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15-03-2023 | Empirical Research

The Power Dynamics of Friendship: Between- and Within- Person Associations among Friend Dominance, Self-Esteem, and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms

Auteurs: Hannah L. Schacter, Adam J. Hoffman, Alexandra D. Ehrhardt

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 6/2023

Abstract

Although forming close, egalitarian peer relationships is a central developmental task of adolescence, little is known about the psychological consequences of power imbalances in adolescents’ friendships. The current study investigated whether there are psychological costs of feeling subordinate to friends by examining longitudinal associations between adolescents’ perceived friend dominance and internalizing symptoms. Across one year, five waves of survey data were collected from 388 adolescents (M_age = 14.05, SD_age = 0.41; 61% female; 46% White, 19% Black, 17% Asian, 6% Arab, Middle Eastern, North African, 6% Biracial/Multiethnic, 3% Latinx/Hispanic, 1% American Indian/Native American, 1% identifying with another race/ethnicity, <1% not reporting). Multilevel modeling disentangled between- and within-person effects of perceived friend dominance on depressive and anxiety (internalizing) symptoms and tested self-esteem as a mediator. The results indicated that both individual differences and intraindividual fluctuations in perceived friend dominance were associated with internalizing symptoms. At the between-person level, adolescents who perceived their friends as more dominant reported more severe depressive and anxiety symptoms than adolescents who perceived their friends as less dominant. At the within-person level, increases in perceived friend dominance were accompanied by increases in depressive and anxiety symptoms, and these associations were partially explained by changes in self-esteem. The findings advance understanding of power dynamics in adolescents’ close friendships and highlight the psychological toll of feeling dominated by friends.

vorige artikel Not Next to You: Peer Rejection, Sociodemographic Characteristics and the Moderating Effects of Classroom Composition

volgende artikel Associations between Profiles of Helicopter Parenting and Decisional Procrastination among Chinese Adolescents

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Titel: The Power Dynamics of Friendship: Between- and Within- Person Associations among Friend Dominance, Self-Esteem, and Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms
Auteurs: Hannah L. Schacter
Adam J. Hoffman
Alexandra D. Ehrhardt
Publicatiedatum: 15-03-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01763-0

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