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01-08-2014 | Original Article

Emotion Regulation of Goals in Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression: A Comparison of Rumination and Mindfulness

Auteurs: Kirsten Gilbert, June Gruber

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2014

Abstract

Progress towards goals is intertwined with emotional responding, yet little is known about how emotions are regulated during this process. This is especially pertinent in disorders characterized by emotional and goal dysregulation, such as bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The current study experimentally examined the influence of two emotion regulation strategies—rumination and mindfulness—on emotional responding to goal striving among individuals with BD, MDD, and a healthy control group. Participants visualized a future unattained goal and then engaged in a maladaptive (rumination) or adaptive (mindfulness) induction while experiential and autonomic responses were measured. Across participants, ruminating on a future goal was associated with increased negative and positive emotion and elevated cardiovascular arousal. Compared with ruminating, mindfulness was associated with increased positive emotion and parasympathetic responding. Ruminating on goals appears to exacerbate emotional reactivity while being mindful of one’s goals is beneficial in healthy and clinical samples.

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Levels of each class of medication were recorded using the Somatotherapy Index (Bauer et al. 1997) for both the BD and MDD groups who were taking psychotropic medications. Specifically, bivariate correlations were conducted within each group separately, as well as a combined clinical group (both BD and MDD), between the intensity of medication dose equivalency and the emotion response dependent variables (i.e., both subjective and physiological responding and goal expectancy). Results did not reveal significant correlations between medication dosage across different medication classes and emotion response variables during the experimental induction.

The physiological baseline was a combined average of the two counterbalanced 60 s baseline periods prior to the onset of the Rumination and Mindfulness conditions separately. Baseline self-reported emotion was assessed once at the beginning of the experimental session.

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Titel: Emotion Regulation of Goals in Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression: A Comparison of Rumination and Mindfulness
Auteurs: Kirsten Gilbert
June Gruber
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2014
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9602-3

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