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Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde 2/2004

01-04-2004 | Artikelen

Het juiste geneesmiddel voor de juiste patiënt: farmacogenetica in de kindergeneeskundige praktijk

Auteurs: H. E. Wiersma, R. P. Koopmans, A. P. Bos, H. van den Berg, W. M. C. van Aalderen, R. H. N. van Schaik, J. N. van den Anker

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 2/2004

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Samenvatting

Farmacogenetica bestudeert hoe genetische verschillen de reactie op een geneesmiddel beïnvloeden. Van deze genetische variabiliteit is bekend dat deze de processen van absorptie, metabolisme en de interactie van geneesmiddel met de receptor kan beïnvloeden. Zo ontstaan de fenotypen van langzame, snelle of incomplete absorptie en een langzaam of snel metabolisme. Genetische polymorfismen die van invloed zijn op absorptie en metabolisme van bepaalde geneesmiddelen worden besproken. Van het mdr-1-gen, dat codeert voor een belangrijke transporter, is een polymorfisme bekend dat van invloed is op de absorptie van digoxine en ciclosporine. Van de cytochroom p450-enzymen, de belangrijkste enzymen in het geneesmiddelenmetabolisme, is een aantal polymorfismen beschreven, waarvan sommige de klaring van bepaalde geneesmiddelen beïnvloeden en daarmee de biologische beschikbaarheid. Naast genetische variatie in deze enzymen speelt ook de ontwikkeling een belangrijke rol waardoor sommige enzymen pas op latere leeftijd tot volledige expressie komen. Vooral in de pediatrische oncologie zijn farmacogenetische onderzoeken van belang, gezien de smalle therapeutische breedte van veel gebruikte middelen. In de toekomst zal farmacogenetisch onderzoek leiden tot individuele farmacotherapie en zullen patiënten opgespoord kunnen worden met een hoger risico op bijwerkingen of patiënten die genetisch niet kunnen reageren op het voorgeschreven geneesmiddel.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Het juiste geneesmiddel voor de juiste patiënt: farmacogenetica in de kindergeneeskundige praktijk
Auteurs
H. E. Wiersma
R. P. Koopmans
A. P. Bos
H. van den Berg
W. M. C. van Aalderen
R. H. N. van Schaik
J. N. van den Anker
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2004
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 2/2004
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061491

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