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02-04-2022 | Original Paper

Relationships between Depression and Executive Functioning in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Unpredictable Home Environment

Auteurs: Marie L. Gillespie, Uma Rao

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 9/2022

Abstract

Although researchers have explored the link between depression and executive functioning (EF), the influence of early-life environmental and relational instability on this association has not been comprehensively assessed in adolescents. This cross-sectional study examined whether unpredictability of home environment in childhood moderated the relationship between depression and EF in adolescents. Participants were 138 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years (72% female; 47.8% White; 47.1% Hispanic). Diagnostic status (major depression versus healthy control) and depression severity were assessed using psycho-diagnostic interviews and self-reports from parents and adolescents. Participants also completed the Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood (QUIC). EF was assessed using self-report (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition; BRIEF2) and a battery of performance-based measures. Results showed that QUIC scores moderated the relationship between depression and BRIEF2 scores, such that high unpredictability was associated with poorer EF for adolescents exhibiting low depression severity. Participants with the highest levels of depression exhibited the poorest EF ratings, regardless of childhood unpredictability. Unpredictability was moderately associated with performance-based measures, but did not interact with depressive symptoms to predict complex performance-based EF. Recommendations include assessing for unpredictable childhood environment and acknowledging this risk factor for poor EF in youth with sub-threshold depression. Treatment implications are discussed with respect to family systems/parenting interventions, as mildly depressed adolescents growing up in unstable homes may be vulnerable to EF difficulties. Further, this study adds to the EF measurement literature by examining associations between self-report and performance-based EF instruments in a diverse sample of adolescents.

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Titel: Relationships between Depression and Executive Functioning in Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Unpredictable Home Environment
Auteurs: Marie L. Gillespie
Uma Rao
Publicatiedatum: 02-04-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 9/2022
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02296-z

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Andere artikelen Uitgave 9/2022

Memories of Parental Rejection in Childhood and Current Psychological Maladjustment Predict Substance Abuse in a Collectivist Religious Country

Character Strengths and Social Support as Protective Factors between Grandparents’ Caregiving and Health-Related Quality of Life

Parental Psychological Control, Attachment Insecurity and Body Shame: How Relational Factors Impact Disordered Eating

Parenting a Child with Learning Disabilities: Mothers’ Self-Forgiveness, Well-Being, and Parental Behaviors

Indirect Effects of Parent–Child Relationship Quality and Media on Emerging Adult Body Esteem

The Process Linking Child-Invested Contingent Self-Esteem and Conditional Regard: The Roles of Maternal Anger and its Regulation