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2014 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

Taalstoornissen bij dementie

maart 2002

Auteurs : Dr. H.F.M Peters, Prof.dr. R. Bastiaanse, Prof.dr. J. Van Borsel, Prof.dr. P.H.O. Dejonckere, Dr. K. Jansonius-Schultheiss, Drs. Sj. Van der Meulen, B.J.E. Mondelaers

Gepubliceerd in: Verworven taalstoornissen

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Door een toegenomen levensverwachting en de geboortegolf na de Tweede Wereldoorlog worden steeds meermensen steeds ouder. Deze ‘dubbele vergrijzing’ heeft tot gevolg dat ook het aantal patiënten met dementie steeds groter wordt. Volgens een ruwe schatting zijn er in Nederland momenteel zo’n 180.000 mensen met dementie, en over vijftig jaar zal het aantal dementerenden waarschijnlijk tot ruim 400.000 zijn toegenomen (Internationale Stichting Alzheimer-Onderzoek, z.j.).
Voetnoten
1
In de literatuur worden meer dan 60 aandoeningen beschreven die dementie tot gevolg kunnen hebben (Haasse, 1977); voor een overzicht van de belangrijkste oorzaken en vormen van dementie, zie Derix e.a. (1994) en Hijdra e.a. (1994).
 
2
Meer gedetailleerde Nederlandse gegevens over de epidemiologie van de ziekte van Alzheimer en vasculaire dementie (gebaseerd op een recent bevolkingsonderzoek in Rotterdam) zijn te vinden in Ott e.a. (1995).
 
3
De term ‘ziekte van Alzheimer’ (ZvA) heeft betrekking op een combinatie van een klinisch syndroom (een geleidelijke progressieve corticale dementie) met bepaalde neuropathologische afwijkingen (‘seniele plaques’ en ‘neurofibrillaire tangles’). De diagnose ZvA kan alleen post mortem met zekerheid worden vastgesteld op basis van
neuropathologisch onderzoek van de hersenen (Van Gool & Eikelenboom, 1994). Bij een diagnose tijdens het leven spreekt men daarom vaak van (mogelijkeof waarschijnlijke) dementie van het Alzheimer-type (DAT).
 
4
Men heeft het vermogen om woorden met een onregelmatige spelling hardop te lezen zelfs gebruikt om de premorbide woordenschat van Alzheimerpatiënten vast te stellen en op basis daarvan een schatting te geven van het vroegere intellectuele vermogen (Nelson & O’Connell, 1978).
 
5
Bij een (her)analyse van 64 gevallen van ppaclassificeerden Mesulam en Weintraub (1992) 28 patiënten als ‘niet-vloeiend’ (pa) en 31 als ‘vloeiend’ (sd), terwijl de overige vijf patiënten een gemengd beeld vertoonden. Zoals in de tekst werd vermeld, vertoonde één van de zes patiënten in de oorspronkelijke studie van Mesulam (1982) ‘woordddoofheid’. Een en ander suggereert dat de meeste, maar niet alle patiënten met ppain één van de twee
subgroepen (paen sd) kunnen worden ingedeeld.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Taalstoornissen bij dementie
Auteurs
Dr. H.F.M Peters
Prof.dr. R. Bastiaanse
Prof.dr. J. Van Borsel
Prof.dr. P.H.O. Dejonckere
Dr. K. Jansonius-Schultheiss
Drs. Sj. Van der Meulen
B.J.E. Mondelaers
Copyright
2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0804-0_13