Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2/2013

01-06-2013

The Factor Structure of the COPE Questionnaire in a Sample of Clinically Depressed and Anxious Adults

Auteurs: Jasmine Pang, Esben Strodl, Tian-Po S. Oei

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 2/2013

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

The Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced is a multidimensional scale designed to assess how people respond to stress. The COPE has been validated in a variety of populations displaying variations in factor structure. However, in terms of mental health populations, it has only been validated in alcohol-dependent samples. This paper investigated the factor structure of the COPE in a sample of adults diagnosed with depression and anxiety. Two hundred and seventy-one patients attending cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety and depression completed the COPE. Confirmatory factor analysis found a poor fit for both lower order and higher order factors based upon the Lyne and Roger (2000) study. Exploratory factor analyses identified six primary subscales (Active Planning, Social Support, Denial, Acceptance, Disengagement, Restraint) which explained approximately 60% of the variance in coping. These 6 subscales may assist researchers and clinicians to validly measure coping in anxious and depressed adults.
Literatuur
go back to reference Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 217–237.PubMedCrossRef Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 217–237.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4 text revisionth ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Press. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4 text revisionth ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Press.
go back to reference Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1991). Relationship between the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale with anxious outpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 5, 213–223.CrossRef Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1991). Relationship between the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale with anxious outpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 5, 213–223.CrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.PubMedCrossRef Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Belding, M. A., Iguchi, M. Y., Lamb, R. J., Lankin, M., & Terry, R. (1996). Coping strategies and continued drug use among methadone maintenance patients. Addictive Behaviors, 21, 389–401.PubMedCrossRef Belding, M. A., Iguchi, M. Y., Lamb, R. J., Lankin, M., & Terry, R. (1996). Coping strategies and continued drug use among methadone maintenance patients. Addictive Behaviors, 21, 389–401.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Borden, J. W., Peterson, D. R., & Jackson, E. A. (1991). The Beck Anxiety Inventory in nonclinical samples: Initial psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 13, 345–356.CrossRef Borden, J. W., Peterson, D. R., & Jackson, E. A. (1991). The Beck Anxiety Inventory in nonclinical samples: Initial psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 13, 345–356.CrossRef
go back to reference Briggs, S. R., & Cheek, J. M. (1986). The role of factor analysis in the development and evaluation of personality scales. Journal of Personality, 54, 106–148.CrossRef Briggs, S. R., & Cheek, J. M. (1986). The role of factor analysis in the development and evaluation of personality scales. Journal of Personality, 54, 106–148.CrossRef
go back to reference Campbell-Sills, L., & Barlow, D. H. (2007). Incorporating emotion regulation into conceptualizations and treatments of anxiety and mood disorders. Handbook of emotion regulation., (pp. 542–559). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press. Campbell-Sills, L., & Barlow, D. H. (2007). Incorporating emotion regulation into conceptualizations and treatments of anxiety and mood disorders. Handbook of emotion regulation., (pp. 542–559). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 267–283.PubMedCrossRef Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 267–283.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Clark, K. K., Bormann, C. A., Cropanzano, R. S., & James, K. (1995). Validation evidence for three coping measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65(3), 434–455.PubMedCrossRef Clark, K. K., Bormann, C. A., Cropanzano, R. S., & James, K. (1995). Validation evidence for three coping measures. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65(3), 434–455.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cooper, C., Katona, C., Orrell, M., & Livingston, G. (2008). Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 23(9), 929–936. Cooper, C., Katona, C., Orrell, M., & Livingston, G. (2008). Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 23(9), 929–936.
go back to reference Diamond, L. M., & Aspinwall, L. G. (2003). Emotion regulation across the life span: An integrative perspective emphasizing self-regulation, positive affect, and dyadic processes. Motivation and Emotion, 27(2), 125–156. Diamond, L. M., & Aspinwall, L. G. (2003). Emotion regulation across the life span: An integrative perspective emphasizing self-regulation, positive affect, and dyadic processes. Motivation and Emotion, 27(2), 125–156.
go back to reference Dugan, W., McDonald, M. V., Passik, S. D., Rosenfeld, B. D., Theobald, D., & Edgerton, S. (1998). Use of the Zung self-rating depression scale in cancer patients: Feasibility as a screening tool. Psycho-Oncology, 7, 483–493.PubMedCrossRef Dugan, W., McDonald, M. V., Passik, S. D., Rosenfeld, B. D., Theobald, D., & Edgerton, S. (1998). Use of the Zung self-rating depression scale in cancer patients: Feasibility as a screening tool. Psycho-Oncology, 7, 483–493.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., & Sulik, M. (2009). How the study of regulation can inform the study of coping. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2009(124), 75–86.PubMedCrossRef Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., & Sulik, M. (2009). How the study of regulation can inform the study of coping. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2009(124), 75–86.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Eisengart, S. P., Singer, L. T., Kirchner, H. L., Oh Min, M., Fulton, S., & Short, E. J. (2006). Factor structure of coping: Two studies of mothers with high levels of life stress. Psychological Assessment, 18, 278–288.PubMedCrossRef Eisengart, S. P., Singer, L. T., Kirchner, H. L., Oh Min, M., Fulton, S., & Short, E. J. (2006). Factor structure of coping: Two studies of mothers with high levels of life stress. Psychological Assessment, 18, 278–288.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Endler, N. S., & Parker, D. A. (1990). Multidimensional assessment of coping: a critical evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 844–854.PubMedCrossRef Endler, N. S., & Parker, D. A. (1990). Multidimensional assessment of coping: a critical evaluation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 844–854.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. (1988). Ways of coping questionnaire manual. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. (1988). Ways of coping questionnaire manual. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press.
go back to reference Fydrich, T., Dowdall, D., & Chambless, D. L. (1992). Reliability and validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 6, 55–61.CrossRef Fydrich, T., Dowdall, D., & Chambless, D. L. (1992). Reliability and validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 6, 55–61.CrossRef
go back to reference Hasking, P. A., & Oei, T. P. S. (2002). The confirmatory factor analysis of the COPE questionnaire on community drinkers and an alcohol dependent sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63, 631–640.PubMed Hasking, P. A., & Oei, T. P. S. (2002). The confirmatory factor analysis of the COPE questionnaire on community drinkers and an alcohol dependent sample. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63, 631–640.PubMed
go back to reference Hewitt, P. L., & Norton, G. R. (1993). The Beck Anxiety Inventory: A psychometric analysis. Psychological Assessment, 5, 408–412.CrossRef Hewitt, P. L., & Norton, G. R. (1993). The Beck Anxiety Inventory: A psychometric analysis. Psychological Assessment, 5, 408–412.CrossRef
go back to reference Horn, J. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 30, 179–185.PubMedCrossRef Horn, J. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 30, 179–185.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 76–99). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 76–99). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
go back to reference Hubbard, R., & Allen, S. J. (1987). An empirical comparison of alternative methods for principal component extraction. Journal of Business Research, 15, 173–190.CrossRef Hubbard, R., & Allen, S. J. (1987). An empirical comparison of alternative methods for principal component extraction. Journal of Business Research, 15, 173–190.CrossRef
go back to reference Ingledew, D. K., Hardy, L., Cooper, C., & Jemal, H. (1996). Health behaviours reported as coping strategies: A factor analytical study. British Journal of Health Psychology, 1, 263–281.CrossRef Ingledew, D. K., Hardy, L., Cooper, C., & Jemal, H. (1996). Health behaviours reported as coping strategies: A factor analytical study. British Journal of Health Psychology, 1, 263–281.CrossRef
go back to reference Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago: Scientific Software International. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago: Scientific Software International.
go back to reference Kelly, M. M., Tyrka, A. R., Price, L. H., & Carpenter, L. L. (2008). Sex differences in the use of coping strategies: predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 839–846. doi:10.1002/da.20341.PubMedCrossRef Kelly, M. M., Tyrka, A. R., Price, L. H., & Carpenter, L. L. (2008). Sex differences in the use of coping strategies: predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 839–846. doi:10.​1002/​da.​20341.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kimemia, M., Asner-Self, K. K., & Daire, A. P. (2011). An exploratory factor analysis of the brief COPE with a sample of Kenyan caregivers. International Journal of Advanced Counselling, 33, 149–160. doi:10.1007/s10447-011-9122-8.CrossRef Kimemia, M., Asner-Self, K. K., & Daire, A. P. (2011). An exploratory factor analysis of the brief COPE with a sample of Kenyan caregivers. International Journal of Advanced Counselling, 33, 149–160. doi:10.​1007/​s10447-011-9122-8.CrossRef
go back to reference Lamers, F., van Oppen, P., Comijs, H. C., Smit, J. H., Spinhoven, P., van Balkom, A. J., & Penninx, B. W. (2011). Comorbidity patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders in a large cohort study: the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 72(3), 341–348. Lamers, F., van Oppen, P., Comijs, H. C., Smit, J. H., Spinhoven, P., van Balkom, A. J., & Penninx, B. W. (2011). Comorbidity patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders in a large cohort study: the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 72(3), 341–348.
go back to reference Litman, J.A. (2006). The COPE inventory: Dimensionality and relationships with approach- and avoidance-motives and positive and negative traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(2), 273–284 doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.11.032. Litman, J.A. (2006). The COPE inventory: Dimensionality and relationships with approach- and avoidance-motives and positive and negative traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(2), 273–284 doi:10.​1016/​j.​paid.​2005.​11.​032.
go back to reference Lyne, K., & Roger, D. (2000). A psychometric re-assessment of the COPE questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 321–335.CrossRef Lyne, K., & Roger, D. (2000). A psychometric re-assessment of the COPE questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 321–335.CrossRef
go back to reference Man, V. Y., Dougan, C. M., & Rector, N. A. (2012). Examination of Coping in the Anxiety Disorders With and Without Comorbid Depression. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5(2), 186–196. Man, V. Y., Dougan, C. M., & Rector, N. A. (2012). Examination of Coping in the Anxiety Disorders With and Without Comorbid Depression. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 5(2), 186–196.
go back to reference Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components of emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38(3), 284–302. Mennin, D. S., Holaway, R. M., Fresco, D. M., Moore, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). Delineating components of emotion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology. Behavior Therapy, 38(3), 284–302.
go back to reference Oei, T. P. S., & Boschen, M. (2009). Clinical effectiveness of a group cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety disorders: A benchmark study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 950–957.PubMedCrossRef Oei, T. P. S., & Boschen, M. (2009). Clinical effectiveness of a group cognitive behaviour therapy for anxiety disorders: A benchmark study. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 950–957.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Oei, T. P. S., & Browne, A. (2006). Components of group processes: Have they contributed to the outcome of mood and anxiety disorder patients in a group cognitive behaviour therapy program? American Journal of Psychotherapy, 60, 53–70.PubMed Oei, T. P. S., & Browne, A. (2006). Components of group processes: Have they contributed to the outcome of mood and anxiety disorder patients in a group cognitive behaviour therapy program? American Journal of Psychotherapy, 60, 53–70.PubMed
go back to reference Oei, T. P. S., & Dingle, G. (2002). Anxiety disorders: Brief intensive group cognitive behavior therapy. Encyclopedia of Psychotherapy, 1, 57–60.CrossRef Oei, T. P. S., & Dingle, G. (2002). Anxiety disorders: Brief intensive group cognitive behavior therapy. Encyclopedia of Psychotherapy, 1, 57–60.CrossRef
go back to reference Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival manual. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin. Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival manual. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin.
go back to reference Pfeiffer, P. N., Heisler, M., Piette, J. D., Rogers, M. A. M., & Valenstein, M. (2011). Efficacy of peer support interventions for depression: A meta-analysis. General Hospital Psychiatry, 33, 29–36 (2011).PubMedCrossRef Pfeiffer, P. N., Heisler, M., Piette, J. D., Rogers, M. A. M., & Valenstein, M. (2011). Efficacy of peer support interventions for depression: A meta-analysis. General Hospital Psychiatry, 33, 29–36 (2011).PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Roger, D., Jarvis, G., & Najarian, B. (1993). Detachment and coping: the construction and validation of a new scale for measuring coping strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 619–626.CrossRef Roger, D., Jarvis, G., & Najarian, B. (1993). Detachment and coping: the construction and validation of a new scale for measuring coping strategies. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 619–626.CrossRef
go back to reference Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1988). A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp, Vol. 21, pp. 303–346). New York: Academic. Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1988). A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp, Vol. 21, pp. 303–346). New York: Academic.
go back to reference Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003). Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 216–269.PubMedCrossRef Skinner, E. A., Edge, K., Altman, J., & Sherwood, H. (2003). Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 216–269.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). NY: Harper Collins. Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). NY: Harper Collins.
go back to reference Zung, W. W., Richards, C. B., & Short, M. J. (1965). Self-Rating depression scale in an outpatient clinic: Further validation of the SDS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 508–515.PubMedCrossRef Zung, W. W., Richards, C. B., & Short, M. J. (1965). Self-Rating depression scale in an outpatient clinic: Further validation of the SDS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 13, 508–515.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Zwick, W. R., & Velicer, W. F. (1986). Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 432–442.CrossRef Zwick, W. R., & Velicer, W. F. (1986). Comparison of five rules for determining the number of components to retain. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 432–442.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
The Factor Structure of the COPE Questionnaire in a Sample of Clinically Depressed and Anxious Adults
Auteurs
Jasmine Pang
Esben Strodl
Tian-Po S. Oei
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2013
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-012-9328-z

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2013

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2/2013 Naar de uitgave