Top

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in:

01-07-2009 | Empirical Research

Adolescents’ Mental Health Outcomes According to Different Types of Exposure to Ongoing Terror Attacks

Auteurs: Orna Braun-Lewensohn, Smadar Celestin-Westreich, Leon-Patrice Celestin, Dominique Verté, Ingrid Ponjaert-Kristoffersen

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 6/2009

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of several types of exposure to terror attacks on adolescents’ psychological outcomes in the context of ongoing terror. A total of 913 adolescents (51% girls) aged 12 to 18 years (12–13.6 = 33%; 13.7–15.6 = 38%; 15.7–18 = 28%) took part in the study. Detailed data were collected concerning objective, subjective and “mixed” types of exposure to terror, as well as demographics, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), emotional and behavioral problems and overall psychological and psychiatric difficulties. Subjective exposure was found to be the most important contributor to adolescents’ post-traumatic stress and other mental health problems in this context. Gender also had important effects. The effects of objective and mixed types of exposure, as well as age, were less prominent. We did find, however, that the more adolescents consulted media, the less they experienced behavioral and emotional problems. Given that subjective experiences appear to be the best factor in explaining mental health outcomes when adolescents are confronted with persistent terror, the cognitive and emotional dynamics along with the coping behavior linked to such experiences merit further investigation.

vorige artikel Anxiety Trajectories and Identity Development in Adolescence: A Five-wave Longitudinal Study

Aber, J. L., Gershoff, E. T., Ware, A., & Kotler, J. A. (2004). Estimating the effects of September 11th and other forms of violence on the mental health and social development of New York City’s youth: A matter of context. Applied Developmental Science, 8(3), 111–129. doi: 10.1207/s1532480xads0803_2. CrossRef

Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth & Families.

Butler, L. D. (2007). Growing pains: Commentary on the field of posttraumatic growth and Hobfoll and colleagues’ recent contributions to it. Applied Psychology, 56(3), 367–378. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00293.x. CrossRef

Celestin, L. P., & Celestin-Westreich, S. (2008). How to FACE ^© polydrug use: Pathways toward an integrative structured care model to facilitate adjustment of cognitions and emotions. European Psychiatry, 23(2), S244–S245. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.468. CrossRef

Celestin-Westreich, S., & Celestin, L. P. (2008a). Observeren en Rapporteren [Observing and reporting]. Amsterdam: Pearson Education Benelux.

Celestin-Westreich, S., & Celestin, L. P. (2008b). Processus d’ajustements cognitivo-émotionnels familiaux face au TDAH. Annales Medico-Psychologiques, 166(5), 343–349. Families’ cognitive-emotional adjustment processes when facing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). doi: 10.1016/j.amp.2005.06.008.

Celestin-Westreich, S., & Celestin, L. P. (2008, in press). Kind, Jeugd-en Gezinsdiagnostiek in FACE ^© -perspectief [Child, youth and family assessment in FACE ^©-perspective]. Leuven: ACCO.

Celestin-Westreich, S., Petillo, M., van den Broeck, W., & Celestin, L. P. (2007). How to FACE ^© developmental trauma and loss: Coping and mental health outcomes among refugee adolescents in a Belgian Federal Refugee Centre. Abstract Book of the Belgian Cognitive Psychopathology Meeting, Leuven, Belgium.

Derogatis, L. R. (1993). Brief symptom inventory administration, scoring and procedure manual. NCS Pearson, Inc: Minneapolis.

Fremont, W. P., Pataki, C., & Beresin, E. V. (2005). The impact of terrorism on children and adolescents: Terror in the skies, terror on television. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 14(3), 429–451. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2005.02.001. PubMedCrossRef

Gil, S. (2005). Coping style in predicting posttraumatic stress among Israeli students. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 18(4), 351–359. doi: 10.1080/10615800500392732. CrossRef

Hoven, C. W., Duarte, C. S., Lucas, C. P., Mandel, D. J., Wu, P., & Rosen, C. (2002). Effects of the World Trade Center attack on NYC Public School students: Initial Report of the New York Board of Education. New York: Applied Research and Consulting, LLC & Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health & New York State Psychiatric Institute.

Hoven, C. W., Duarte, C. S., Ping, W., Erickson, E. A., Musa, G. J., & Mandell, D. J. (2004). Exposure to trauma and separation anxiety in children after the WTC attack. Applied Developmental Science, 8(4), 172–183. doi: 10.1207/s1532480xads0804_1. CrossRef

Joshi, P. T., & O’Donnell, D. A. (2003). Consequences of child exposure to war and terrorism. Clinical Child and Family Psychiatry Review, 6(4), 275–292. doi: 10.1023/B:CCFP.0000006294.88201.68. CrossRef

Koplewicz, H. S., Vogel, J. M., Solanto, M. V., Morrissey, R. F., Alonso, C. M., Abikoff, H. A., et al. (2002). Child and parent response to the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15(1), 77–85. doi: 10.1023/A:1014339513128. PubMedCrossRef

Laufer, A., & Solomon, Z. (2003). Coping of Israeli children with the events of terror. The role of values and the social support in the area of the stressful events. In M. Caspi (Ed.), Children’s anxiety as a result of the terror events (pp. 4–7). Jerusalem: Israeli Knesset, research and information center (Hebrew).

Lengua, L. J., Long, A. C., Smith, K. I., & Meltzoff, A. N. (2005). Pre-attack symptomatology and temperament as predictors of children’s responses to the September 11 terror attacks. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 46(6), 631–645. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00378.x. PubMedCrossRef

Pat Horenczyk, R. (2003). The impact of ongoing terror attacks on the adolescent population in Jerusalem and the Jerusalem area. In M. Caspi (Ed.), Children’s anxiety as a result of the terror events (pp. 8–10). Jerusalem: Israeli Knesset, Research and Information Center (Hebrew).

Pat Horenczyk, R. (2005). Post-traumatic distress in adolescents exposed to ongoing terror: Findings from school-based screening project in the Jerusalem Area. In Y. Daniely & D. Brom (Eds.), The trauma of terrorism: sharing knowledge and shared care. Haworth Press.

Pat Horenczyk, R., & Doppelt, O. (2005). Screening for post traumatic distress among adolescents who are exposed to ongoing terror in Israel. In E. Somer & A. Bleich (Eds.), Mental health in terror’s shadow: The Israeli experience (pp. 55–76). Ramot Press. Tel-Aviv University (Hebrew).

Pat-Horenczyk, R., Peled, O., Miron, T., Brom, D., Villa, Y., & Chemtob, C. M. (2007). Risk-taking behaviors among Israeli adolescents exposed to recurrent terrorism: Provoking danger under continuous threat? The American Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 66–72. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.164.1.66. PubMedCrossRef

Pfefferbaum, B., Nixon, S., Krug, R., Tivis, R., Moore, V., Brown, J., et al. (1999a). Clinical needs assessment of middle and high school students following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 1069–1074. PubMed

Pfefferbaum, B., Nixon, S., Tucker, P., Tivis, R., Moore, V., Gurwitch, R. H., et al. (1999b). Posttraumatic stress responses in bereaved children after the Oklahoma City bombing. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 1372–1379. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199911000-00011. PubMedCrossRef

Pfefferbaum, B., Nixon, S. J., Tivis, R. D., Doughty, D. E., Pynoos, R. S., Gurwitch, R. H., et al. (2001). Television exposure in children after a terror incident. Psychiatry, 64(3), 202–211. PubMed

Pfefferbaum, B., Doughty, D. E., Peddy, C., Patel, N., Gurwitch, R., Nixon, S. J., et al. (2002). Exposure and peritraumatic response as predictors of posttraumatic stress in children following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. Journal of Urban Health, 79(3), 354–361. doi: 10.1093/jurban/79.3.354. PubMed

Pfefferbaum, B., North, C. S., Doughty, D. E., Gurwitch, R. H., Fullerton, C. S., & Kyula, J. (2003). Posttraumatic stress and functional impairment in Kenyan children following the 1998 American embassy bombing. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 73(2), 133–140. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.73.2.133. PubMedCrossRef

Pynoos, R. S., & Eth, S. (1985). Children traumatized by witnessing acts of personal violence: Homicide, rape or suicide behavior. In S. Eth & R. S. Pynoos (Eds.), Post-traumatic stress disorder in children. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Ronen, T., Rahav, G., & Appel, N. (2003). Adolescent stress responses to a single acute stress and to continuous external stress: Terror attacks. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 8, 261–282. doi: 10.1080/15325020305878. CrossRef

Rosenberg, A., Heimberg, R. G., Solomon, Z., & Levin, L. (2008). Investigation of exposure–symptom relationships in a context of recurrent violence. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(3), 416–428. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.05.003. PubMedCrossRef

Schiff, M. (2005). Living in the shadow of terrorism: Psychological distress and alcohol use among religious and non-religious adolescents in Jerusalem. Social Science & Medicine, 62(9), 2301–2312. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.10.016. CrossRef

Schiff, M., Zweig, H. H., Benbenishty, R., & Hasin, D. S. (2007). Exposure to terrorism and Israeli Youths’ cigarette, alcohol, and cannabis use. American Journal of Public Health, 97(10), 1852–1858. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.090514. PubMedCrossRef

Sever, I., Somer, E., Ruvio, A., & Soref, E. (2008). Gender, distress, and coping in response to terrorism. Affilia, 23(2), 156–166. doi: 10.1177/0886109908314317. CrossRef

Solomon, Z., & Lavi, T. (2005). Israeli youth in the second Intifada: PTSD and future orientation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(11), 1167–1175. doi: 10.1097/01.chi.0000161650.97643.e1. PubMedCrossRef

Solomon, Z., Laufer, A., & Lavi, T. (2005). In the shadow of the Intifada: Exposure and post traumatic reactions among adolescents in Israel. In E. Somer & A. Bleich, (Eds.), Mental health in terror’s shadow: The Israeli experience (pp.77–107). Ramot Press. Tel-Aviv University. (Hebrew)

Taylor, S. F., & Liberzon, I. (2007). Neural correlates of emotion regulation in psychopathology. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(10), 413–418. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.08.006. PubMedCrossRef

Tull, M. T., Barrett, H. M., McMillan, E. S., & Roemer, L. (2007). A Preliminary investigation of the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Behavior Therapy, 38(3), 303–313. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2006.10.001. PubMedCrossRef

Wooding, S., & Raphael, B. (2004). Psychological impact of disasters and terrorism on children and adolescents: Experiences from Australia. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 19(1), 10–20. PubMed

Zeidner, M. (2005). Contextual and personal predictors of adaptive outcomes under terror attack: The case of Israeli adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(5), 459–470. doi: 10.1007/s10964-005-7263-y. CrossRef

Titel: Adolescents’ Mental Health Outcomes According to Different Types of Exposure to Ongoing Terror Attacks
Auteurs: Orna Braun-Lewensohn
Smadar Celestin-Westreich
Leon-Patrice Celestin
Dominique Verté
Ingrid Ponjaert-Kristoffersen
Publicatiedatum: 01-07-2009
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 6/2009
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9305-8

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2009

Examining Temporal Associations Between School Connectedness and Early Adolescent Adjustment

Anxiety Trajectories and Identity Development in Adolescence: A Five-wave Longitudinal Study

Negative Adult Influences and the Protective Effects of Role Models: A Study with Urban Adolescents

Intraindividual Variability in Adolescents’ Perceived Relationship Satisfaction: The Role of Daily Conflict

Daily and Compulsive Internet Use and Well-Being in Adolescence: A Diathesis-Stress Model Based on Big Five Personality Traits

A Longitudinal Study of the Simultaneous Influence of Mothers’ and Teachers’ Educational Expectations on Low-income Youth’s Academic Achievement