Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

16-12-2016 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Potential Moderators of the Effects of a School-Based Mindfulness Program on Symptoms of Depression in Adolescents

Auteurs: Katleen Van der Gucht, Keisuke Takano, Peter Kuppens, Filip Raes

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 3/2017

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

An essential step to wide-scale dissemination is to investigate moderators of intervention effectiveness. This study examined moderators of the effects of a universal school-based mindfulness program on adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Based on theory and previous research, we identified the following potential moderators: (1) severity of symptoms of depression at baseline, (2) gender, (3) age, and (4) school track. The study uses a pooled dataset from two consecutive randomized controlled trials in adolescents (13–18 years) in secondary schools in Belgium. Results on effectiveness based on the first trial were published in this journal (Raes et al. 2014). A second consecutive trial was conducted to obtain a more equal distribution between school tracks and to enlarge power, yielding a total of 605 students from nine schools. In each school, parallel classes were randomized to the mindfulness condition or usual curriculum control condition. Data were collected 1 week before and 1 week after delivery of the training and at 6-month follow-up. Moderation was tested longitudinally with multilevel models across the three repeated measures and across condition. We found no moderation effects of gender, age, and school track. Six months after the training, we found a marginally significant moderation effect for severity of symptoms of depression at baseline with greater decrease in symptoms for students with high levels of depression. The general absence of differential intervention effects for gender, age, and school track supports the broad scope of the school-based mindfulness group intervention.
Literatuur
go back to reference Ahlen, J., Lenhard, F., & Ghaderi, A. (2015). Universal prevention for anxiety and depressive symptoms in children: a meta-analysis of randomized and cluster-randomized trials. Journal of Primary Prevention, 36(6), 387–403. doi:10.1007/s10935-015-0405-4.PubMedCrossRef Ahlen, J., Lenhard, F., & Ghaderi, A. (2015). Universal prevention for anxiety and depressive symptoms in children: a meta-analysis of randomized and cluster-randomized trials. Journal of Primary Prevention, 36(6), 387–403. doi:10.​1007/​s10935-015-0405-4.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181.CrossRef Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181.CrossRef
go back to reference Bellon, J. A., Moreno-Peral, P., Motrico, E., Rodriguez-Morejon, A., Fernandez, A., Serrano-Blanco, A., et al. (2015). Effectiveness of psychological and/or educational interventions to prevent the onset of episodes of depression: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Preventive Medicine, 76, S22–S32. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.11.003.PubMedCrossRef Bellon, J. A., Moreno-Peral, P., Motrico, E., Rodriguez-Morejon, A., Fernandez, A., Serrano-Blanco, A., et al. (2015). Effectiveness of psychological and/or educational interventions to prevent the onset of episodes of depression: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Preventive Medicine, 76, S22–S32. doi:10.​1016/​j.​ypmed.​2014.​11.​003.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Beurs, E., Van Dyck, R., Marquenie, L. A., Lange, A., & Blonk, R. W. B. (2001). De DASS: een vragenlijst voor het meten van depressie, angst en stress. Gedragstherapie, 34, 35–53. Beurs, E., Van Dyck, R., Marquenie, L. A., Lange, A., & Blonk, R. W. B. (2001). De DASS: een vragenlijst voor het meten van depressie, angst en stress. Gedragstherapie, 34, 35–53.
go back to reference Bluth, K., Campo, R. A., Pruteanu-Malinici, S., Reams, A., Mullarkey, M., & Broderick, P. C. (2016). A school-based mindfulness pilot study for ethnically diverse at-risk adolescents. Mindfulness, 7(1), 90–104. doi:10.1007/s12671-014-0376-1.PubMedCrossRef Bluth, K., Campo, R. A., Pruteanu-Malinici, S., Reams, A., Mullarkey, M., & Broderick, P. C. (2016). A school-based mindfulness pilot study for ethnically diverse at-risk adolescents. Mindfulness, 7(1), 90–104. doi:10.​1007/​s12671-014-0376-1.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Brière, F. N., Rohde, P., Shaw, H., & Stice, E. (2014). Moderators of two indicated cognitive-behavioral depression prevention approaches for adolescents in a school-based effectiveness trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 53, 55–62. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.12.005.PubMedCrossRef Brière, F. N., Rohde, P., Shaw, H., & Stice, E. (2014). Moderators of two indicated cognitive-behavioral depression prevention approaches for adolescents in a school-based effectiveness trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 53, 55–62. doi:10.​1016/​j.​brat.​2013.​12.​005.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Castelao, C. F., & Kroener-Herwig, B. (2013). Different trajectories of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: predictors and differences in girls and boys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(8), 1169–1182. doi:10.1007/s10964-012-9858-4.CrossRef Castelao, C. F., & Kroener-Herwig, B. (2013). Different trajectories of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: predictors and differences in girls and boys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(8), 1169–1182. doi:10.​1007/​s10964-012-9858-4.CrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2ed ed.). Hillsdale: Erlbaum. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2ed ed.). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
go back to reference Crawford, J., Cayley, C., Lovibond, P. F., Wilson, P. H., & Hartley, C. (2011). Percentile norms and accompanying interval estimates from an Australian general adult population sample for self-report mood scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES-D, DASS, DASS-21, STAI-X, STAI-Y, SRDS, and SRAS). Australian Psychologist, 46(1), 3–14.CrossRef Crawford, J., Cayley, C., Lovibond, P. F., Wilson, P. H., & Hartley, C. (2011). Percentile norms and accompanying interval estimates from an Australian general adult population sample for self-report mood scales (BAI, BDI, CRSD, CES-D, DASS, DASS-21, STAI-X, STAI-Y, SRDS, and SRAS). Australian Psychologist, 46(1), 3–14.CrossRef
go back to reference Gard, T., Holzel, B. K., Sack, A. T., Hempel, H., Lazar, S. W., Vaitl, D., et al. (2012). Pain attenuation through mindfulness is associated with decreased cognitive control and increased sensory processing in the brain. Cerebral Cortex, 22(11), 2692–2702. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr352.PubMedCrossRef Gard, T., Holzel, B. K., Sack, A. T., Hempel, H., Lazar, S. W., Vaitl, D., et al. (2012). Pain attenuation through mindfulness is associated with decreased cognitive control and increased sensory processing in the brain. Cerebral Cortex, 22(11), 2692–2702. doi:10.​1093/​cercor/​bhr352.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gould, L. F., Dariotis, J. K., Mendelson, T., & Greenberg, M. T. (2012). A school-based mindfulness intervention for urban youth: exploring moderators of intervention effects. Journal of Community Psychology, 40(8), 968–982. doi:10.1002/jcop.21505.CrossRef Gould, L. F., Dariotis, J. K., Mendelson, T., & Greenberg, M. T. (2012). A school-based mindfulness intervention for urban youth: exploring moderators of intervention effects. Journal of Community Psychology, 40(8), 968–982. doi:10.​1002/​jcop.​21505.CrossRef
go back to reference Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 128–140.PubMedCrossRef Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 128–140.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(2), 227–239.PubMedCrossRef Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(2), 227–239.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Horowitz, J. L., & Garber, J. (2006). The prevention of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 401–415.PubMedCrossRef Horowitz, J. L., & Garber, J. (2006). The prevention of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 401–415.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Horowitz, J. L., Garber, J., Ciesla, J. A., Young, J. F., & Mufson, L. (2007). Prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents: a randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal prevention programs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(5), 693–706. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.5.693.PubMedCrossRef Horowitz, J. L., Garber, J., Ciesla, J. A., Young, J. F., & Mufson, L. (2007). Prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents: a randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal prevention programs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(5), 693–706. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006x.​75.​5.​693.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Johnson, C., Burke, C., Brinkman, S., & Wade, T. (2016). Effectiveness of a school-based mindfulness program for transdiagnostic prevention in young adolescents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 81, 1–11.PubMedCrossRef Johnson, C., Burke, C., Brinkman, S., & Wade, T. (2016). Effectiveness of a school-based mindfulness program for transdiagnostic prevention in young adolescents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 81, 1–11.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: how to cope with stress, pain and illness using mindfulness meditation. New York: Delacorte. Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: how to cope with stress, pain and illness using mindfulness meditation. New York: Delacorte.
go back to reference Kallapiran, K., Koo, S., Kirubakaran, R., & Hancock, K. (2015). Effectiveness of mindfulness in improving mental health symptoms of children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20(4), 182–194.CrossRef Kallapiran, K., Koo, S., Kirubakaran, R., & Hancock, K. (2015). Effectiveness of mindfulness in improving mental health symptoms of children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 20(4), 182–194.CrossRef
go back to reference Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Anthony, J. C., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., Gasquet, I., et al. (2007). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry, 6(3), 168–176.PubMedPubMedCentral Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Anthony, J. C., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., Gasquet, I., et al. (2007). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry, 6(3), 168–176.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Kraemer, H. C., Wilson, G. T., Fairburn, C. G., & Agras, W. S. (2002). Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(10), 877–883.PubMedCrossRef Kraemer, H. C., Wilson, G. T., Fairburn, C. G., & Agras, W. S. (2002). Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(10), 877–883.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kuyken, W., Warren, F. C., Taylor, R. S., Whalley, B., Crane, C., Bondolfi, G., et al. (2016). Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in prevention of depressive relapse an individual patient data meta-analysis from randomized trials. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(6), 565–574. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0076.PubMedCrossRef Kuyken, W., Warren, F. C., Taylor, R. S., Whalley, B., Crane, C., Bondolfi, G., et al. (2016). Efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in prevention of depressive relapse an individual patient data meta-analysis from randomized trials. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(6), 565–574. doi:10.​1001/​jamapsychiatry.​2016.​0076.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales (2nd ed.). Sidney: Psychology Foundation. Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales (2nd ed.). Sidney: Psychology Foundation.
go back to reference McCart, M. R., Priester, P. E., Davies, W. H., & Azen, R. (2006). Differential effectiveness of behavioral parent-training and cognitive-behavioral therapy for antisocial youth: a meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34(4), 525–541.CrossRef McCart, M. R., Priester, P. E., Davies, W. H., & Azen, R. (2006). Differential effectiveness of behavioral parent-training and cognitive-behavioral therapy for antisocial youth: a meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34(4), 525–541.CrossRef
go back to reference Mueller, S., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Stice, E. (2015). Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents’ depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 75, 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.brat2015.10.002.CrossRef Mueller, S., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Stice, E. (2015). Moderators of the effects of indicated group and bibliotherapy cognitive behavioral depression prevention programs on adolescents’ depressive symptoms and depressive disorder onset. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 75, 1–10. doi:10.​1016/​j.​brat2015.​10.​002.CrossRef
go back to reference Patton, G. C., Coffey, C., Romaniuk, H., Mackinnon, A., Carlin, J. B., Degenhardt, L., et al. (2014). The prognosis of common mental disorders in adolescents: a 14-year prospective cohort study. Lancet, 383(9926), 1404–1411. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62116-9.PubMedCrossRef Patton, G. C., Coffey, C., Romaniuk, H., Mackinnon, A., Carlin, J. B., Degenhardt, L., et al. (2014). The prognosis of common mental disorders in adolescents: a 14-year prospective cohort study. Lancet, 383(9926), 1404–1411. doi:10.​1016/​s0140-6736(13)62116-9.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Poessel, P., Martin, N. C., Garber, J., & Hautzinger, M. (2013). A randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral program for the prevention of depression in adolescents compared with nonspecific and no-intervention control conditions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(3), 432–438. doi:10.1037/a0032308.CrossRef Poessel, P., Martin, N. C., Garber, J., & Hautzinger, M. (2013). A randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral program for the prevention of depression in adolescents compared with nonspecific and no-intervention control conditions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(3), 432–438. doi:10.​1037/​a0032308.CrossRef
go back to reference Raes, F., Griffith, J. W., Van der Gucht, K., & Williams, J. M. G. (2014). School-based prevention and reduction of depression in adolescents: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness group program. Mindfulness, 5(5), 477–486. doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0202-1.CrossRef Raes, F., Griffith, J. W., Van der Gucht, K., & Williams, J. M. G. (2014). School-based prevention and reduction of depression in adolescents: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness group program. Mindfulness, 5(5), 477–486. doi:10.​1007/​s12671-013-0202-1.CrossRef
go back to reference Sanger, K. L., & Dorjee, D. (2015). Mindfulness training for adolescents: a neurodevelopmental perspective on investigating modifications in attention and emotion regulation using event-related brain potentials. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(3), 696–711.CrossRef Sanger, K. L., & Dorjee, D. (2015). Mindfulness training for adolescents: a neurodevelopmental perspective on investigating modifications in attention and emotion regulation using event-related brain potentials. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(3), 696–711.CrossRef
go back to reference Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: a new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press. Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: a new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Stice, E., Shaw, H., Bohon, C., Marti, C. N., & Rohde, P. (2009). A meta-analytic review of depression prevention programs for children and adolescents: factors that predict magnitude of intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 486–503.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Stice, E., Shaw, H., Bohon, C., Marti, C. N., & Rohde, P. (2009). A meta-analytic review of depression prevention programs for children and adolescents: factors that predict magnitude of intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 486–503.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Stockings, E. A., Degenhardt, L., Dobbins, T., Lee, Y. Y., Erskine, H. E., Whiteford, H. A., et al. (2016). Preventing depression and anxiety in young people: a review of the joint efficacy of universal, selective and indicated prevention. Psychological Medicine, 46(1), 11–26. doi:10.1017/s0033291715001725.PubMedCrossRef Stockings, E. A., Degenhardt, L., Dobbins, T., Lee, Y. Y., Erskine, H. E., Whiteford, H. A., et al. (2016). Preventing depression and anxiety in young people: a review of the joint efficacy of universal, selective and indicated prevention. Psychological Medicine, 46(1), 11–26. doi:10.​1017/​s003329171500172​5.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Team, R. D. C (2007). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Team, R. D. C (2007). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
go back to reference van den Hurk, P. A., Janssen, B. H., Giommi, F., Barendregt, H. P., & Gielen, S. C. (2010). Mindfulness meditation associated with alterations in bottom-up processing: psychophysiological evidence for reduced reactivity. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 78(2), 151–157.PubMedCrossRef van den Hurk, P. A., Janssen, B. H., Giommi, F., Barendregt, H. P., & Gielen, S. C. (2010). Mindfulness meditation associated with alterations in bottom-up processing: psychophysiological evidence for reduced reactivity. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 78(2), 151–157.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Westbrook, C., Creswell, J. D., Tabibnia, G., Julson, E., Kober, H., & Tindle, H. A. (2013). Mindful attention reduces neural and self-reported cue-induced craving in smokers. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(1), 73–84.PubMedCrossRef Westbrook, C., Creswell, J. D., Tabibnia, G., Julson, E., Kober, H., & Tindle, H. A. (2013). Mindful attention reduces neural and self-reported cue-induced craving in smokers. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(1), 73–84.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Willemsen, J., Markey, S., Declercq, F., & Vanheule, S. (2011). Negative emotionality in a large community sample of adolescents: the factor structure and measurement invariance of the short version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21). Stress and Health, 27(3), E120–E128. doi:10.1002/smi.1342.CrossRef Willemsen, J., Markey, S., Declercq, F., & Vanheule, S. (2011). Negative emotionality in a large community sample of adolescents: the factor structure and measurement invariance of the short version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21). Stress and Health, 27(3), E120–E128. doi:10.​1002/​smi.​1342.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Potential Moderators of the Effects of a School-Based Mindfulness Program on Symptoms of Depression in Adolescents
Auteurs
Katleen Van der Gucht
Keisuke Takano
Peter Kuppens
Filip Raes
Publicatiedatum
16-12-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Mindfulness / Uitgave 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0658-x