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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

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07-03-2022

Measuring Adolescents’ Self-injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: Comparing Ecological Momentary Assessment to a Traditional Interview

Auteurs: Erika C. Esposito, Annie M. Duan, Jaclyn C. Kearns, Evan M. Kleiman, Yeates Conwell, Catherine R. Glenn

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 8/2022

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare adolescents’ reports of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) between ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and a traditional, retrospective interview. Adolescents were recruited following recent discharge from acute psychiatric care for a suicidal crisis (as part of a larger study). Participants completed: (1) EMA surveys assessing SITBs multiple times daily over a 28-day follow-up period, and (2) a follow-up phone interview to evaluate SITBs retrospectively at the end of the same 28-day follow-up period. Forty-one adolescents completed the final follow-up interview (M_age = 14.9 years; 78.0% White; 61.0% female). Adolescents’ reports of SITB presence (vs. absence) and frequency, collected via EMA and retrospective interview over follow-up, were compared. Preliminary differences in SITB endorsement (presence/absence) were observed between reporting methods with more adolescents endorsing suicide ideation (SI; n = 30) and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI; n = 15) in EMA compared to retrospective interview (SI: n = 17; NSSI: n = 10). Reasons for withholding SITBs from EMA reports (gathered during a final qualitative interview) included not wanting to answer additional EMA questions and concerns about EMA-reporting consequences. There were no statistically significant differences in SITB frequency by report method. Further investigation is warranted in a larger sample to elucidate frequency patterns. Given the growing research using this method, these findings are important to help clarify the utility of EMA methods for studying SITBs in youth.

vorige artikel Prospectively Predicting Adult Depressive Symptoms from Adolescent Peer Dysfunction: a Sibling Comparison Study

To minimize recruitment bias on the basis of socioeconomic status, adolescents who did not have their own smartphone device were provided with a temporary, inexpensive smartphone and limited data plan for the duration of the follow-up period (approximately 1 month; n = 8). Among the 8 adolescents with a loaned smartphone, n = 3 were due to technical issues with their own smartphone device, n = 2 were due to lost personal smartphone privileges, and the reasons for the remaining n = 3 were not recorded. All loaned smartphone devices were provided to the adolescent with parental consent and returned to study staff at the end of the follow-up period. More details can be found in Glenn et al. (2022).

Reasons for not completing the last follow-up call included: adolescent rehospitalization (n = 4), adolescent declined participation due to low mood (n = 2), or unknown reason but unable to schedule call or lost to contact (n = 6). There were no statistical differences (p > 0.05) in demographics (age, gender identity, sexual orientation, racial identity, ethnicity, or parent-reported annual household income) between participants who completed their follow-up call (n = 41) and those that did not (n = 12). Adolescents who completed the follow-up were more likely to have engaged in NSSI over their lifetime (t(51) = -2.37, p = 0.021, d = 0.38) and were less likely to have reported SRBs in the month prior to enrollment (t(47) = 2.80, p = 0.007, d = 0.47) when compared to those who did not complete the final follow-up assessment.

Of the six adolescents who reported SRBs via EMA, one adolescent reported at least one interrupted attempt, three adolescents reported at least one aborted attempt, and four adolescents reported at least one full suicide attempt. Of the six adolescents reporting SRBs via interview, there were no adolescents identified as having made an interrupted attempt, four adolescents reported at least one aborted attempt, and five adolescents reported at least one full suicide attempt that was not reported via EMA. Among the adolescents that reported their SRBs in both reporting methods (EMA and interview; n = 3), there was 100% convergence in the types of SRBs reported across both methods. The sample size was too small to examine these differences empirically. These details are reported here for transparency.

Only one of the three adolescents reporting SRBs in both EMA and the interview diverged on their SRB frequency report. Specifically, this individual reported both more frequent aborted and full suicide attempts during their follow-up interview as compared to EMA.

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Titel: Measuring Adolescents’ Self-injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: Comparing Ecological Momentary Assessment to a Traditional Interview
Auteurs: Erika C. Esposito
Annie M. Duan
Jaclyn C. Kearns
Evan M. Kleiman
Yeates Conwell
Catherine R. Glenn
Publicatiedatum: 07-03-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 8/2022
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00907-3

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