Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies 3/2022

15-02-2022 | Original Paper

Multiracial Families: Differences in Values & Relational Outcomes

Auteurs: Alexandrea L. Craft, Christina A. Rowley, Maureen Perry-Jenkins

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 3/2022

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Within the United States, approximately 17% of marriages occur between spouses of different races and/or ethnicities, while 1 out of every 7 children born identify as multiracial. Research suggests that, compared with monoracial couples, multiracial couples are at increased risk for negative relationship outcomes including divorce or separation. Although little research explores why these disparities exist, we surmise that poorer relational outcomes in multiracial families may be the result of heightened conflict caused by a greater difference in partners’ values and beliefs. In an understudied sample of expectant couples working in low-wage jobs, we examine differences in partner gender ideology and parenting beliefs as possible mechanisms underlying differential outcomes in relationship quality among multiracial families. This study examines whether the relationship between couple’s racial and ethnic composition (i.e., same versus different racial/ethnic backgrounds) and relationship quality (conflict, love, satisfaction) is mediated by differences in parenting beliefs and gender ideology. It is hypothesized that one mechanism that explains poorer outcomes (i.e., more conflict, less love, less satisfaction) is greater cross-racial differences in parenting beliefs and gender ideologies. Results indicated that multiracial families have lower love and relationship satisfaction and greater partner differences in gender ideology beliefs, however, gender ideology did not mediate the relationship between couple type and relationship quality. Overall, this study highlights the need for more longitudinal research and the exploration of other mechanisms underlying the different relationship outcomes for monoracial and multiracial families like social support, religiosity, and multicultural values.
Literatuur
go back to reference Braiker, H. B., & Kelley, H. H. (1979). Conflict in the development of close relationships. In R. L. Burgess & T. L. Huston (Eds.), Social exchange in developing relationships (pp. 135–168). New York, NY: Academic Press. Braiker, H. B., & Kelley, H. H. (1979). Conflict in the development of close relationships. In R. L. Burgess & T. L. Huston (Eds.), Social exchange in developing relationships (pp. 135–168). New York, NY: Academic Press.
go back to reference Brophy-Herb, H. E., Schiffman, R. F., Bocknek, E. L., Dupuis, S. B., Fitzgerald, H. E., Horodynski, M., Onaga, E., Van Egeren, L. A., & Hillaker, B. (2011). Toddlers’ social-emotional competence in the contexts of maternal emotion socialization and contingent responsive- ness in a low-income sample. Social Development, 20(1), 73–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2009.00570.x.CrossRef Brophy-Herb, H. E., Schiffman, R. F., Bocknek, E. L., Dupuis, S. B., Fitzgerald, H. E., Horodynski, M., Onaga, E., Van Egeren, L. A., & Hillaker, B. (2011). Toddlers’ social-emotional competence in the contexts of maternal emotion socialization and contingent responsive- ness in a low-income sample. Social Development, 20(1), 73–92. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​j.​1467-9507.​2009.​00570.​x.CrossRef
go back to reference Chant, S., & Craske, N. (2003). Gender and sexuality. Gender in Latin America, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press Chant, S., & Craske, N. (2003). Gender and sexuality. Gender in Latin America, New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press
go back to reference Coll, C. G., & Pachter, L. M. (2002). Ethnic and minority parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Social conditions and applied parenting (pp. 1–20). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. Coll, C. G., & Pachter, L. M. (2002). Ethnic and minority parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting: Social conditions and applied parenting (pp. 1–20). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
go back to reference Falicov, C. J. (1995). Cross-cultural marriages. In N. S. Jacobson, & A. S. Gurman (Eds.), Clinical Handbook of Couples Therapy (pp. 231–246). New York: Guilford Press. Falicov, C. J. (1995). Cross-cultural marriages. In N. S. Jacobson, & A. S. Gurman (Eds.), Clinical Handbook of Couples Therapy (pp. 231–246). New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Gaines, Jr, S. O., Granrose, C. S., Rios, D. I., Garcia, B. F., Youn, M. S. P., Farris, K. R., & Bledsoe, K. L. (1999). Patterns of attachment and responses to accommodative dilemmas among interethnic/interracial couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 16(2), 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407599162009.CrossRef Gaines, Jr, S. O., Granrose, C. S., Rios, D. I., Garcia, B. F., Youn, M. S. P., Farris, K. R., & Bledsoe, K. L. (1999). Patterns of attachment and responses to accommodative dilemmas among interethnic/interracial couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 16(2), 275–285. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1177/​0265407599162009​.CrossRef
go back to reference Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford publications. Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford publications.
go back to reference Kreider, R. M. (2000). Interracial marriage and marital instability. In Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America, Los Angeles, CA. Kreider, R. M. (2000). Interracial marriage and marital instability. In Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America, Los Angeles, CA.
go back to reference Lee, J., & Bean, F. D. (2010). The diversity paradox: Immigration and the color line in twenty-first century America. Russell Sage Foundation. Lee, J., & Bean, F. D. (2010). The diversity paradox: Immigration and the color line in twenty-first century America. Russell Sage Foundation.
go back to reference Leerkes, E. M., Supple, A. J., O’Brien, M., Calkins, S. D., Haltigan, J. D., Wong, M. S., & Fortuna, K. (2015). Antecedents of maternal sensitivity during distressing tasks: Integrating attachment, social information processing, and psychobiological perspectives. Child Development, 86(1), 94–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12288.CrossRefPubMed Leerkes, E. M., Supple, A. J., O’Brien, M., Calkins, S. D., Haltigan, J. D., Wong, M. S., & Fortuna, K. (2015). Antecedents of maternal sensitivity during distressing tasks: Integrating attachment, social information processing, and psychobiological perspectives. Child Development, 86(1), 94–111. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​cdev.​12288.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lemay E. P., Jr, Ryan, J. E., Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2020). Validation of negativity: Drawbacks of interpersonal responsiveness during conflicts with outsiders. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000214. Lemay E. P., Jr, Ryan, J. E., Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2020). Validation of negativity: Drawbacks of interpersonal responsiveness during conflicts with outsiders. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119(1), 104. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​pspi0000214.
go back to reference Livingston, G., & Brown, A. (2017). Intermarriage in the US 50 years after Loving v. Virginia. Pew Research Center, 1–35. Livingston, G., & Brown, A. (2017). Intermarriage in the US 50 years after Loving v. Virginia. Pew Research Center, 1–35.
go back to reference MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate behavioral research, 39(1), 99–128. MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate behavioral research, 39(1), 99–128.
go back to reference Muthén, L. K. and Muthén, B. O. (2017). Mplus User’s Guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén. Muthén, L. K. and Muthén, B. O. (2017). Mplus Users Guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
go back to reference Perry-Jenkins, M., & Schoppe-Sullivan, S. (2019). The transition to parenthood in social context. In APA handbook of contemporary family psychology: Foundations, methods, and contemporary issues across the lifespan, Vol. 1 (pp. 463–482). American Psychological Association Perry-Jenkins, M., & Schoppe-Sullivan, S. (2019). The transition to parenthood in social context. In APA handbook of contemporary family psychology: Foundations, methods, and contemporary issues across the lifespan, Vol. 1 (pp. 463–482). American Psychological Association
go back to reference Rollins, A., & Roy, R. N. (2019). Biracial Families: Crossing Boundaries, Blending Cultures, and Challenging Racial Ideologies. Springer. Rollins, A., & Roy, R. N. (2019). Biracial Families: Crossing Boundaries, Blending Cultures, and Challenging Racial Ideologies. Springer.
go back to reference Rosenblatt, P. C. (2009). A systems theory analysis of intercultural couple relationships. Intercultural couples: Exploring diversity in intimate relationships, 320. Routledge. Rosenblatt, P. C. (2009). A systems theory analysis of intercultural couple relationships. Intercultural couples: Exploring diversity in intimate relationships, 320. Routledge.
go back to reference Roy, R. N. (2019). Transition to parenthood. In Biracial Families (pp. 105–127). Springer, Cham. Roy, R. N. (2019). Transition to parenthood. In Biracial Families (pp. 105–127). Springer, Cham.
go back to reference Roy, R. N., Mitchell, Y., James, A., Miller, B., & Hutchinson, J. (2019). Experiences of family and social support during the transition to motherhood among mothers of biracial and monoracial infants. In Transitions into Parenthood: Examining the Complexities of Childrearing. Emerald Publishing Limited. Roy, R. N., Mitchell, Y., James, A., Miller, B., & Hutchinson, J. (2019). Experiences of family and social support during the transition to motherhood among mothers of biracial and monoracial infants. In Transitions into Parenthood: Examining the Complexities of Childrearing. Emerald Publishing Limited.
go back to reference Schumm, W. R., Paff-Bergen, L. A., Hatch, R. C., Obiorah, F. C., Copeland, J. M., Meens, L. D., & Bugaighis, M. A. (1986). Concurrent and discriminant validity of the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale. Journal of Marriage and Family, 381–387. https://doi.org/10.2307/352405. Schumm, W. R., Paff-Bergen, L. A., Hatch, R. C., Obiorah, F. C., Copeland, J. M., Meens, L. D., & Bugaighis, M. A. (1986). Concurrent and discriminant validity of the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale. Journal of Marriage and Family, 381–387. https://​doi.​org/​10.​2307/​352405.
go back to reference Sobel, M. E. (1982). An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests, Calculation for the Sobel Test, Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. Sobel, M. E. (1982). An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests, Calculation for the Sobel Test, Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models.
go back to reference Stevenson, T. (1995). Comparing the relationships of interracial and same-race couples: Implications for providing couples therapy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA. Stevenson, T. (1995). Comparing the relationships of interracial and same-race couples: Implications for providing couples therapy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.
go back to reference Stringer, H. (1991). A comparison of selected marital characteristics in black-white interracial marriages and same race marriages. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University, Columbus. Stringer, H. (1991). A comparison of selected marital characteristics in black-white interracial marriages and same race marriages. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University, Columbus.
go back to reference Strom, R. D., Strom, P. S., & Beckert, T. E. (2008). Comparing Black, Hispanic, and White mothers with a national standard of parenting. Adolescence, 43(171). Strom, R. D., Strom, P. S., & Beckert, T. E. (2008). Comparing Black, Hispanic, and White mothers with a national standard of parenting. Adolescence, 43(171).
go back to reference Wang, W. (2012). The rise of intermarriage. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Wang, W. (2012). The rise of intermarriage. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.
Metagegevens
Titel
Multiracial Families: Differences in Values & Relational Outcomes
Auteurs
Alexandrea L. Craft
Christina A. Rowley
Maureen Perry-Jenkins
Publicatiedatum
15-02-2022
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 3/2022
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02247-8

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2022

Journal of Child and Family Studies 3/2022 Naar de uitgave