and CQO are the first questionnaires that operationalize compassion towards self and others as sets of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal skills/abilities that are independent from mindfulness, and they have important theoretical and practical implications. Limitations as well as theoretical and practical implications of the CQS and CQO are thoroughly discussed.

vorige artikel Development and Validation of the Revised Chinese Version of Intolerance of Uncertainty Index-A for Children: A Large-Scale Study Among Chinese Adolescents

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Titel: Compassion Questionnaires: Scales Development and Validation
Auteurs: Bassam Khoury
Rodrigo C. Vergara
Christina Spinelli
Publicatiedatum: 11-08-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-023-10416-2

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