Rapid onset and long-term inhibition of return in the multiple cuing paradigm

It is worth noting that one flaw that is inherent in practically all experiments using the multiple cuing paradigm is that the requirement to only cue a location once on each trial leads to the possibility that participants will develop unwanted contingencies regarding the cues (e.g., having seen four cues, participants know there is a 50% chance that a cue will appear in one of the two remaining locations on screen whereas prior to the presentation of any cues, there is a 16.67% chance that a cue will appear in one of the six remaining locations on the screen). It is difficult to determine whether these contingencies also influence reaction times and this is an important issue for future study. It is worth noting, however, that in the prior experiment one might expect such contingencies to come into play more so with 1,500 ms cues relative to 15 ms cues (assuming these contingencies take some time to develop) but there is little difference in the magnitude of IOR between these conditions (as would be expected, however, reaction times are faster with 15 ms cues relative to 1,500 ms cues).