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Cognitive Therapy and Research

Gepubliceerd in:

28-09-2022 | Original Article

Attention Biases in Previously Depressed Individuals: A Meta-Analysis and Implications for Depression Recurrence

Auteurs: Dana Shamai-Leshem, Marian Linetzky, Yair Bar-Haim

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2022

Abstract

Background

Depression is a severely disabling disorder, with high recurrence rates suggesting that depression-prone individuals may be characterized by stable vulnerability-factors. Cognitive theories of depression posit that aberrant negative and positive attention biases confer vulnerability for depression recurrence. Attention biases toward negative information and lack of bias toward positive information during depressive episodes have been widely documented. In contrast, the nature of attention biases following termination of a depressive episode has been more scantly studied. We conducted a systematic-review and meta-analyses of extant studies on attention biases in previously depressed participants.

Methods

Dysphoric and positive attention biases were compared in 13 studies contrasting previously and never depressed participants (ns = 1051 and 957, respectively) and six studies contrasting previously and currently depressed participants (ns = 397 and 217, respectively).

Results

Relative to never depressed, previously depressed participants showed a larger dysphoric bias (g = 0.29, 95% CI 0.08, 0.49) and a smaller positive bias (g = − 0.17, 95% CI − 0.33, − 0.01), whereas no difference was identified between previously and currently depressed participants.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that attention biases may be active even when depressive episodes recede, potentially reflecting risk-markers for depression recurrence that could serve as targets for preventative intervention. We also conclude that the limited number of studies available for meta-analysis may limit definitive conclusions. We hope that this first meta-analysis on attention biases following depressive episodes will inspire this much needed additional research.

volgende artikel Two-Year Longitudinal Study of Children’s Cognitive Behavioral Characteristics Associated with Depressive Symptoms

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Subgroups moderator analyses can be conducted only if a sufficient number of studies are obtained for each of the moderator’s sub-categories (k ≥ 4; Fu et al., 2008).

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Titel: Attention Biases in Previously Depressed Individuals: A Meta-Analysis and Implications for Depression Recurrence
Auteurs: Dana Shamai-Leshem
Marian Linetzky
Yair Bar-Haim
Publicatiedatum: 28-09-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2022
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-022-10331-y

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