Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy 3/2018

10-01-2018

Psychometric Qualities of Turkish Version of Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ)

Auteurs: Ayse Altan-Atalay, Dilek Saritas-Atalar

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy | Uitgave 3/2018

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is an umbrella term that refers to an individual’s tendency to have negative thoughts in an uncontrollable and repetitive manner regardless of their content and temporal focus. RNT is suggested to be a transdiagnostic factor that may be associated with vulnerability for many different psychological disorders. The aim of the present study is to examine the psychometric qualities of Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), which is a scale that assesses non-disorder-specific form of RNT. The data was gathered from 446 Turkish individuals between the ages of 18 and 58 years through a web based data collection method. In addition to PTQ, the participants also completed questionnaires that measure worry, rumination, anxiety, depression, and thought suppression. Two models were tested, and CFA revealed a better fit for the 3-factor model. Results indicated that the scale has satisfactory levels of internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test–retest reliability. Further, correlation analyses showed moderate correlations with measures of worry, rumination, anxiety, and depression; which is indicative of satisfactory levels of both convergent and concurrent validity. In sum, Turkish version of PTQ is a psychometrically sound measure that researchers can utilize in research focusing on transdiagnostic processes.
Literatuur
go back to reference Altın, M., & Gençöz, T. (2009). Psychopathological correlates and psychometric properties of the White Bear Suppression Inventory in a Turkish sample. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25(1), 23–29.CrossRef Altın, M., & Gençöz, T. (2009). Psychopathological correlates and psychometric properties of the White Bear Suppression Inventory in a Turkish sample. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25(1), 23–29.CrossRef
go back to reference Arditte, K. A., Shaw, A. M., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Repetitive negative thinking: A transdiagnostic correlate of affective disorders. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 35(3), 181–201.CrossRef Arditte, K. A., Shaw, A. M., & Timpano, K. R. (2016). Repetitive negative thinking: A transdiagnostic correlate of affective disorders. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 35(3), 181–201.CrossRef
go back to reference Azevedo, J., Pereira, A. T., Amaral, A. P., Nogueira, V., Soares, M. J., Mota, D., et al. (2017). Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire: Confirmatory factor analysis with two different samples. European Psychiatry, 41, S377–S378.CrossRef Azevedo, J., Pereira, A. T., Amaral, A. P., Nogueira, V., Soares, M. J., Mota, D., et al. (2017). Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire: Confirmatory factor analysis with two different samples. European Psychiatry, 41, S377–S378.CrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(6), 893–897.CrossRefPubMed Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(6), 893–897.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press. Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238.CrossRefPubMed Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Bijttebier, P., Raes, F., Vasey, M. W., Bastin, M., & Ehring, T. W. (2015). Assessment of repetitive negative thinking in children: The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire-Child Version (PTQ-C). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 164–170.CrossRef Bijttebier, P., Raes, F., Vasey, M. W., Bastin, M., & Ehring, T. W. (2015). Assessment of repetitive negative thinking in children: The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire-Child Version (PTQ-C). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 164–170.CrossRef
go back to reference Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983). Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(1), 9–16.CrossRefPubMed Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983). Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(1), 9–16.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Brown, T. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guildford Press. Brown, T. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guildford Press.
go back to reference Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. London: Routledge. Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. London: Routledge.
go back to reference Černis, E., Dunn, G., Startup, H., Kingdon, D., Wingham, G., Evans, N., et al. (2016). The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire in patients with persecutory delusions. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 44(04), 472–481.CrossRefPubMed Černis, E., Dunn, G., Startup, H., Kingdon, D., Wingham, G., Evans, N., et al. (2016). The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire in patients with persecutory delusions. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 44(04), 472–481.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(3), 464–504.CrossRef Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14(3), 464–504.CrossRef
go back to reference Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255.CrossRef Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255.CrossRef
go back to reference Chou, C. P., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Estimates and tests in structural equation modeling. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 37–55). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Chou, C. P., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Estimates and tests in structural equation modeling. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 37–55). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Drost, J., Van der Does, W., van Hemert, A. M., Penninx, B. W., & Spinhoven, P. (2014). Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic factor in depression and anxiety: A conceptual replication. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 63, 177–183.CrossRefPubMed Drost, J., Van der Does, W., van Hemert, A. M., Penninx, B. W., & Spinhoven, P. (2014). Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic factor in depression and anxiety: A conceptual replication. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 63, 177–183.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ehring, T., Raes, F., Weidacker, K., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2012). Validation of the Dutch version of the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ-NL). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 28, 102–108.CrossRef Ehring, T., Raes, F., Weidacker, K., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2012). Validation of the Dutch version of the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ-NL). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 28, 102–108.CrossRef
go back to reference Ehring, T., & Watkins, E. R. (2008). Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1(3), 192–205.CrossRef Ehring, T., & Watkins, E. R. (2008). Repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic process. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1(3), 192–205.CrossRef
go back to reference Ehring, T., Zetsche, U., Weidacker, K., Wahl, K., Schönfeld, S., & Ehlers, A. (2011). The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(2), 225–232.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ehring, T., Zetsche, U., Weidacker, K., Wahl, K., Schönfeld, S., & Ehlers, A. (2011). The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ): Validation of a content-independent measure of repetitive negative thinking. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(2), 225–232.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Erdur-Baker, Ö., & Bugay, A. (2010). The short version of ruminative response scale: Reliability, validity and its relation to psychological symptoms. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 2178–2181.CrossRef Erdur-Baker, Ö., & Bugay, A. (2010). The short version of ruminative response scale: Reliability, validity and its relation to psychological symptoms. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 2178–2181.CrossRef
go back to reference Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., Williams, L. M., & Humphreys, K. (2016). A trans-diagnostic review of anxiety disorder comorbidity and the impact of multiple exclusion criteria on studying clinical outcomes in anxiety disorders. Translational Psychiatry, 6(6), e847.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., Williams, L. M., & Humphreys, K. (2016). A trans-diagnostic review of anxiety disorder comorbidity and the impact of multiple exclusion criteria on studying clinical outcomes in anxiety disorders. Translational Psychiatry, 6(6), e847.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Hartley, S., Bucci, S., & Morrison, A. P. (2017). Rumination and psychosis: An experimental, analogue study of the role of perseverative thought processes in voice-hearing. Psychosis, 9(2), 184–186.CrossRef Hartley, S., Bucci, S., & Morrison, A. P. (2017). Rumination and psychosis: An experimental, analogue study of the role of perseverative thought processes in voice-hearing. Psychosis, 9(2), 184–186.CrossRef
go back to reference Harvey, A. G., Watkins, E., Mansell, W., & Shafran, R. (2004). Cognitive behavioural processes across psychological disorders: A transdiagnostic approach to research and treatment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef Harvey, A. G., Watkins, E., Mansell, W., & Shafran, R. (2004). Cognitive behavioural processes across psychological disorders: A transdiagnostic approach to research and treatment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Hinton, D. E., Barlow, D. H., Reis, R., & de Jong, J. (2016). A transcultural model of the centrality of “thinking a lot” in psychopathologies across the globe and the process of localization: A Cambodian refugee example. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 40(4), 570–619.CrossRefPubMed Hinton, D. E., Barlow, D. H., Reis, R., & de Jong, J. (2016). A transcultural model of the centrality of “thinking a lot” in psychopathologies across the globe and the process of localization: A Cambodian refugee example. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 40(4), 570–619.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hisli, N. (1988). Beck depresyon envanterinin gecerligi üzerine bir calisma (A study for the validity of the Beck Depression Inventory). Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 6, 118–122. Hisli, N. (1988). Beck depresyon envanterinin gecerligi üzerine bir calisma (A study for the validity of the Beck Depression Inventory). Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 6, 118–122.
go back to reference Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55.CrossRef Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55.CrossRef
go back to reference Hu, L., Bentler, P. M., & Kano, Y. (1992). Can test statistics in covariance structure analysis be trusted? Psychological Bulletin, 112(2), 351–362.CrossRefPubMed Hu, L., Bentler, P. M., & Kano, Y. (1992). Can test statistics in covariance structure analysis be trusted? Psychological Bulletin, 112(2), 351–362.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford. Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Kornacka, M., Buczny, J., & Layton, R. L. (2016). Assessing repetitive negative thinking using categorical and transdiagnostic approaches: A comparison and validation of three Polish language adaptations of self-report questionnaires. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 322.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kornacka, M., Buczny, J., & Layton, R. L. (2016). Assessing repetitive negative thinking using categorical and transdiagnostic approaches: A comparison and validation of three Polish language adaptations of self-report questionnaires. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 322.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference McDowell, I. (2006). Measuring health: A guide to rating scales and questionnaires. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef McDowell, I. (2006). Measuring health: A guide to rating scales and questionnaires. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28(6), 487–495.CrossRefPubMed Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L., Metzger, R. L., & Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28(6), 487–495.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569.CrossRefPubMed Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(1), 115.CrossRefPubMed Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Morrow, J. (1991). A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(1), 115.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Watkins, E. R. (2011). A heuristic for developing transdiagnostic models of psychopathology: Explaining multifinality and divergent trajectories. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(6), 589–609.CrossRefPubMed Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Watkins, E. R. (2011). A heuristic for developing transdiagnostic models of psychopathology: Explaining multifinality and divergent trajectories. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(6), 589–609.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Nunnally, J. C. (1967). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw Hill. Nunnally, J. C. (1967). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw Hill.
go back to reference Öner, N., & Le Compte, A. (1983). Süreksiz Durumluk/Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları. Öner, N., & Le Compte, A. (1983). Süreksiz Durumluk/Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları.
go back to reference Raes, F. (2012). Repetitive negative thinking predicts depressed mood at 3-year follow-up in students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 34(4), 497–501.CrossRef Raes, F. (2012). Repetitive negative thinking predicts depressed mood at 3-year follow-up in students. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 34(4), 497–501.CrossRef
go back to reference Samtani, S., & Moulds, M. L. (2017). Assessing maladaptive repetitive thought in clinical disorders: A critical review of existing measures. Clinical Psychology Review, 53, 14–28.CrossRefPubMed Samtani, S., & Moulds, M. L. (2017). Assessing maladaptive repetitive thought in clinical disorders: A critical review of existing measures. Clinical Psychology Review, 53, 14–28.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Schweizer, K. (2010). Some guidelines concerning the modeling of traits and abilities in test construction. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 1–2.CrossRef Schweizer, K. (2010). Some guidelines concerning the modeling of traits and abilities in test construction. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26(1), 1–2.CrossRef
go back to reference Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). An investigation of factors associated with cognitive avoidance in worry. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33(2), 150–162.CrossRef Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). An investigation of factors associated with cognitive avoidance in worry. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33(2), 150–162.CrossRef
go back to reference Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
go back to reference Spinhoven, P., Drost, J., van Hemert, B., & Penninx, B. W. (2015). Common rather than unique aspects of repetitive negative thinking are related to depressive and anxiety disorders and symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 33, 45–52.CrossRefPubMed Spinhoven, P., Drost, J., van Hemert, B., & Penninx, B. W. (2015). Common rather than unique aspects of repetitive negative thinking are related to depressive and anxiety disorders and symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 33, 45–52.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sugiura, T., & Sugiura, Y. (2016). Relationships between refraining from catastrophic thinking, repetitive negative thinking, and psychological distress. Psychological Reports, 119(2), 374–394.CrossRefPubMed Sugiura, T., & Sugiura, Y. (2016). Relationships between refraining from catastrophic thinking, repetitive negative thinking, and psychological distress. Psychological Reports, 119(2), 374–394.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). New York: Allyn & Bacon Press. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). New York: Allyn & Bacon Press.
go back to reference Topper, M., Emmelkamp, P. M., & Ehring, T. (2010). Improving prevention of depression and anxiety disorders: Repetitive negative thinking as a promising target. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 14(1), 57–71.CrossRef Topper, M., Emmelkamp, P. M., & Ehring, T. (2010). Improving prevention of depression and anxiety disorders: Repetitive negative thinking as a promising target. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 14(1), 57–71.CrossRef
go back to reference Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27(3), 247–259.CrossRef Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27(3), 247–259.CrossRef
go back to reference Ulusoy, M., Sahin, N., & Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 12, 163–172. Ulusoy, M., Sahin, N., & Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 12, 163–172.
go back to reference Van Lier, J., Vervliet, B., Boddez, Y., & Raes, F. (2015). “Why is everyone always angry with me?!”: When thinking ‘why’leads to generalization. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 47, 34–41.CrossRefPubMed Van Lier, J., Vervliet, B., Boddez, Y., & Raes, F. (2015). “Why is everyone always angry with me?!”: When thinking ‘why’leads to generalization. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 47, 34–41.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994). Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality, 62(4), 615–640.CrossRef Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994). Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality, 62(4), 615–640.CrossRef
go back to reference Yılmaz, A. E., Gençöz, T., & Wells, A. (2008). Psychometric characteristics of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 and metacognitive predictors of worry and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in a Turkish sample. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 15(6), 424–439.CrossRefPubMed Yılmaz, A. E., Gençöz, T., & Wells, A. (2008). Psychometric characteristics of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 and metacognitive predictors of worry and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in a Turkish sample. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 15(6), 424–439.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Psychometric Qualities of Turkish Version of Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ)
Auteurs
Ayse Altan-Atalay
Dilek Saritas-Atalar
Publicatiedatum
10-01-2018
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy / Uitgave 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0894-9085
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6563
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-018-0285-7

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2018

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy 3/2018 Naar de uitgave