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15-06-2018 | Empirical Research

Adolescents’ Self-Perception of Morality, Competence, and Sociability and their Interplay with Quality of Family, Friend, and School Relationships: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

Auteurs: Elisabetta Crocetti, Silvia Moscatelli, Goda Kaniušonytė, Susan Branje, Rita Žukauskienė, Monica Rubini

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 8/2018

Abstract

Morality, competence, and sociability have been conceptualized as fundamental dimensions on which individuals ground their evaluation of themselves and of other people and groups. In this study, we examined the interplay between self-perceived morality, competence, and sociability and relationship quality within the core social contexts with which adolescents have extensive daily interactions (family, friends, and school). Participants were 916 (51.4% girls; M_age =15.64 years) adolescents involved in a three-wave longitudinal study with annual assessments. The results of cross-lagged analyses indicated that (a) self-perceived morality was more important than self-perceived competence and sociability in strengthening family, friend, and school relationships; and (b) high-quality friendships led to increasing levels of self-perceived morality over time. Overall, this evidence advances our theoretical understanding of the primacy of morality from a self-perspective approach and highlights the developmental importance of friends.

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The datafile and all Mplus input files can be obtained by the first author upon request.

As a preliminary step, longitudinal measurement invariance (Little, 2013; Van de Schoot, Lugtig, and Hox, 2012) for all study variables separately as well as for the total model including all latent variables (with six latent variables— morality, competence, sociability, and family, friend, and school relationships—for each wave; for a total of 18 latent variables) was tested. Thus, the configural (baseline) models were compared with the metric models, in which factor loadings were constrained to be equal across time. Significant differences between the configural and the metric models required that at least two out of these three criteria had to be matched: Δχ_SB² significant at p < .05, ΔCFI ≥ −.010, and ΔRMSEA ≥ .015 (Chen, 2007). The findings indicated the two models did not differ substantially (this was confirmed for each variable separately, as well as for the total model including all variables). Therefore, metric invariance, which is the level of invariance required for examining reliably over time associations between variables (Little, 2013), could be clearly established. The fit of the total metric model was found to be good (χ² = 6764.740, df = 3720, TLI = .893, CFI = .901, RMSEA = .030 [.029, .032]).

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Titel: Adolescents’ Self-Perception of Morality, Competence, and Sociability and their Interplay with Quality of Family, Friend, and School Relationships: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study
Auteurs: Elisabetta Crocetti
Silvia Moscatelli
Goda Kaniušonytė
Susan Branje
Rita Žukauskienė
Monica Rubini
Publicatiedatum: 15-06-2018
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0864-z

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