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Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis 6/2016

15-11-2016 | Artikel

Risicovol beslisgedrag bij ADHD: een metaregressieanalyse

Auteurs: Tycho J. Dekkers, Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem, Arne Popma, Anika Bexkens, Hilde M. Huizenga

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 6/2016

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Samenvatting

ADHD (aandachtsdeficiëntie-/hyperactiviteitsstoornis) wordt gekenmerkt door een verhoogde kans op een breed scala aan risicovolle gedragingen in het dagelijks leven, zoals verkeersongevallen, middelengebruik, criminele activiteiten, gokproblemen en seksueel risicovol gedrag. In experimentele studies wordt risicogedrag gemeten met goktaken. De huidige studie betreft een meta-analyse over studies waarin een groep mensen met ADHD vergeleken werd met een groep zonder ADHD op een dergelijke goktaak. Er werd een klein tot gemiddeld significant effect gevonden (standardized mean difference = 0,36; p < 0,001), wat betekent dat groepen met ADHD risicovoller presteren op goktaken dan groepen zonder ADHD. Dit effect lijkt gemodereerd te worden door comorbide gedragsproblematiek: naarmate er meer comorbide gedragsproblemen aanwezig waren in de ADHD-groepen was het verschil in risicogedrag met de controlegroep groter. Er bleek geen modererend effect van leeftijd, comorbide internaliserende problematiek, medicatie en de karakteristieken van de goktaak. Al met al is gebleken dat personen met ADHD op goktaken meer risicogedrag vertonen dan hun leeftijdgenoten zonder ADHD, wat overeenkomt met studies naar risicogedrag in het dagelijks leven. Goktaken lijken zodoende waardevol bij verder onderzoek naar de onderliggende dynamiek van risicogedrag bij ADHD. Ook kan geconcludeerd worden dat risicogedrag bij ADHD de nodige aandacht verdient onder clinici die werken met deze doelgroep.
Voetnoten
1
Een van deze studies had een klinische groep waarin niet iedere proefpersoon ook daadwerkelijk met ADHD gediagnosticeerd was [10], één studie maakte geen gebruik van gestructureerde DSM-diagnostiek [11] en bij een derde studie was in onze ogen de uitkomstmaat niet goed te interpreteren, aangezien proefpersonen misleid werden [12].
 
2
Voor een uitgebreidere beschrijving van de analyses, zie: Dekkers TJ, Popma A, Agelink van Rentergem JA, Bexkens A, Huizenga HM Risky decision making in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-regression analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016;45:1–16.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Risicovol beslisgedrag bij ADHD: een metaregressieanalyse
Auteurs
Tycho J. Dekkers
Joost A. Agelink van Rentergem
Arne Popma
Anika Bexkens
Hilde M. Huizenga
Publicatiedatum
15-11-2016
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 6/2016
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12474-016-0141-4

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