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31-01-2022 | Original Article

Beyond motion extrapolation: vestibular contribution to head-rotation-induced flash-lag effects

Auteurs: Xin He, Jianying Bai, Yi Jiang, Tao Zhang, Min Bao

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 7/2022

Abstract

The perceived position of a flash aligned with a moving object usually lags behind that object. This illusion is well known as the flash-lag effect. Interestingly, head rotation alone can also induce a flash-lag effect. To date, the underlying mechanism for the head-rotation-induced flash-lag effect remains unclear. Using a virtual reality approach, we examined the contribution of vestibular signal processing in producing the effect. We found that vestibular, rather than kinesthetic, signal processing is critical for this type of flash-lag effect to occur. When head rotation induced a stationary reference stimulus in space to move on the retina, we observed a flash-lead effect relative to the reference (or a flash-lag effect relative to the head). Moreover, after a short-term adaptation training on a novel association between head rotation and retinal motion, the direction of the flash-lag effect was consistent with the newly trained association. These findings disagree with a previous account extended from the influential motion extrapolation hypothesis. Rather, they support a cross-modal bias hypothesis that the visual-vestibular associations developed from multisensory experiences may generate biasing visual signals in the associated direction with the vestibular signals, which help produce the head-rotation-induced flash-lag effects. Our findings may provide new insight into other multisensory integration phenomena.

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Readers may notice that the sign of PSA for the flash-lag effect (FLE) in the RM condition was opposite to those in the other conditions. Actually, it was challenging to devise a totally consistent sign of PSA for all the conditions in Experiments 1 and 2 because they did not have a common reference for FLE: in the HM condition of Experiment 1 there was only head movement but no retinal motion while in the RM condition of the Experiment 2 there was only retinal motion but no head movement, and in the HMRM condition existed both types of motion. Moreover, the retinal motion direction was opposite to the head-movement direction in the HMRM condition. So, we chose the head (or body) movement direction as the reference of FLE for conditions HM, BM, TM, HMRM, and TMRM, and exceptionally the retinal motion direction as reference for the RM condition. That was why the sign of PSA for FLE in the RM condition was opposite to those in the other 5 conditions.

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Titel: Beyond motion extrapolation: vestibular contribution to head-rotation-induced flash-lag effects
Auteurs: Xin He
Jianying Bai
Yi Jiang
Tao Zhang
Min Bao
Publicatiedatum: 31-01-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 7/2022
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-021-01638-8

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