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26-05-2023

Association Between Early Developmental Milestones and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Auteurs: Einav Alhozyel, Leena Elbedour, Rewaa Balaum, Gal Meiri, Analya Michaelovski, Ilan Dinstein, Nadav Davidovitch, Orly Kerub, Idan Menashe

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Abstract

Early diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been shown to lead to better prognosis. Here, we examined the association of commonly measured early developmental milestones (DMs) with later diagnosis of ASD. We conducted a case-control study of 280 children with ASD (cases) and 560 typically developed children (controls) matched to cases by date of birth, sex, and ethnicity in a control/case ratio of 2:1. Both cases and controls were ascertained from all children whose development was monitored at mother-child health clinics (MCHCs) in southern Israel. DM failure rates during the first 18 months of life in three developmental categories (motor, social, and verbal) were compared between cases and controls. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association of specific DMs with the risk of ASD, while adjusting for demographic and birth characteristics.

Significant case-control differences in DM failure rates were observed as early as 3 months of age (p < 0.001), and these differences increased with age. Specifically, cases were 2.4 times more likely to fail ≥ 1 DM at 3 months (aOR = 2.39; 95%CI = 1.41–4.06), and 15.3 times more likely to fail ≥ 3 DMs at 18 months (aOR = 15.32; 95%CI = 7.75–30.28). The most notable DM-ASD association was observed for social DM failure at 9–12 months (aOR = 4.59; 95%CI = 2.59–8.13). Importantly, the sex or ethnicity of the participants did not affect these DM-ASD associations. Our findings highlight the potential role of DMs as early signs of ASD that could facilitate earlier referral and diagnosis of ASD.

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Titel: Association Between Early Developmental Milestones and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Auteurs: Einav Alhozyel
Leena Elbedour
Rewaa Balaum
Gal Meiri
Analya Michaelovski
Ilan Dinstein
Nadav Davidovitch
Orly Kerub
Idan Menashe
Publicatiedatum: 26-05-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01085-6

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