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Gepubliceerd in:

2014 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

2. Klinische ontwikkelingsneuropsychologie

Auteur : Hanna Swaab

Gepubliceerd in: Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Hersenen-omgevinginteractie

De klinische toepassing van neuropsychologie bij kinderen en jeugdigen probeert verbanden te ontdekken tussen gedrag (in de breedste zin van het woord) en het disfunctioneren van de hersenen in ontwikkeling. Prenataal vindt de snelste groei van de hersenen plaats en in die periode kunnen allerlei verstoringen optreden, veroorzaakt door aanlegfactoren (bijvoorbeeld genetische syndromen) of omgevingsinvloeden (zoals alcohol en drugsgebruik door de moeder). Verstoringen van de postnatale ontwikkeling zijn minder zichtbaar in de morfologie van de hersenen, maar hebben hun effect op groei en differentiatie en daardoor ook invloed op de functionaliteit. De neuropsychologische diagnostiek-behandelcyclus is gebaseerd op diverse modellen van hersen-gedragrelaties en beschrijft tien stappen. In dit hoofdstuk worden daarnaast de risico- en beschermende factoren beschreven, waarbij steeds de interactie tussen omgeving en aanleg wordt belicht. De preventie richt zich op het vermijden van risico’s en het stimuleren van optimale opvoedingsomstandigheden. Door de snelle ontwikkelingen in technieken om de werking van de hersenen in beeld te brengen, wordt het mogelijk om in de toekomst meer inzicht te verwerven in de interactie tussen omgevingsfactoren en aanlegfactoren en de invloed daarvan op de ontwikkeling van gedrag.

vorige hoofdstuk Ontwikkeling en psychopathologie

volgende hoofdstuk Genetica en de ontwikkeling van kinderen

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Titel: Klinische ontwikkelingsneuropsychologie
Auteur: Hanna Swaab
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek: Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie
Print ISBN: 978-90-368-0494-3

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-368-0495-0

Copyright: 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0495-0_2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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