Top

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in:

02-08-2018

Latent profile analysis of the three-dimensional model of character strengths to distinguish at-strengths and at-risk populations

Auteurs: Wenjie Duan, Yuhang Wang

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 11/2018

Abstract

Purpose

Studies that focus on the development of the typology of individual strength profiles are limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine strength profiles with different health outcomes based on the Three-Dimensional Inventory of Character Strengths (TICS).

Methods

The TICS was used to measure three-dimensional strengths: caring, inquisitiveness, and self-control. A total of 3536 community participants (1322 males and 2214 females with ages ranging from 17 to 50, M = 23.96, SD = 5.13) completed the TICS. A subsample (n = 853; female = 68.2%, male = 31.8%) was further required to complete the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Flourishing Scale. A latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted in the total sample to identify the latent strength profiles. Then, a three-step method was implemented to compare the mental health outcomes between strength profiles in the subsample.

Results

The LPA helped determine two subgroups based on the entire sample: the at-strengths group (high scores on all dimensions) and the at-risk group (low scores on all dimensions). As expected, the at-strengths group had less significant negative emotional symptoms (at-strengths group = 0.57, at-risk group = 0.83, χ² = 33.54, p < .001) and had better psychological well-being (at-strengths group = 5.81, at-risk group = 4.64, χ² = 276.64, p < .001).

Conclusions

This study identified two character strength profiles with different health outcomes. Specifically, populations with low-character strengths (caring, inquisitiveness, and self-control) were more likely to demonstrate poor mental health outcomes. Our findings also showed that a particular trait subtype can be considered in identifying high-risk populations and further implementing targeted strength-based interventions.

vorige artikel Psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life in South African alcohol use disorder patients

volgende artikel Acceptance, social support, benefit-finding, and depression in women with gynecological cancer

Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Strengths of character and well-being. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, 23(5), 603–619. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.23.5.603.50748. CrossRef

Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. New York: Oxford University Press.

Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Wellenzohn, S., & Ruch, W. (2015). Strengths-based positive psychology interventions: A randomized placebo-controlled online trial on long-term effects for a signature strengths- vs. a lesser strengths-intervention. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00456. CrossRef

Proyer, R. T., Ruch, W., & Buschor, C. (2013). Testing strengths-based interventions: A preliminary study on the effectiveness of a program targeting curiosity, gratitude, hope, humor, and zest for enhancing life satisfaction. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(1), 275–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9331-9. CrossRef

Duan, W., Ho, S. M. Y., Tang, X., Li, T., & Zhang, Y. (2014). Character strength-based intervention to promote satisfaction with life in the Chinese University context. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15(6), 1347–1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-013-9479-y. CrossRef

Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Wellenzohn, S., & Ruch, W. (2014). Positive psychology interventions in people aged 50–79 years: Long-term effects of placebo-controlled online interventions on well-being and depression. Aging & Mental Health, 18(8), 997–1005. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.899978. CrossRef

Mongrain, M., & Anselmo-Matthews, T. (2012). Do positive psychology exercises work? A replication of Seligman et al. (2005). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(4), 382–389. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21839. CrossRefPubMed

Conrod, P. J., Castellanos, N., & Mackie, C. (2008). Personality-targeted interventions delay the growth of adolescent drinking and binge drinking. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 49(2), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01826.x. CrossRef

Mahu, I. T., Doucet, C., O’Leary-Barrett, M., & Conrod, P. J. (2015). Can cannabis use be prevented by targeting personality risk in schools? Twenty-four-month outcome of the adventure trial on cannabis use: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Addiction, 110(10), 1625–1633. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12991. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Strickhouser, J. E., Zell, E., & Krizan, Z. (2017). Does personality predict health and well-being? A metasynthesis. Health Psychology, 36(8), 797–810. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000475. doi. CrossRefPubMed

11.

Jokela, M., Pulkki-Råback, L., Elovainio, M., & Kivimäki, M. (2014). Personality traits as risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease mortality: Pooled analysis of three cohort studies. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37(5), 881–889. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-013-9548-z. CrossRefPubMed

12.

Osborne, D., & Sibley, C. G. (2013). After the disaster: Using the big-five to predict changes in mental health among survivors of the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. Disaster Prevention and Management, 22(5), 456–466. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPM-09-2013-0161. CrossRef

13.

Haridas, S., Bhullar, N., & Dunstan, D. A. (2017). What’s in character strengths? Profiling strengths of the heart and mind in a community sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 113, 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.006. CrossRef

14.

Peterson, C. (2007). Brief strengths test. Cincinnati: VIA Institute.

15.

Bird, V. J., Le, B. C., Leamy, M., Larsen, J., Oades, L. G., Williams, J., et al. (2012). Assessing the strengths of mental health consumers: A systematic review. Psychological Assessment, 24(4), 1024–1033. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028983. CrossRefPubMed

16.

Ho, S. M. Y., Rochelle, T. L., Law, L. S. C., Duan, W., Bai, Y., & Shih, S. M. (2014). Methodological issues in positive psychology research with diverse populations: Exploring strengths among Chinese adults. Netherlands: Springer.

17.

Mcgrath, R. E. (2014). Integrating psychological and cultural perspectives on virtue: The hierarchical structure of character strengths. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(5), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.994222. CrossRef

18.

Kristjánsson, K. (2010). Positive psychology, happiness, and virtue: The troublesome conceptual issues. Review of General Psychology, 14(4), 296–310. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020781. CrossRef

19.

Cheung, F. M., Van, dV., Fons, J. R., & Leong, F. T. L. (2011). Toward a new approach to the study of personality in culture. American Psychologist, 66(7), 593–603. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022389. CrossRefPubMed

20.

Duan, W., & Bu, H. (2017). Development and initial validation of a short three-dimensional inventory of character strengths. Quality of Life Research, 26(9), 2519–2531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1579-4. CrossRefPubMed

21.

Duan, W., & Ho, S. M. Y. (2016). Three-dimensional model of strengths: Examination of invariance across gender, age, education levels, and marriage status. Community Mental Health Journal, 53(2), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-016-0038-y. CrossRefPubMed

22.

Duan, W., Ho, S. M. Y., Yu, B., Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Li, T., et al. (2012). Factor structure of the Chinese virtues questionnaire. Research on Social Work Practice, 22(6), 680–688. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731512450074. CrossRef

23.

Duan, W., & Ho, S. M. Y. (2017). Three-dimensional model of strengths: Examination of invariance across gender, age, education levels, and marriage status. Community Mental Health Journal, 53(2), 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-016-0038-y. CrossRefPubMed

24.

Dziak, J. J., Bray, B. C., Zhang, J., Zhang, M., & Lanza, S. T. (2016). Comparing the performance of improved classify-analyze approaches for distal outcomes in latent profile analysis. Methodology European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral & Social Sciences, 12(4), 107. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000114. CrossRef

25.

Seligman, M. E. P. (2015). Chris Peterson’s unfinished masterwork: The real mental illnesses. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(1), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.888582. CrossRef

26.

Li, T., Duan, W., & Guo, P. (2017). Character strengths, social anxiety, and physiological stress reactivity. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3396. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

27.

Rassart, J., Luyckx, K., Goossens, E., Oris, L., Apers, S., & Moons, P. (2016). A big five personality typology in adolescents with congenital heart disease: Prospective associations with psychosocial functioning and perceived health. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 23(3), 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-016-9547-x. CrossRefPubMed

28.

Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety and stress scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychological Foundation.

29.

Wang, K., Shi, H. S., Geng, F. L., Zou, L. Q., Tan, S. P., Wang, Y., et al. (2016). Cross-cultural validation of the depression anxiety stress scale–21 in China. Psychological Assessment, 28(5), e88. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000207. CrossRefPubMed

30.

Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Chu, K. P., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., et al. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9493-y. CrossRef

31.

Tang, X., Duan, W., Wang, Z., & Liu, T. (2016). Psychometric evaluation of the simplified Chinese version of flourishing scale. Research on Social Work Practice, 26(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731514557832. CrossRef

32.

Bakk, Z., & Vermunt, J. K. (2016). Robustness of stepwise latent class modeling with continuous distal outcomes. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 23(1), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.955104. CrossRef

33.

Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. (2014). Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Three-step approaches using Mplus. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(3), 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2014.915181. CrossRef

34.

Muthén, L., & Muthén, B. (2012). Mplus user’s guide (version 7.2). Los Angeles: Muthén &Muthén.

35.

Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(4), 535–569. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510701575396. CrossRef

36.

Liu, X., Lv, Y., Ma, Q., Guo, F., Yan, X., & Ji, L. (2016). The basic features and patterns of character strengths among children and adolescents in China. Studies of Psychology & Behavior, 27(5), 536–542. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-0628. CrossRef

37.

Niemiec, R. M. (2013). VIA character strengths: Research and practice (the first 10 years). In H. H. Knoop, A. Delle & Fave (Eds.), Well-being and cultures: Perspectives from positive psychology (pp. 11–29). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. CrossRef

38.

Hausler, M., Strecker, C., Huber, A., Brenner, M., Höge, T., & Höfer, S. (2017). Distinguishing relational aspects of character strengths with subjective and psychological well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1159. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01159. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Duan, W. (2016). The benefits of personal strengths in mental health of stressed students: A longitudinal investigation. Quality of Life Research, 25(11), 2879–2888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-016-1320-8. CrossRefPubMed

40.

Ruch, W., Huber, A., Beermann, U., & Proyer, R. T. (2007). Character strengths as predictors of the “good life” in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Studii Şi Cercetari din domeniul ştiinţelor socio-umane, 16, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-3648. CrossRef

41.

Freidlin, P., Littman-Ovadia, H., & Niemiec, R. M. (2017). Positive psychopathology: Social anxiety via character strengths underuse and overuse. Personality & Individual Differences, 108(C), 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.003. CrossRef

42.

Toner, E., Haslam, N., Robinson, J., & Williams, P. (2012). Character strengths and wellbeing in adolescence: Structure and correlates of the values in action inventory of strengths for children. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(5), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.014. CrossRef

43.

Gillham, J., AdamsDeutsch, Z., Werner, J., Reivich, K., CoulterHeindl, V., Linkins, M., et al. (2011). Character strengths predict subjective well-being during adolescence. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2010.536773. CrossRef

44.

Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Wellenzohn, S., & Ruch, W. (2013). What good are character strengths beyond subjective well-being? The contribution of the good character on self-reported health-oriented behavior, physical fitness, and the subjective health status. Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(3), 222–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2013.777767. CrossRef

45.

Ho, S. M. Y., Li, W. L., Duan, W., Siu, B. P. Y., Yau, S., Yeung, G., et al. (2016). A brief strengths scale for individuals with mental health issues. Psychological Assessment, 28(2), 147. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000164. CrossRefPubMed

46.

Fredrickson, B. L. (1998) What good are positive emotions?. Review of General Psychology, 2, 300–319. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.300. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

47.

Reynolds, F. (2000). Managing depression through needlecraft creative activities: A qualitative study. Arts in Psychotherapy, 27(2), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0197-4556(99)00033-7. CrossRef

48.

Chan, M. (2013). Mobile phones and the good life: Examining the relationships among mobile use, social capital and subjective well-being. New Media & Society, 17(1), 96–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813516836. CrossRef

49.

Martin, L. R., Friedman, H. S., & Schwartz, J. E. (2007). Personality and mortality risk across the life span: The importance of conscientiousness as a biopsychosocial attribute. Health Psychology, 26(4), 428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.428. CrossRefPubMed

50.

Deary, I. J., Weiss, A., & Batty, G. D. (2010). Intelligence and personality as predictors of illness and death: How researchers in differential psychology and chronic disease epidemiology are collaborating to understand and address health inequalities. Psychological Science in the Public Interest: A Journal of the American Psychological Society, 11(2), 53–79. https://doi.org/10.2307/41038735. CrossRef

51.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian Psychology, 49(3), 182–185. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012801. CrossRef

52.

Furnham, A., Treglown, L., Hyde, G., & Trickey, G. (2016). The bright and dark side of altruism: Demographic, personality traits, and disorders associated with altruism. Journal of Business Ethics, 134(3), 359–368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2435-x. CrossRef

53.

Moran, C. M., Diefendorff, J. M., Kim, T. Y., & Liu, Z. Q. (2012). A profile approach to self-determination theory motivations at work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(3), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.09.002. CrossRef

54.

Duan, W., & Xie, D. (2016). Measuring adolescent flourishing: Psychometric properties of flourishing scale in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916655504. CrossRef

55.

Zhou, Y., & Liu, X. P. (2011). Character strengths of college students: The relationship between character strengths and subjective well-being. Psychological Development & Education, 27(5), 536–542. https://doi.org/10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2011.05.005. CrossRef

Titel: Latent profile analysis of the three-dimensional model of character strengths to distinguish at-strengths and at-risk populations
Auteurs: Wenjie Duan
Yuhang Wang
Publicatiedatum: 02-08-2018
Uitgeverij: Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 11/2018
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1933-1

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 11/2018

Psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis: reliability, validity and responsiveness

Testing alternative regression models to predict utilities: mapping the QLQ-C30 onto the EQ-5D-5L and the SF-6D

Psychometric properties of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life assessment in Singapore

Subjectively different but objectively the same? Three profiles of QoL in people with severe mental health problems

Evaluating the PROMIS-29 v2.0 for use among older adults with multiple chronic conditions

Life satisfaction and pain interference in spine surgery patients before and after surgery: comparison between on-opioid and opioid-naïve patients