Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
Psychopathy in Iran
The Current Study
Method
Study 1: Developing the Persian CAPP-SR
Participants and Procedures
Measures
Results and Discussion
Study 2: Validating the Persian CAPP-SR
Participants
Measures
Results
LSRP | CAPP-LRS | ICU | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Persian CAPP-SR | Mean (SD) | ω | Total | Egocentricity | Callous | Antisocial | Total | Callousness | Uncaring | Unemotional | ||
Total | 2.11 (0.27) | 0.91 | 0.79 | 0.59 | 0.40 | 0.64 | 0.54 | 0.50 | 0.57 | 0.22 | 0.17 | |
Attachment | 1.72 (0.39) | 0.73 | 0.56 | 0.30 |
0.50
| 0.35 | 0.50 | 0.65 |
0.60
|
0.44
|
0.30
| |
A1. Detached | 1.88 (0.57) | 0.59 | 0.33 | 0.15 |
0.29
| 0.29 | 0.49 | 0.38 |
0.32
|
0.21
|
0.28
| |
A2. Uncommitted | 1.58 (0.59) | 0.57 | 0.53 | 0.40 |
0.40
| 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.52 |
0.53
|
0.31
|
0.19
| |
A3. Unemphatic | 1.69 (0.51) | 0.38 | 0.35 | 0.17 |
0.42
| 0.14 | 0.37 | 0.53 |
0.50
|
0.33
|
0.25
| |
A4. Uncaring | 1.72 (0.50) | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.15 |
0.35
| 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.46 |
0.38
|
0.43
|
0.13
| |
Behavioral | 2.12 (0.33) | 0.73 | 0.64 | 0.41 | 0.30 |
0.63
| 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.07 | |
B1. Lacks perseverance | 2.10 (0.57) | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.16 |
0.51
| 0.37 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.07 | |
B2. Unreliable | 2.35 (0.46) | 0.41 | 0.02 | − 0.03 | − 0.10 |
0.08
| 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.06 | − 0.01 | − 0.04 | |
B3. Reckless | 2.20 (0.55) | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.31 | 0.15 |
0.39
| 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.03 | − 0.03 | |
B4. Restless | 2.30 (0.66) | 0.60 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.12 |
0.37
| 0.49 | 0.08 | 0.19 | − 0.05 | − 0.04 | |
B5. Disruptive | 1.97 (0.58) | 0.43 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.31 |
0.45
| 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.15 | |
B6. Aggressive | 1.80 (0.62) | 0.59 | 0.49 | 0.40 |
0.35
|
0.31
| 0.39 | 0.39 |
0.42
|
0.19
|
0.13
| |
Cognitive | 2.11 (0.36) | 0.73 | 0.70 |
0.46
| 0.35 | 0.66 | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.26 | 0.18 | |
C1. Suspicious | 2.24 (0.53) | 0.55 | 0.48 |
0.38
| 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.17 | |
C2. Lacks concentration | 2.27 (0.60) | 0.55 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 0.13 |
0.50
| 0.49 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.03 | |
C3. Intolerant | 1.77 (0.59) | 0.57 | 0.58 |
0.45
|
0.36
| 0.43 | 0.14 | 0.34 |
0.39
| 0.16 | 0.09 | |
C4. Inflexible | 2.12 (0.62) | 0.57 | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.18 |
0.48
| 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.19 | |
C5. Lacks planfulness | 2.14 (0.55) | 0.61 | 0.22 | − 0.05 | 0.18 |
0.29
| 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.30 | 0.08 | |
Dominance | 2.10 (0.36) | 0.72 | 0.62 |
0.58
| 0.30 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.08 | 0.03 | |
D1. Antagonistic | 1.95 (0.60) | 0.60 | 0.52 |
0.38
| 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 0.18 | 0.03 | |
D2. Domineering | 2.48 (0.60) | 0.56 | 0.27 |
0.39
| − 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.38 | − 0.00 | 0.11 | − 0.08 | − 0.11 | |
D3. Deceitful | 1.70 (0.56) | 0.48 | 0.40 |
0.22
| 0.39 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.21 | |
D4. Manipulative | 2.04 (0.62) | 0.56 | 0.39 |
0.40
| 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.09 | 0.11 | |
D5. Insincere | 2.38 (0.59) | 0.37 | 0.23 |
0.32
| 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.22 | − 0.03 | 0.06 | − 0.16 | − 0.03 | |
D6. Garrulous | 2.07 (0.64) | 0.54 | 0.39 |
0.35
| 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.24 | − 0.06 | − 0.05 | |
Emotional | 2.10 (0.30) | 0.57 | 0.62 | 0.41 |
0.43
| 0.46 | 0.36 | 0.54 |
0.50
|
0.30
|
0.34
| |
E1. Lacks anxiety | 2.64 (0.60) | 0.49 | 0.07 | 0.23 |
0.00
| − 0.13 | 0.30 | 0.03 |
0.16
|
− 0.11
|
− 0.07
| |
E2. Lacks pleasure | 2.08 (0.62) | 0.65 | 0.14 | − 0.07 |
0.15
| 0.28 | 0.37 | 0.19 |
0.02
|
0.22
|
0.25
| |
E3. Lacks emotional depth | 2.03 (0.60) | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.29 |
0.24
| 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.45 |
0.32
|
0.22
|
0.49
| |
E4. Lacks emotional stability | 2.19 (0.62) | 0.67 | 0.50 | 0.31 | 0.22 |
0.56
| 0.33 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.11 | 0.08 | |
E5. Lacks remorse | 1.57 (0.58) | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.27 |
0.47
| 0.10 | 0.31 | 0.49 |
0.53
|
0.31
| 0.09 | |
Self | 2.35 (0.36) | 0.76 | 0.56 |
0.54
| 0.12 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.36 | − 0.06 | − 0.00 | |
S1. Self-centered | 2.17 (0.58) | 0.48 | 0.50 |
0.44
| 0.21 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.29 | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.08 | |
S2. Self-aggrandizing | 2.55 (0.66) | 0.60 | 0.18 |
0.27
| − 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.30 | − 0.05 | 0.08 | − 0.20 | − 0.08 | |
S3. Sense of uniqueness | 2.39 (0.62) | 0.59 | 0.36 |
0.39
| 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 0.24 | − 0.04 | − 0.03 | |
S4. Sense of entitlement | 2.69 (0.61) | 0.55 | 0.30 |
0.40
| − 0.04 | 0.28 | 0.26 | − 0.04 | 0.12 |
− 0.28
| − 0.03 | |
S5. Sense of invulnerability | 2.62 (0.54) | 0.50 | 0.13 |
0.31
| − 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.23 | − 0.08 | 0.08 | − 0.21 | − 0.13 | |
S6. Self-justifying | 1.87 (0.60) | 0.60 | 0.48 | 0.30 | 0.26 |
0.47
| 0.23 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.17 | 0.03 | |
S7. Unstable self-concept | 2.16 (0.61) | 0.50 | 0.39 | 0.15 | 0.10 |
0.58
| 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.13 | |
Mean | 56.08 | 22.40 | 6.39 | 11.13 | 1.13 | 21.65 | 7.43 | 8.00 | 6.22 | |||
SD
|
7.59
|
3.89
|
2.40
|
2.50
|
0.89
|
8.85
|
5.56
|
3.62
|
2.84
|
IAPS | SDB | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Persian CAPP-SR | Total | Active | Passive |
BIS
|
SDC
|
NPI
| Total | Substance abuse | Vandalism | Educational Cheating | Aggression | |
Total | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.31 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.43 | |
Attachment | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.21 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.31 | |
A1. Detached | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.13 | − 0.02 | 0.12 | |
A2. Uncommitted | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.17 | 0.33 |
0.35
| 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.26 |
0.14
| 0.28 | |
A3. Unemphatic | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.09 | 0.21 | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.27 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.27 | |
A4. Uncaring | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.10 | 0.34 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.05 | 0.21 | |
Behavioral |
0.51
|
0.49
| 0.39 |
0.56
|
0.39
| 0.17 |
0.36
|
0.26
|
0.26
| 0.20 |
0.39
| |
B1. Lacks perseverance |
0.35
|
0.32
| 0.38 |
0.46
|
0.21
| 0.03 |
0.16
| 0.10 |
0.09
| 0.13 |
0.17
| |
B2. Unreliable |
− 0.04
|
− 0.06
| 0.02 | 0.11 | − 0.05 | − 0.03 | − 0.03 | − 0.00 | − 0.03 |
− 0.05
| − 0.02 | |
B3. Reckless |
0.28
|
0.27
| 0.24 |
0.41
|
0.27
| 0.15 |
0.25
|
0.20
|
0.19
| 0.17 |
0.22
| |
B4. Restless |
0.30
|
0.28
| 0.26 |
0.30
|
0.23
| 0.10 |
0.16
|
0.11
|
0.14
| 0.08 |
0.17
| |
B5. Disruptive |
0.36
|
0.35
| 0.22 |
0.37
|
0.31
| 0.11 |
0.35
| 0.26 |
0.28
| 0.18 |
0.37
| |
B6. Aggressive |
0.42
|
0.44
| 0.17 | 0.25 |
0.30
| 0.17 |
0.30
| 0.20 |
0.19
| 0.14 |
0.39
| |
Cognitive |
0.49
| 0.45 |
0.49
|
0.50
| 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.34 |
0.25
| 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.35 | |
C1. Suspicious | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.17 | |
C2. Lacks concentration |
0.30
| 0.25 |
0.44
|
0.40
| 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.11 | 0.12 |
0.15
|
0.17
| |
C3. Intolerant | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.29 |
0.35
| 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.08 | 0.30 | |
C4. Inflexible | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.13 |
0.24
| 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.15 |
0.23
| |
C5. Lacks planfulness |
0.27
|
0.26
| 0.21 |
0.44
|
0.15
| − 0.01 |
0.22
|
0.15
| 0.17 |
0.15
|
0.21
| |
Dominance | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.28 | 0.29 |
0.31
|
0.32
| 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.31 | |
D1. Antagonistic | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.28 | |
D2. Domineering | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
0.28
| 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.07 | |
D3. Deceitful | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.13 | 0.22 |
0.35
| 0.12 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.32 |
0.15
| 0.32 | |
D4. Manipulative | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.22 | |
D5. Insincere | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.05 | |
D6. Garrulous | 0.28 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.12 |
0.23
| 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.16 | |
Emotional | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.35 | |
E1. Lacks anxiety | 0.07 | 0.11 | − 0.12 | − 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.10 | |
E2. Lacks pleasure |
0.14
| 0.09 |
0.30
| 0.08 | 0.00 | − 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.02 | − 0.05 | 0.01 | |
E3. Lacks emotional depth | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.19 | − 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.19 | |
E4. Lacks emotional stability |
0.28
| 0.24 |
0.34
|
0.30
|
0.24
| 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.17 |
0.27
| |
E5. Lacks remorse | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.25 |
0.33
| 0.26 |
0.31
| 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.06 |
0.32
| |
Self | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.30 |
0.35
| 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.30 | |
S1. Self-centered | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.31 |
0.26
| 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.22 | |
S2. Self-aggrandizing | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.15 |
0.37
| 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.13 | |
S3. Sense of uniqueness | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.15 |
0.34
| 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.18 | |
S4. Sense of entitlement | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.11 |
0.29
| 0.06 | − 0.06 | 0.00 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
S5. Sense of invulnerability | 0.08 | 0.09 | − 0.03 | − 0.02 | 0.07 |
0.17
| 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.16 | |
S6. Self-justifying |
0.41
|
0.37
| 0.40 |
0.38
|
0.27
|
0.02
|
0.24
|
0.22
|
0.18
| 0.08 |
0.25
| |
S7. Unstable self-concept | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.44 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.16 | |
Mean | 29.18 | 17.73 | 11.08 | 61.93 | 0.54 | 4.47 | 1.59 | 1.33 | 1.30 | 2.61 | 1.77 | |
SD
|
19.82
|
17.40
|
4.95
|
9.99
|
0.69
|
3.50
|
0.66
|
0.65
|
0.73
|
1.40
|
1.05
|
CAPP-SR predictor variables | LSRP | ICU | IAPS | BIS | SDC | NPI | SDB | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ego | Callous | Anti | Callousness | Uncaring | Unemotional | Active | Passive | Aggression | ||||||||
A1. Detached | -- | -- | -- | 0.04 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
A2. Uncommitted | -- | 0.11 | -- |
0.21
| 0.09 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.10 | -- | -- | ||||
A3. Unemphatic | -- |
0.16
| -- |
0.19
| 0.10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
A4. Uncaring | -- | 0.10 | -- | 0.05 |
0.31
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
B1. Lacks perseverance | -- | -- |
0.12
| -- | -- | -- |
0.17
| -- |
0.21
| -- | -- | -- | ||||
B2. Unreliable | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
B3. Reckless | -- | -- | 0.07 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.22
| -- | -- | -- | ||||
B4. Restless | -- | -- |
0.08
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.11
| -- | -- | -- | ||||
B5. Disruptive | -- | -- | 0.02 | -- | -- | -- | 0.08 | -- |
0.11
| 0.10 | -- |
0.22
| ||||
B6. Aggressive | -- | 0.06 | − 0.02 | 0.09 | -- | -- |
0.33
| -- | -- | 0.05 | -- |
0.22
| ||||
C1. Suspicious |
0.13
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
C2. Lacks concentration | -- | -- |
0.15
| -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.34
| 0.09 | -- | -- | -- | ||||
C3. Intolerant |
0.15
| 0.12 | -- | 0.08 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.13
| -- | -- | ||||
C4. Inflexible | -- | -- |
0.19
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
C5. Lacks planfulness | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.26
| -- | -- | -- | ||||
D1. Antagonistic |
0.10
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
D2. Domineering |
0.14
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
D3. Deceitful | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.15
| -- | -- | ||||
D4. Manipulative |
0.15
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
D5. Insincere | 0.03 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
D6. Garrulous |
0.11
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
E1. Lacks anxiety | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
E2. Lacks pleasure | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.21
| -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
E3. Lacks emotional depth | -- | -- | -- | 0.06 | -- |
0.49
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
E4. Lacks emotional stability | -- | -- |
0.20
| -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.19
| − 0.03 | -- | -- | -- | ||||
E5. Lacks remorse | -- |
0.22
| -- |
0.21
| 0.10 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.12
| -- |
0.16
| ||||
S1. Self-centered | 0.07 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
S2. Self-aggrandizing | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.25
| -- | ||||
S3. Sense of uniqueness | − 0.05 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
0.20
| -- | ||||
S4. Sense of entitlement |
0.13
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
S5. Sense of invulnerability |
0.15
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
S6. Self-justifying | -- | -- | 0.06 | -- | -- | -- |
0.16
| -- | 0.05 | -- | -- | -- | ||||
S7. Unstable self-concept | -- | -- |
0.29
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
F
|
22.21
|
24.02
|
47.68
|
31.62
|
23.14
|
100.62
|
32.20
|
40.51
|
29.29
|
14.78
|
30.96
|
29.52
| ||||
R
2
|
0.45
|
0.32
|
0.61
|
0.45
|
0.23
|
0.24
|
0.29
|
0.28
|
0.43
|
0.22
|
0.16
|
0.22
|
Psychopathy measure | Step 1: CAPP-LRS; Step 2: CAPP-SR | Step 1: CAPP-SR; Step 2: CAPP-LRS | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R
2
|
F
|
∆R
2
|
∆F
|
R
2
|
F
|
∆R
2
|
∆F
| ||
LSRP | 0.28 | 2.34** | 0.44 | 7.87** | 0.66 | 11.85** | 0.05 | 1.03 | |
Egocentricity | 0.23 | 1.83* | 0.39 | 5.30** | 0.55 | 7.28** | 0.08 | 1.08 | |
Callous | 0.24 | 1.89* | 0.30 | 3.23** | 0.47 | 5.30** | 0.07 | 0.75 | |
Antisocial | 0.32 | 2.80** | 0.38 | 6.47** | 0.64 | 10.56** | 0.06 | 1.11 | |
ICU | 0.41 | 4.17** | 0.27 | 4.42** | 0.59 | 8.82** | 0.09 | 1.48† | |
Callousness | 0.39 | 3.79** | 0.27 | 3.90** | 0.53 | 6.67** | 0.13 | 1.88* | |
Uncaring | 0.27 | 2.19** | 0.34 | 4.37** | 0.52 | 6.43** | 0.09 | 1.18 | |
Unemotional | 0.36 | 3.32** | 0.25 | 3.17** | 0.47 | 5.37** | 0.13 | 1.70* |