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28-11-2023 | Empirical Research

Skin-deep Resilience and Early Adolescence: Neighborhood Disadvantage, Executive Functioning, and Pubertal Development in Minority Youth

Auteurs: Allen W. Barton, Tianyi Yu, Qiujie Gong, Edith Chen, Gregory E. Miller, Gene H. Brody

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 2/2024

Abstract

Skin-deep resilience, in which youth overcome adversity and achieve success in psychological and academic domains but at a cost to their physiological well-being, has been documented in late adolescence and adulthood. However, its potential to emerge at earlier developmental stages is unknown. To address this gap, secondary data analyses were executed using waves 1 and 2 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 7712; ages 9–10 years at baseline [mean: 9.92; SD = 0.63]; 47.1% female; 66.1% White, 13.4% Black, and 20.6% Hispanic). The results indicated high levels of executive functioning were associated with improved psychological and behavioral outcomes at one-year follow-up. However, for racial and ethnic minority (i.e., Black or Hispanic) youth from disadvantaged neighborhoods, high levels of executive functioning were also associated with accelerated pubertal development. No significant interaction was observed among White youth. The findings suggest the skin-deep resilience pattern may be evident in early adolescence.

vorige artikel Genetic Contributions to Attachment Stability Over Time: the Roles of CRHR1 Polymorphisms

volgende artikel Cultural Identity and the Academic, Social, and Psychological Adjustment of Adolescents with Immigration Background

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In the child development literature, there is a well-established pathway among maturation over time, increased executive functioning, and more complex cognitive coping and emotion regulation. Rather than attempting to further elucidate this developmental pathway, executive functioning was examined in the current study as a means to identify a behaviorally-assessed neurocognitive construct with phenotypic expressions of high self-regulation and persistence.

The three-way interaction of Neighborhood ADI × NIHTBX executive functioning × Black/Hispanic predicting accelerated pubertal development was significant (b = 0.117, p = 0.013), further supporting the ethnic/racial differences examined in this model. In addition, the interaction of Neighborhood ADI × NIHTBX executive functioning retained statistical significant even after controlling for family conflict (as reported by parents and by child). Models testing the interaction of family conflict × NIHTBX executive functioning and of family SES risk × NIHTBX executive functioning for pubertal development were not significant (interaction involving family conflict parent report: b = 0.043, p = 0.28; family conflict youth report: b = 0.007, p = 0.86; and family SES risk: b = 0.043, p = 0.30).

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Titel: Skin-deep Resilience and Early Adolescence: Neighborhood Disadvantage, Executive Functioning, and Pubertal Development in Minority Youth
Auteurs: Allen W. Barton
Tianyi Yu
Qiujie Gong
Edith Chen
Gregory E. Miller
Gene H. Brody
Publicatiedatum: 28-11-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 2/2024
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01911-6

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