Top

Cognitive Therapy and Research

Gepubliceerd in:

06-08-2023 | Original Article

Find a Resting Place for Your Emotions and Make it Yours: A Meta-Analysis of Expressive Writing Interventions Among Asian Populations

Auteur: Lin Guo

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2023

Abstract

Introduction

Expressive writing is a promising tool to promote physical and emotional health. This meta-analysis took the initiative to examine the effects of expressive writing on quality of life relevant outcomes among Asian populations.

Method

To determine the long-term effects, the literature search identified 11 experimental studies with randomized controlled trials and follow-up assessments. The final analysis included 38 reported effect sizes and a total of 1188 participants.

Results

The results suggested that for the current sample, there were no significant group differences between expressive writing and control conditions at the first follow-up assessment, g = 0.05 (p = 0.53), nor at the second follow-up assessment, g = 0.04 (p = 0.73). Change score analyses showed non-significant changes from baseline to first follow-up, g = 0.01 (p = 0.78) and from baseline to second follow-up, g = 0.04 (p = 0.55). In addition, moderator analyses did not detect substantial moderators pertaining to participant characteristics (physical health, immigration status) or intervention features (topic focus, prompt structure, time lapse of events).

Discussion

Taken together, these findings indicate that to optimize treatment outcomes for Asian populations, expressive writing interventions need to consider salient concerns in cultural communities and the sociocultural impact on individual tendencies towards emotional processing. Implications for the design of writing interventions are discussed.

vorige artikel Psychological Needs and Psychopathology in Adults Following a Significant Life Event: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

volgende artikel Metacognitive Appraisals of Perseverative Cognition: A Prospective Test Across Thought Types

Abu-Rayya, H. M., Berry, J. W., Sam, D. L., & Grigoryev, D. (2023). Evaluating the integration hypothesis: A meta-analysis of the ICSEY project data using two new methods. The British Journal of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12656CrossRef

Andersson, M. A., & Conley, C. S. (2013). Optimizing the perceived benefits and health outcomes of writing about traumatic life events. Stress and Health, 29(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2423CrossRefPubMed

Angus, L. E., Boritz, T., Bryntwick, E., Carpenter, N., Macaulay, C., & Khattra, J. (2017). The narrative-emotion process coding system 2.0: A multi-methodological approach to identifying and assessing narrative-emotion process markers in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 27(3), 253–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2016.1238525CrossRefPubMed

Baum, E. S., & Rude, S. S. (2013). Acceptance-enhanced expressive writing prevents symptoms in participants with low initial depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 37(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9435-xCrossRef

Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2010). A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis. Research Synthesis Methods, 1(2), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.12CrossRefPubMed

Borenstein, M., Higgins, J. P. T., Hedges, L. V., & Rothstein, H. R. (2017). Basics of meta-analysis: I2 is not an absolute measure of heterogeneity. Research Synthesis Methods, 8(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1230CrossRefPubMed

Cella, D. F., & Tulsky, D. S. (1993). Quality of life in cancer: Definition, purpose, and method of measurement. Cancer Investigation, 11, 327–336. https://doi.org/10.3109/07357909309024860CrossRefPubMed

Cheung, R. Y. M., Chung, H. S., & Ng, M. C. Y. (2021). Expressive writing and well-being in Chinese emerging adults: Is emotion regulation an underlying mechanism? Emerging Adulthood (thousand Oaks, CA), 9(6), 679–689. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818824719CrossRef

*Chu, Q., Wong, C. C. Y., & Lu, Q. (2019). Acculturation moderates the effects of expressive writing on post-traumatic stress symptoms among Chinese American breast cancer survivors. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 26(2), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-019-09769-4CrossRefPubMed

*Chu, Q., Wu, I. H. C., & Lu, Q. (2020a). Expressive writing intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: The moderating role of social constraints. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care & Rehabilitation, 29(4), 891–899. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02385-5CrossRef

Chu, Q., Wu, I. H. C., Tang, M., Tsoh, J., & Lu, Q. (2020b). Temporal relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom clusters during and after an expressive writing intervention for Chinese American breast cancer survivors. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110142CrossRefPubMed

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Earlbaum.

Craske, M. G., Treanor, M., Conway, C. C., Zbozinek, T., & Vervliet, B. (2014). Maximizing exposure therapy: An inhibitory learning approach. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58, 10–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.04.006CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Dewey, J. (1933). How we think: A restatement of the relation of reflective thinking to the educative process (Rev). D.C Heath and Company.

Dimaggio, G., & Lysaker, P. H. (2015). Metacognition and mentalizing in the psychotherapy of patients with psychosis and personality disorders: Metacognition and mentalizing. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 71(2), 117–124. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22147CrossRefPubMed

Egger, M., Smith, G. D., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997). Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ, 315(7109), 629–634. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Esterling, B. A., L’Abate, L., Murray, E. J., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1999). Empirical foundations for writing in prevention and psychotherapy: Mental and physical health outcomes. Clinical Psychology Review, 19(1), 79–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00015-4CrossRefPubMed

Facchin, F., Margola, D., Molgora, S., & Revenson, T. A. (2014). Effects of benefit-focused versus standard expressive writing on adolescents’ self-concept during the high school transition. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12040CrossRef

Fiske, A. P., Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., & Nisbett, R. E. (1998). The cultural matrix of social psychology. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., pp. 915–981). McGraw-Hill.

Foa, E., Riggs, D., Dancu, C., & Rothbaum, B. (1993). Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6(4), 459–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00974317CrossRef

Frattaroli, J. (2006). Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 823–865. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.823CrossRefPubMed

Frisina, P. G., Borod, J. C., & Lepore, S. J. (2004). A meta-analysis of the effects of written emotional disclosure on the health outcomes of clinical populations. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 192(9), 629–634. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nmd.0000138317.30764.63CrossRefPubMed

*Gallagher, M. W., Long, L. J., Tsai, W., Stanton, A. L., & Lu, Q. (2018). The unexpected impact of expressive writing on posttraumatic stress and growth in Chinese American breast cancer survivors. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(10), 1673–1686. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22636CrossRefPubMed

Gerger, H., Werner, C. P., Gaab, J., & Cuijpers, P. (2022). Comparative efficacy and acceptability of expressive writing treatments compared with psychotherapy, other writing treatments and waiting list control for adult trauma survivors: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3484–3496.CrossRef

Gilbert, P., & Procter, S. (2006). Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self-criticism: Overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 13(6), 353–379. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.507CrossRef

Glass, O., Dreusicke, M., Evans, J., Bechard, E., & Wolever, R. Q. (2019). Expressive writing to improve resilience to trauma: A clinical feasibility trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 34, 240–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.12.005CrossRefPubMed

Gortner, E.-M., Rude, S. S., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2006). Benefits of expressive writing in lowering rumination and depressive symptoms. Behavior Therapy, 37(3), 292–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.01.004CrossRefPubMed

Greben, M., Schweitzer, R. D., & Bargenquast, R. (2014). Mechanisms of change in psychotherapy for people diagnosed with schizophrenia: The role of narrative reflexivity in promoting recovery. The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling, 20(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1017/jrc.2014.4CrossRef

Green, M. C., Kaufman, G., Flanagan, M., & Fitzgerald, K. (2017). Self-esteem and public self-consciousness moderate the emotional impact of expressive writing about experiences with bias. Personality and Individual Differences, 116, 212–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.057CrossRef

Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271–299.CrossRef

Guo, L. (2023). The delayed, durable effect of expressive writing on depression, anxiety and stress: A meta‐analytic review of studies with long‐term follow‐ups. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(1), 272–297. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12408CrossRefPubMed

Habermas, T. (2018). Emotion and narrative: Perspectives in autobiographical storytelling. Cambridge University Press.CrossRef

Habermas, T., & Berger, N. (2011). Retelling everyday emotional events: Condensation, distancing and closure. Cognition and Emotion, 25(2), 206–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931003783568CrossRefPubMed

Hedges, L. V. (1981). Distribution theory for Glass’s estimator of effect size and related estimators. Journal of Educational Statistics, 6(2), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.3102/10769986006002107CrossRef

Hedges, L. V., Tipton, E., & Johnson, M. C. (2010). Robust variance estimation in meta-regression with dependent effect size estimates. Research Synthesis Methods, 1, 39–65. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.5CrossRefPubMed

Heine, S. J. (2003). An exploration of cultural variation in self-enhancing and self-improving motivations. In V. Murphy-Berman & J. J. Berman (Eds.), Cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self (pp. 118–145). University of Nebraska Press.

Heine, S. J., Lehman, D. R., Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1999). Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychological Review, 106(4), 766–794. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.766CrossRefPubMed

Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 327(7414), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hsu, B. Y., Chentsova Dutton, Y., Adams, I. F., Gomez, S. L., Allen, L., Huang, E., & Wang, J. H. (2020). Talking about cancer: Explaining differences in social support among Chinese American and European American breast cancer survivors. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(8), 1043–1056. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317745967CrossRefPubMed

Inglehart, R., & Baker, W. E. (2000). Modernization, cultural change and the persistence of traditional values. American Sociological Review, 65(1), 19–51. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657288CrossRef

Irwin, M., Artin, K. H., & Oxman, M. N. (1999). Screening for depression in the older adult: Criterion validity of the 10-item center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D). Archives of Internal Medicine, 159, 1701–1704. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.15.1701CrossRefPubMed

Janoff-Bulman, R. (1992). Shattered assumptions: Towards a new psychology of trauma. Free Press.

*Ji, L., Lu, Q., Wang, L., Sun, X., Wang, H., Han, B., Ma, Y., & Lu, G. (2020). The benefits of expressive writing among newly diagnosed mainland Chinese breast cancer patients. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 43(3), 468–478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00127-zCrossRefPubMed

Ji, L., Tsai, W., Sun, X., Lu, Q., Wang, H., Wang, L., & Lu, G. (2019). The detrimental effects of ambivalence over emotional expression on well-being among mainland Chinese breast cancer patients: Mediating role of perceived social support. Psycho-Oncology, 28(5), 1142–1148. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5069CrossRefPubMed

Kim, H. S., & Sherman, D. K. (2007). ‘“Express yourself”’: Culture and the effect of self-expression on choice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.1CrossRefPubMed

Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., Matsumoto, H., & Norasakkunkit, V. (1997). Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: Self-enhancement in the united states and self-criticism in Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(6), 1245–1267. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.72.6.1245CrossRefPubMed

Kitayama, S., Mesquita, B., & Karasawa, M. (2006). Cultural affordances and emotional experience: Socially engaging and disengaging emotions in Japan and the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(5), 890–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.91.5.890CrossRefPubMed

Kitayama, S., & Uchida, Y. (2003). Explicit self-criticism and implicit self-regard: Evaluating self and friend in two cultures. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39(5), 476–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1031(03)00026-XCrossRef

Knowles, E. D., Wearing, J. R., & Campos, B. (2011). Culture and the health benefits of expressive writing. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(4), 408–415. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550610395780CrossRef

Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press.

Lee, P. L. T., Tam, K.-W., Yeh, M.-L., & Wu, W.-W. (2016). Acupoint stimulation, massage therapy and expressive writing for breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 27, 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.06.003CrossRefPubMed

Lepore, S. J., Greenberg, M. A., Bruno, M., & Smyth, J. M. (2002). Expressive writing and health: Self-regulation of emotion-related experience, physiology, and behavior. In S. J. Lepore & J. M. Smyth (Eds.), The writing cure: How expressive writing promotes health and emotional well-being (pp. 99–117). American Psychological Association.CrossRef

Lieberman, M. D., Eisenberger, N. I., Crockett, M. J., Tom, S. M., Pfeifer, J. H., & Way, B. M. (2007). Putting feelings into words. Psychological Science, 18(5), 421–428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01916.xCrossRefPubMed

Loew, C. A., Schauenburg, H., & Dinger, U. (2020). Self-criticism and psychotherapy outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101808–101808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101808CrossRef

Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS) with the beck depression and anxiety inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-UCrossRefPubMed

Low, C. A., Stanton, A. L., Bower, J. E., & Gyllenhammer, L. (2010). A randomized controlled trial of emotionally expressive writing for women with metastatic breast cancer. Health Psychology, 29, 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020153CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lu, Q., Chen, L., Shin, L. J., Wang, C., Dawkins-Moultin, L., Chu, Q., Loh, A., Young, L., & Wang, C. (2021). Improvement in quality of life and psychological well-being associated with a culturally based psychosocial intervention for Chinese American breast cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 29(8), 4565–4573. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05942-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lu, Q., Dong, L., Wu, I. H., You, J., Huang, J., & Hu, Y. (2019). The impact of an expressive writing intervention on quality of life among Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(1), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4308-9CrossRefPubMed

*Lu, Q., Gallagher, M. W., Loh, A., & Young, L. (2018). Expressive writing intervention improves quality of life among Chinese-American breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 52(11), 952–962. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kax067CrossRefPubMed

Lu, Q., & Stanton, A. L. (2010). How benefits of expressive writing vary as a function of writing instructions, ethnicity and ambivalence over emotional expression. Psychology & Health, 25(6), 669–684. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440902883196CrossRef

*Lu, Q., Wong, C. C. Y., Gallagher, M. W., Tou, R. Y. W., Young, L., & Loh, A. (2017). Expressive writing among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Health Psychology, 36(4), 370–379. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000449CrossRefPubMed

Lu, Q., Yeung, N. C. Y., Tsai, W., & Kim, J. H. J. (2023). The effects of culturally adapted expressive writing interventions on depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 161, 104244–104244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2022.104244CrossRefPubMed

Lu, Q., You, J., Man, J., Loh, A., & Young, L. (2014). Evaluating a culturally tailored peer-mentoring and education pilot intervention among Chinese breast cancer survivors using a mixed-methods approach. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(6), 629–637. https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.629-637CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lu, Q., Zheng, D., Young, L., Kagawa-Singer, M., & Loh, A. (2012). A pilot study of expressive writing intervention among Chinese-speaking breast cancer survivors. Health Psychology, 31(5), 548–551. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026834CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mak, W. W. S., & Cheung, R. Y. M. (2010). Self-Stigma among concealable minorities in Hong Kong: Conceptualization and unified measurement. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 80(2), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01030.xCrossRefPubMed

Mar, R. A., Li, J., Nguyen, A. T. P., & Ta, C. P. (2021). Memory and comprehension of narrative versus expository texts: A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(3), 732–749. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-020-01853-1CrossRef

Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224CrossRef

Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (2003). Models of agency: Sociocultural diversity in the construction of action. In V. Murphy-Berman & J. J. Berman (Eds.), Cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self (pp. 18–74). University of Nebraska Press.

May, R. (1953). Man’s search for himself. W.W. Norton & Company.

Meads, C., & Nouwen, A. (2005). Does emotional disclosure have any effects? A systematic review of the literature with meta-analyses. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 21(2), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026646230505021XCrossRefPubMed

Miller, J. G. (2003). Culture and agency: Implications for psychological theories of motivation and social development. In V. Murphy-Berman & J. J. Berman (Eds.), Cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self (pp. 76–116). University of Nebraska Press.

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Physical Therapy, 89(9), 873–880. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/89.9.873CrossRefPubMed

Nazarian, D., & Smyth, J. M. (2013). An experimental test of instructional manipulations in expressive writing interventions: Examining processes of change. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 32(1), 71–96. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2013.32.1.71CrossRef

*Nie, S., Ju, Q., Benesch, B., & Gan, Y. (2022). The effect of expressive writing intervention and neutral task writing intervention on positive affect and meaning in life among late middle-aged and older adults. Educational Gerontology. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2022.2126810CrossRef

Niles, A. N., Haltom, K. E. B., Mulvenna, C. M., Lieberman, M. D., & Stanton, A. L. (2014). Randomized controlled trial of expressive writing for psychological and physical health: The moderating role of emotional expressivity. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 27(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2013.802308CrossRefPubMed

Park, C. L., & Blumberg, C. J. (2002). Disclosing trauma through writing: Testing the meaning-making hypothesis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(5), 597–616.CrossRef

Pavlacic, J. M., Buchanan, E. M., Maxwell, N. P., Hopke, T. G., & Schulenberg, S. E. (2019). A meta-analysis of expressive writing on posttraumatic stress, posttraumatic growth, and quality of life. Review of General Psychology, 23(2), 230–250. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089268019831645CrossRef

Peng, K., & Nisbett, R. E. (1999). Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. The American Psychologist, 54(9), 741–754. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.9.741CrossRef

Pennebaker, J. W., & Beall, S. K. (1986). Confronting a traumatic event: Toward an understanding of inhibition and disease. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95(3), 274.CrossRefPubMed

Pennebaker, J. W., Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., & Glaser, R. (1988). Disclosure of traumas and immune function: Health implications for psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(2), 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.2.239CrossRefPubMed

Pennebaker, J. W., & Seagal, J. D. (1999). Forming a story: The health benefits of narrative. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(10), 1243–1254.CrossRefPubMed

Poon, A., & Danoff-Burg, S. (2011). Mindfulness as a moderator in expressive writing. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(9), 881–895. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20810CrossRefPubMed

Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31(4), 437–448. https://doi.org/10.3102/10769986031004437CrossRef

Qian, J., Zhou, X., Sun, X., Wu, M., Sun, S., & Yu, X. (2020). Effects of expressive writing intervention for women’s PTSD, depression, anxiety and stress related to pregnancy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychiatry Research, 288, 112933–112933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112933CrossRef

R Core Team. (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing.

Reinhold, M., Bürkner, P., & Holling, H. (2018). Effects of expressive writing on depressive symptoms—A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology (new York, NY), 25(1), e12224. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12224CrossRef

Riddle, J. P., Smith, H. E., & Jones, C. J. (2016). Does written emotional disclosure improve the psychological and physical health of caregivers? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 80, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.03.004CrossRefPubMed

Schacter, D. L. (1996). Searching for memory: The brain, the mind, and the past. Basic books.

Sloan, D. M., & Marx, B. P. (2004). Taking pen to hand: Evaluating theories underlying the written disclosure paradigm. Clinical Psychology, 11(2), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph062CrossRef

Sloan, D. M., Marx, B. P., Epstein, E. M., & Lexington, J. M. (2007). Does altering the writing instructions influence outcome associated with written disclosure? Behavior Therapy, 38(2), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2006.06.005CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Smyth, J. M. (1998). Written emotional expression: Effect sizes, outcome types, and moderating variables. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66(1), 174–184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.66.1.174CrossRefPubMed

Smyth, J. M., Hockemeyer, J. R., & Tulloch, H. (2008). Expressive writing and post-traumatic stress disorder: Effects on trauma symptoms, mood states and cortisol reactivity. British Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910707X250866CrossRefPubMed

Smyth, J. M., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2008). Exploring the boundary conditions of expressive writing: In search of the right recipe. British Journal of Health Psychology, 13(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910707X260117CrossRefPubMed

Spencer-Rodgers, J., Peng, K., Wang, L., & Hou, Y. (2004). Dialectical self-esteem and east-west differences in psychological well-being. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(11), 1416–1432. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167204264243CrossRef

Suh, E., Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Triandis, H. C. (1998). The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(2), 482–493. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.2.482CrossRef

Syed, M., & McLean, K. C. (2016). Understanding identity integration: Theoretical, methodological, and applied issues. Journal of Adolescence (london, England), 47(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.09.005CrossRef

*Tavakoli, S., Lumley, M. A., Hijazi, A. M., Slavin-Spenny, O. M., & Parris, G. P. (2010). Effects of assertiveness training and expressive writing on acculturative stress in international students: A randomized trial. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(4), 590–596. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016634CrossRef

Theobald, M. (2021). Self-regulated learning training programs enhance university students’ academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation: A meta-analysis. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 66, 101976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2021.101976CrossRef

Travagin, G., Margola, D., & Revenson, T. A. (2015). How effective are expressive writing interventions for adolescents? A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 36, 42–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.003CrossRefPubMed

*Tsai, W., Lee, C. S., & Monte, V. (2021). Comparing the effects of emotional disclosure and peer helping writing on psychological distress among Chinese international students: The moderating role of rumination. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 77(7), 1556–1572. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23135CrossRefPubMed

van Emmerik, A. A. P., Reijntjes, A., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2013). Writing therapy for posttraumatic stress: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 82(2), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1159/000343131CrossRefPubMed

Wakelin, K. E., Perman, G., & Simonds, L. M. (2022). Effectiveness of self-compassion-related interventions for reducing self-criticism: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 29(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2586CrossRefPubMed

*Wang, R., Li, L., Xu, J., Ding, Z. T., Qiao, J., Redding, S. R., Xianyu, Y. Y., & Ouyang, Y. Q. (2022). Effects of structured expressive writing on quality of life and perceived self-care self-efficacy of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in central china: A randomized controlled trial. Healthcare (basel), 10(9), 1762. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091762CrossRefPubMed

Warmoth, K., Cheung, B., You, J., Yeung, N. C. Y., & Lu, Q. (2017). Exploring the social needs and challenges of Chinese American immigrant breast cancer survivors: A qualitative study using an expressive writing approach. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 24(6), 827–835. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-017-9661-4CrossRefPubMed

Wells, A. (2011). Metacognitive therapy for anxiety and depression. Guilford press.

White, M., & Epston, D. (1990). Narrative means to therapeutic ends (1st ed.). Norton.

Winzelberg, A. J., Classen, C., Alpers, G. W., Roberts, H., Koopman, C., Adams, R. E., Ernst, H., Dev, P., & Taylor, C. B. (2003). Evaluation of an internet support group for women with primary breast cancer. Cancer, 97(5), 1164–1173. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11174CrossRefPubMed

*Wong, C. C. Y., & Mak, W. W. S. (2016). Writing can heal: Effects of self-compassion writing among Hong Kong Chinese college students. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 7(1), 74–82. https://doi.org/10.1037/aap0000041CrossRef

Wu, Y., Yang, D., Jian, B., Li, C., Liu, L., Li, W., Li, X., & Zhou, C. (2021). Can emotional expressivity and writing content predict beneficial effects of expressive writing among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy? A secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial data from china. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721003111CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Yang, K. S. (2003). Beyond Maslow’s culture-bound linear theory: A preliminary statement of the double-y model of basic human needs. In V. Murphy-Berman & J. J. Berman (Eds.), Cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self (pp. 192–272). University of Nebraska Press.

Yang, Z., Tang, X., Duan, W., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Expressive writing promotes self-reported physical, social and psychological health among Chinese undergraduates: Expressive writing promotes self-reported health. International Journal of Psychology, 50(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12081CrossRefPubMed

Yeung, N. C. Y., Lu, Q., & Mak, W. W. S. (2019). Self-perceived burden mediates the relationship between self-stigma and quality of life among Chinese American breast cancer survivors. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(9), 3337–3345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4630-2CrossRefPubMed

Zakowski, S. G., Herzer, M., Barrett, S. D., Milligan, J. G., & Beckman, N. (2011). Who benefits from emotional expression? An examination of personality differences among gynaecological cancer patients participating in a randomized controlled emotional disclosure intervention trial: Personality traits and emotional disclosure. The British Journal of Psychology, 102(3), 355–372. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712610X524949CrossRef

Zakowski, S. G., Ramati, A., Morton, C., Johnson, P., & Flanigan, R. (2004). Written emotional disclosure buffers the effects of social constraints on distress among cancer patients. Health Psychology, 23(6), 555–563. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.23.6.555CrossRefPubMed

Zhou, C., Wu, Y., An, S., & Li, X. (2015). Effect of expressive writing intervention on health outcomes in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PloS One, 10(7), e0131802–e0131802. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131802CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Find a Resting Place for Your Emotions and Make it Yours: A Meta-Analysis of Expressive Writing Interventions Among Asian Populations
Auteur: Lin Guo
Publicatiedatum: 06-08-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-023-10417-1

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Introduction

Method

Results

Discussion

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2023

Psychological Needs and Psychopathology in Adults Following a Significant Life Event: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

Development and Validation of the Revised Chinese Version of Intolerance of Uncertainty Index-A for Children: A Large-Scale Study Among Chinese Adolescents

Is a Gradualist Approach to Clinical Training Helpful or Necessary?

The Moderating Role of Age Beliefs on the Relationships Between Physical Symptoms, Depression, and Irritability in Menopausal Women

Development and Validation of the Bullied Cognitions Inventory (BCI)

Changes in Perspective-Taking During Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in a Partial Hospital Setting