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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

18-02-2022

Prospectively Predicting Adult Depressive Symptoms from Adolescent Peer Dysfunction: a Sibling Comparison Study

Auteurs: Carter J. Funkhouser, Sameer A. Ashaie, Marc J. Gameroff, Ardesheer Talati, Jonathan Posner, Myrna M. Weissman, Stewart A. Shankman

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 8/2022

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that peer dysfunction in adolescence predicts depression in adulthood, even when controlling for certain individual- and/or family-level characteristics. However, these studies have not controlled for numerous potential familial confounders, precluding causal inferences. The present study therefore used a sibling comparison design (i.e., comparing siblings within families) to test whether peer dysfunction (e.g., lack of friendships, victimization) in adolescence continues to predict depression in adulthood after accounting for unmeasured familial confounds and individual characteristics in adolescence. Participants’ (N = 85) dysfunction with peers was assessed in adolescence (M_age = 13.21, SD = 3.47) by self- and parent-report, and adult depressive symptoms were assessed up to five times, up to 38 years later. Multilevel modeling was used to examine the effect of adolescent peer dysfunction on adult depressive symptoms after adjusting for familial confounds and/or individual characteristics in adolescence (e.g., baseline depressive symptoms, dysfunctional relations with siblings/parents). Both self-reported (b = 1.28, p < 0.001) and parent-reported (b = 0.56, p = 0.032) adolescent peer dysfunction were associated with greater depressive symptom severity in adulthood in unadjusted models. Self-reported (but not parent-reported) adolescent peer dysfunction continued to predict adult depressive symptoms after controlling for familial confounding and measured covariates such as adolescent depressive symptoms and relations with siblings and parents (b = 1.06, p = 0.035). Although confidence intervals were wide and the potentially confounding effects of numerous individual-level factors were not ruled out, these findings provide preliminary evidence that perceived peer dysfunction in adolescence may be an unconfounded risk factor for depressive symptoms in adulthood.

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Three G2 participants who first participated at wave 2 were included to maximize power, and their wave 2 data was used as baseline.

One item (“wants to be with girls/boys [opposite sex]”) was excluded from the peer functioning subscale due to a negative correlation (rs = -.01 and -.08) with the subscale score.

One parent relations item (“damages home or family property”) was excluded because 97% of adolescents and 99% of parents scored this item as ‘not a problem.’.

Family-level means of adolescent peer dysfunction were calculated using all individuals with adolescent peer dysfunction data (even if they had no adult depression data) to maximize the reliability of these estimates, and were based on 2.64 (SD = 0.59) and 2.60 (SD = 0.61) adolescents per family for parent- and self-reported adolescent peer dysfunction, respectively.

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Titel: Prospectively Predicting Adult Depressive Symptoms from Adolescent Peer Dysfunction: a Sibling Comparison Study
Auteurs: Carter J. Funkhouser
Sameer A. Ashaie
Marc J. Gameroff
Ardesheer Talati
Jonathan Posner
Myrna M. Weissman
Stewart A. Shankman
Publicatiedatum: 18-02-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 8/2022
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00906-4

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