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01-03-2008 | Original Article

Laterally focused attention modulates asymmetric coupling in rhythmic interlimb coordination

Auteurs: Harjo J. de Poel, C. (Lieke) E. Peper, Peter J. Beek

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 2/2008

Abstract

Peters (J Motor Behav 21:151–155, 1989; Interlimb coordination: neural, dynamical and cognitive constraints, Academic, Orlando, pp 595–615, 1994) suggested that expressions of handedness in bimanual coordination may be reflections of an inherent attentional bias. Indeed, previous results indicated that focusing attention on one of the limbs affected the relative phasing between the limbs in a manner comparable to the effects of hand dominance. The present study extended the comparison between the effects of attentional focus and handedness by testing their impact on the interactions between the limbs. Both left-handed and right-handed participants performed rhythmic bimanual coordination tasks (in-phase and antiphase coordination), while directing attention to either limb. Using brief mechanical perturbations, the degree to which the limbs were influenced by each other was determined. The results revealed that the non-dominant limb was more strongly affected by the dominant limb than vice versa and that, in line with Peters’ proposition, this handedness-related asymmetry in coupling strength was reduced when attention was focused on the non-dominant limb, thereby highlighting the potential relation between inherent (handedness-related) asymmetries and voluntary attentional asymmetries. In contrast to previous findings, the (commonly observed) phase lead of the dominant limb was attenuated (rather than accrued) when attention was focused on this limb. This unexpected result was explained in terms of the observed attention-related difference in amplitude between the limbs.

vorige artikel The influence of trial-to-trial recalibration on sequential effects in cross-modality matching

volgende artikel Effector-related sequence learning in a bimanual-bisequential serial reaction time task

Note that the handedness-related asymmetries in interlimb coupling strength may be altered when additional task-related differences between the limbs are introduced. For instance, it has been shown for non-mirror-symmetric bimanual circle drawing that the direction of circling determines which limb tends to lead (Franz, Rowse, & Ballentine, 2002) and that, when tapping two unequal rhythms, the faster tapping hand influences the slower hand more strongly than vice versa (e.g., Byblow et al., 1998; Peper, Beek, & Van Wieringen, 1995a; Summers et al., 2002), even though in the latter case handedness-related effects are still noticeable (Byblow et al., 1998; Summers et al., 2002).

The exclusion of one LH participant following a more stringent selection criterion (i.e., |LQ| > 70, cf. De Poel et al., in press) yielded qualitatively similar results.

Inclusion of the attentionally neutral condition in the ANOVA for the 12 participants that also participated in the experiment by De Poel et al. (in press; see previous section) also revealed a main effect of attention, F(1, 20) = 12.13, p < 0.001, f = 1.10. Post hoc simple effects analyses revealed that directing attention towards the D limb (mean Δφ = 0.8°) decreased the D limb phase lead when compared to the neutral condition (mean Δφ = 2.7°), F(1, 10) = 8.43, p < 0.05, f = 0.95, whereas the increase that was observed when attention was directed to the ND limb (mean Δφ = 4.5°) did not reach significance.

Cycle amplitude (in degrees) was defined as the average of the half-cycle peak-to-peak excursions, divided by 2. Since we were specifically interested in the effect of attention on the difference in amplitude of both arm movements, the values were averaged over coordination mode and frequency conditions.

Given this relation, it is useful to emphasize that the observed D limb phase lead was not related to an amplitude difference, because the ANOVA on mean angular amplitude did not reveal a main effect of arm (D, ND). Moreover, re-analysis of the attentionally neutral condition (as obtained by De Poel et al., in press) also revealed no significant difference between the amplitudes of the D and ND arm.

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Titel: Laterally focused attention modulates asymmetric coupling in rhythmic interlimb coordination
Auteurs: Harjo J. de Poel
C. (Lieke) E. Peper
Peter J. Beek
Publicatiedatum: 01-03-2008
Uitgeverij: Springer-Verlag
Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research / Uitgave 2/2008
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-006-0096-9

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