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Gepubliceerd in:

12-04-2022

College students’ influenza vaccine hesitation: a reasoned action investigation with quantitative and qualitative data

Auteurs: Paul A. Mongeau, Yanqin Liu, Emi C. Hashi, Anthony J. Roberto

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine | Uitgave 1-2/2023

Abstract

This two-wave longitudinal study (performed pre-COVID), using both quantitative and qualitative data, investigated college students’ influenza vaccine hesitancy and confidence using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). At Time 1, college students (n = 277) completed TPB measures and reported past influenza vaccine behavior. At Time 2 (30 days later), participants indicated whether they received the influenza vaccine since Time 1. At Time 2, participants who indicated that they had not received the influenza vaccine since Time 1 also described their most important reasons for not doing so. The TPB model fit the quantitative data well; direct paths from attitude and norms to intention, and from intention to future behavior, were strong and significant. The TPB model explained 71% of the variance in intention and 28% of the variance in future behavior. Neither perceived behavioral control nor past behavior improved the model’s ability to predict intentions or future behavior. From the qualitative data, participants’ reasons for not getting vaccinated focused on perceived behavioral control (e.g., time cost) and attitudes (e.g., unimportance and low susceptibility). Theoretical implications for message development are discussed.

vorige artikel Is disgust proneness prospectively associated with influenza vaccine hesitancy and uptake?

volgende artikel Predicting college students’ COVID-19 vaccination behavior: an application of the extended parallel process model

Vaccinations were available from all of the university’s Student Health Services locations (and multiple vaccination events around campus) during the flu season (including the data-collection period). Student Health Services repeatedly communicated flu vaccination availability, using multiple media, during that time.

A 30-day data-collection period was chosen for several reasons. First, multiple meta-analyses report significantly larger intention-behavior associations when studies utilize time frames of four weeks or less (Downs & Hausenblas, 2005; McEachan et al., 2011; Topa & Moriano, 2010). Second, the period provided participants a chance to decide whether (or not) to get a flu shot at the beginning of the flu season (as recommended by Student Health Services). Third, it allowed us to complete the study in time to return extra credit information to instructors before the end of the semester.

The university provided free flu shots for students with proof of health insurance and charged $20 for students without such proof. During the data-collection period, off-campus businesses (e.g., drug and grocery stores) charged $20-$50 for the same service.

Our study, performed during Fall Semester 2018, preceded COVID-19 emergence, which facilitates understanding of college students’ vaccine decisions without concerns about COVID-19 as a confounding factor.

Given the small difference, a probability level of .048, and the number of statistical tests performed in nonresponse analyses, this effect could represent a Type 1 error.

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Titel: College students’ influenza vaccine hesitation: a reasoned action investigation with quantitative and qualitative data
Auteurs: Paul A. Mongeau
Yanqin Liu
Emi C. Hashi
Anthony J. Roberto
Publicatiedatum: 12-04-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine / Uitgave 1-2/2023
Print ISSN: 0160-7715
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3521
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-022-00310-9

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