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04-04-2024 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Virtual Reality Training on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Chinese University Students

Auteurs: Lange Zheng, Wangze Li, Shaogang Song, Xuemiao Xiao, Su Rou Low, Yue Zhang, Xiaoyu Yu, Yan Peng

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 4/2024

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Abstract

Objectives

To examine the effects of mindfulness-based Virtual Reality (VR) and relaxing music VR on relieving anxiety, stress, and depression in Chinese university students, respectively.

Method

A 2-week virtual reality intervention was conducted among university students in China. Sixty participants were randomized to three groups namely: (1)“Mindfulness VR”, (2) “Relaxing Music VR”, or (3) “Blank Control”. Participants' depression, anxiety, and stress levels were measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at a 12-week follow-up. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired-sample t-tests were performed to compare the effects of interventions on negative emotions outcomes.

Results

As compared to the control group, Mindfulness VR group and Relaxing Music VR group led to a decrease in depression, anxiety, and stress levels. The least significant difference test showed that Mindfulness VR group performed the best in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress levels. However, the paired-samples t-test showed no statistically significant differences in depression, anxiety, and stress levels across the three groups at both the 2-week and 12-week follow-up periods.

Conclusions

Both Mindfulness VR and Relaxing Music VR were effective psychological interventions in alleviating negative emotions. As compared to Relaxing Music VR, Mindfulness VR was found to be significantly more effective. Therefore, future efforts could focus on enhancing the Mindfulness VR intervention to benefit more university students. Besides that, further research should also be conducted to confirm the long-term impact of both interventions on alleviating negative emotions.

Preregistration

This study is not preregistered.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Virtual Reality Training on Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Chinese University Students
Auteurs
Lange Zheng
Wangze Li
Shaogang Song
Xuemiao Xiao
Su Rou Low
Yue Zhang
Xiaoyu Yu
Yan Peng
Publicatiedatum
04-04-2024
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Mindfulness / Uitgave 4/2024
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02335-4